Browsing by Author "Pereira, Zélia"
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- The age and depositional environments of the lower Karoo Moatize Coalfield of Mozambique: insights into the postglacial history of central GondwanaPublication . Fernandes, Paulo; Hancox, Philip John; Mendes, Márcia; Pereira, Zélia; Rodrigues Lopes, Gilda Maria; Marques, João; Jorge, Raul Carlos Godinho Santos; Albardeiro, LuísThe Moatize Coalfield belongs to a network of continental Karoo basins of central Mozambique, known as the Zambezi Basin. Palynological and sedimentological studies were performed on four coal exploration boreholes to determine the age, depositional settings, and overall geological evolution of its extensive coal deposits. Clastic formations recognised in this coalfield, in ascending order, are the Vu´zi, Moatize and Matinde formations. Palynomorph assemblages indicate that the Moatize Coalfield succession ranges from Roadian (lower Guadalupian) to Changhsingian (upper Lopingian) in age. Two main depositional phases are identified, whose initiation and development are attributed to regional tectonic events and climate amelioration. The first phase formed towards the end of the deglacial period, characterised initially by fan deltas, represented by the upper Vu´zi Formation, and the shift to lake–delta environments, represented by the lower part of the Moatize Formation. This phase took place from Roadian to the Wordian times. The lake–delta settings indicate a sediment aggradation trend with high subsidence rates in the lake basin, which, together with the associated post-glacial climate amelioration, led to the accumulation of coal deposits in swamps of the delta top and lake margins. The second depositional phase took place from Capitanian to Changhsingian times and related to fluvial environments initiated by uplift that reorganised the depocenter into alluvial plains characterised by bedload dominated rivers (braided) and overbank floodplains. Results obtained in this study provide critical information for the onset of the deglaciation events and the age of coal deposits in this part of Gondwana, important for wider stratigraphic correlation of these events in Africa and throughout the Gondwana.
- Análise de proveniência dos sedimentos siliciclásticos do Grupo do Flysch do Baixo Alentejo, Zona Sul PortuguesaPublication . Fernandes, Paulo; Jorge, R. C. G. S.; Oliveira, José Tomás; Pereira, Zélia; Rodrigues, B.Os estudos de análise de proveniência dos sedimentos siliciclásticos do Grupo do Flysch do Baixo Alentejo sugerem mudanças na natureza das áreas fonte ao longo da sua história deposicional. Petrograficamente regista-se uma mudança de áreas iniciais caracterizadas por rochas magmáticas para áreas representadas por rochas (meta)sedimentares recicladas. Os indicadores geoquímicos de proveniência sugerem mistura de fontes, envolvendo quer rochas ígneas félsicas, quer litologias máficas para a Fm. Mértola, evoluindo para um predomínio de rochas (meta)félsicas associada à área fonte dos sedimentos siliciclásticas da Fm. Brejeira.
- Callovian (Middle Jurassic) dinoflagellate cysts from the Algarve Basin, southern PortugalPublication . Borges, Marisa; Riding, James B.; Fernandes, Paulo; Matos, Vasco; Pereira, ZéliaThe palynology of three Callovian (Middle Jurassic) limestone-marl successions from the Algarve Basin in southern Portugal was studied. These localities are Baleeira Harbour, Mareta Beach and Telheiro Quarry; they provide a composite. succession, tied to ammonite zones, through the Lower, Middle and Upper Callovian from the western and eastern subbasins of the Algarve Basin. The three sections generally yielded relatively abundant marine and continental palynofloras. Diversity is low to moderate and the dinoflagellate cyst associations are dominated by Ctenidodinium spp., the Ellipsoidictyum/Valensiella group, Gonyaulacysta jurassica subsp. adecta, Korystocysta spp., Meiourogonyaulax spp., Pareodinia ceratophora, Sentusidinium spp., Surculosphaeridium? vestitum and Systematophora spp. Some intra-Callovian marker bioevents were recorded; these include the range bases of Ctenidodinium ornatum, Gonyaulacysta eisenackii, Korystocysta pachyderma, Mendicodinium groenlandicum, Rigaudella spp. and Surculosphaeridium? vestitum. The occurrences of Endoscrinium acroferum and Impletosphaeridium varispinosum in the Early to Middle Callovian of Mareta Beach and Telheiro Quarry are also characteristic of this interval. At Baleeira Harbour, the presence of Ctenidodinium continuum and Gonyaulacysta centriconnata in the Peltoceras athleta Zone confirms the Late Callovian age of this section. The successions studied were deposited in restricted infralittoral neritic marine environments which lack deep water circulation, and possibly represent restricted embayments. The relatively low diversity nature of the dinoflagellate cyst assemblages appears to be largely due to the highly enclosed nature of this depocentre. Many Callovian index dinoflagellate cyst taxa which are found in northwest Europe are absent in the Algarve Basin. These forms may have been intolerant of enclosed palaeoenvironments which have restricted or no deep circulation. The Callovian marine palynofloras from the Algarve Basin compare well to the few other published records from the Iberian Peninsula of this age. However they are significantly less diverse than coeval floras from elsewhere in the extensive Mid Latitude Callovian phytoprovince. Many typically Callovian dinoflagellate cysts are cosmopolitan, however some provincialism is clearly manifested. The Arctic and Austral Callovian phytoprovinces are characterised by key endemic taxa such as Paragonyaulacysta retiphragmata and Ternia balmei, which are not present in the Algarve Basin and are assumed to have been polar forms.
- Caracterização geoquímica da formação brejeira (grupo do Flysch do Baixo Alentejo): resultados preliminaresPublication . Fernandes, Paulo; Jorge, R. C. G. S.; Rodrigues, B.; Pereira, Zélia; Oliveira, José TomásA Formação Brejeira é a unidade litoestratigráfica mais recente do Grupo do Flysch do Baixo Alentejo consistindo, essencialmente, de grauvaques e quartzovaques de natureza turbidítica intercalados com xistos argilosos. A idade da Fm. Brejeira distribui-se entre o Bashkiriano e o Moscoviano superior (Carbonífero Superior). O estudo petrográfico e mineralógico dos grauvaques da Fm. Brejeira relevou a seguinte composição Qt81,6F0,9Lt17,5, resultados que sugerem uma proveniência dos sedimentos de áreas caracterizadas predominantemente por rochas (meta)sedimentares recicladas. Do ponto de vista geoquímico os grauvaques são enriquecidos em SiO2 (>75%) reflectindo uma mineralogia dominada pelo quartzo. Os xistos argilosos apresentam Índices de Variabilidade Composicional (IVC) inferiores a 1 e baixas razões K2O/Al2O3 (0,2±0,02) e Na2O/K2O (0,15±0,06). As litologias da Fm. Brejeira exibem padrões normalizados das Terras Raras caracterizados por enriquecimento em Terras Raras Leves, anomalia de Eu negativa e reduzido fraccionamento das Terras Raras Pesadas. Quer os grauvaques quer os xistos argilosos possuem valores similares das razões Lan/Smn, Gdn/Ybn e Eu/Eu*. O Índice de Meteorização Química (CIW) das litologias da Fm. Brejeira é elevado (>80,93) e o Índice de Alteração da Plagioclase (PIA) apesar de mais variável, é na maioria das amostras elevado (PIA 67,24 – 96,14). Os valores de CIW e PIA sugerem condições de meteorização química de moderada a intensa. Os dados petrográficos e geoquímicos sugerem áreas-fonte dos sedimentos da Fm. Berjeira caracterizadas por rochas félsicas e (meta)sedimentares recicladas
- Caracterização geoquímica do Grupo do Flysch do Baixo Alentejo (Zona Sul Portuguesa): resultados preliminaresPublication . Fernandes, Paulo; Jorge, R. C. G. S.; Pereira, Zélia; Oliveira, José TomásO Grupo do Flysch do Baixo Alentejo (GFBA) é um dos domínios da Zona Sul Portuguesa (ZSP), sendo constituído por sedimentos turbidíticos profundos, com uma espessura superior a 5 km (Oliveira, 1990).
- Carboniferous palynostratigraphy of the borehole SDJ1 from the Santa Susana region, Ossa Morena Zone, PortugalPublication . Pereira, Zélia; Lopes, Gilda; Fernandes, Paulo; Matos, João Xavier; Rosa, Diogo; Oliveira, José TomásThe borehole SDJ1, with a total depth of 404.5 meters, was drilled in 1991 by the Serviço de Fomento Mineiro to investigate an Electromagnetic TEM conductor (Oliveira & Matos 1991). This hole is located in the eastern sector of the Santa Susana/Moinho da Ordem coal mine (1927-1944), in the Jongeis mine sector. The borehole log indicates that it cuts lithologies of the Carboniferous Toca da Moura Complex (TMC) and the Santa Susana Formation (SSF).
- Contribuição para o estudo da estrutura da mina de Aljustrel (Faixa Piritosa Ibérica) com base em novos dados palinoestratigráficos do Complexo Vulcano-Sedimentar e da Fm. MértolaPublication . Matos, João Xavier; Pereira, Zélia; Fernandes, Paulo; Rosa, Diogo; Oliveira, José TomásA cartografia geológica de detalhe e a análise palinoestratigráfica de sedimentos do Complexo Vulcano-Sedimentar da Faixa Piritosa e da Fm. Mértola, na região da mina de Aljustrel, permite uma melhor compreensão da estrutura local. A Fm. Paraíso apresenta uma idade Tournaisiano sup. - Viseano inf. (biozonas CM e Pu). A Fm. Gavião tem uma idade semelhante, contendo associações de miosporos da biozona CM, do Tournaisiano sup. Propõe-se uma nova unidade sedimentar correspdente à base da Fm. Mértola, a Unidade Canal da BAI, de idade Viseano médio-sup. (biozona NM).
- d13Ccarbonate chemostratigraphy of the Carrapateira Outlier (Lower Kimmeridgian), Southern PortugalPublication . Borges, Marisa; Goodhue, R.; Fernandes, Paulo; Pereira, Zélia; Matos, Vasco; Rodrigues, B.The Carrapateira Outlier (CO) located 20 km north of Sagres is formed by Upper Triassic to Kimmeridgian sediments. The studied section is located at Três Angras bay and consists of approximately 50 m of limestones interbedded with marls, assigned to the Early Kimmeridgian based on corals, foraminifera and dinoflagellate cysts. The uppermost limestone beds are rich in macrofossils with well-preserved corals in life position. To compile 13C chemostratigraphy for this section, sixty five bulk carbonate samples were studied.
- Dados palinoestratigráficos preliminares do Gorstiano (Silúrico) da Formação de Sazes (Sinclinal do Buçaco)Publication . Lopes, Gilda; Vaz, Nuno; Sequeira, A. J. D.; Piçarra, J. M.; Fernandes, Paulo; Pereira, ZéliaNovos dados bioestratigráficos foram obtidos na sucessão estratigráfica do Paleozóico Inferior da região do Buçaco. A Formação de Sazes (Silúrico) está a ser estudada ao nível palinológico (miosporos e quitinozoários) e de macrofósseis (graptólitos), com o intuito de rever e complementar dados bioestratigráficos anteriormente descritos. Com base nos dados palinológicos, parte da Fm. de Sazes foi datada com mais precisão como pertencendo ao Gorstiano e, pela primeira vez nesta região, também foram identificados criptosporos. Novos dados são esperados com a continuação deste estudo.
- Detrital zircon U-Pb geochronology of the moatize and n'condédzi coalfields, zambezi karoo basin of Mozambique: implications for provenance, sediment dispersal and basin evolutionPublication . Fernandes, Paulo; Jorge, Raul C. G. S.; Albardeiro, Luís; Chew, David; Drakou, Foteini; Pereira, Zélia; Marques, JoãoDetrital zircon U-Pb geochronology of the Moatize and N'Condedzi coalfields in the Zambezi Karoo Basin of Mozambique provides key insights into the regional provenance, sediment dispersal pathways and basin evolution. Borehole cores from the two coalfields reveal a stratigraphy spanning the early Roadian (middle Permian) to the Carnian (Upper Triassic). The Permian sandstones of the Moatize Coalfield (MC) yield three detrital zircon populations, with ages ranging from 1150 to 950 Ma, 900-780 Ma and 650-490 Ma. In contrast, the Permian sandstones of the N'Condedzi Coalfield (NC) have only one population, which ranges from 1150 to 950 Ma. During the Permian, the provenance area for the NC was the Tete-Chipata Terrane and Malawi Complex (1150-950 Ma) to the north-northeast. In the MC, the detrital zircon populations of the early lake delta depositional setting (Roadian to Wordian) indicate a main provenance in the Zambezi Belt (900-780 Ma) located to the south of the MC, with minor sourcing from the Nampula Block (1150-950 Ma and 650-490 Ma) to the east. The transition from a lake delta to an alluvial depositional setting is attributed to a major tectonic event in the MC, which involved the formation of a braided channel belt. Sandstones from this braided channel belt yield three detrital zircons populations (650-490 Ma, 900-780 Ma and 1150-950 Ma), indicating provenance from both the Zambezi Belt and the Nampula Block. The overlying sandstones in the MC show only a minor population from the Zambezi Belt (900-780 Ma), implying a shift in provenance to the Nampula Block that was likely induced by tectonics. The absence of detrital zircon populations of 900-780 Ma and 650-490 in the Permian sandstones of NC implies that the two coalfields were not connected during the mid to late Permian. It is likely that an intra-rift horst (the Mesoproterozoic Gabbro-Anorthosite Tete Suite) separated the two coalfields. The Lower Triassic sandstones of the NC yield a main detrital zircon population indicating provenance from the TeteChipata Terrane and Malawi Complex (1150-950 Ma). A minor population at 650-490 Ma is linked to increased aridity at the Permian - Triassic boundary, which caused expansion of the watershed across the Tete-Chipata Terrane and the Malawi Complex. The Upper Triassic sandstones in the NC yield a 1150-950 Ma detrital zircon population, indicating provenance from the Tete-Chipata Terrane and Malawi Complex and a return to the source-to-sink conditions seen in the mid to late Permian.