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- BIM approach to modeling a sports pavilion for university usePublication . Nuñez Muñoz, Juan; Villena Manzanares, Francisco; Marçal Gonçalves, MartaNew developments in software projects for the construction sector are a technological revolution and provide new methods of infrastructure design and modeling, highlighting the Building Information Modeling (BIM). BIM is a technology and methodology used in the most developed countries and little by little this technology is being implemented in other countries where its use is increasing. This new work methodology makes it easier to manage and plan new projects, saving time and minimizing costs. The advantages of using BIM stand out in large projects thanks to the better handling of large volumes of information. This article will address, with the example of using BIM technology, the design project of a fictitious university sports pavilion located in Seville (Spain). Using the BIM Edificius® software, the 3D modeling of this building will be carried out in order to calculate and design the building’s facilities with CYPECAD MEP® software, making use of the IFC (Industry Foundation Classes) format to exchange the building design between both programs.
- Building the landscape. Rehabilitation and renewal of traditional mediterranean structuresPublication . Bragança, Carlos; Marçal Gonçalves, MartaOne of the main features of Mediterranean landscapes, particularly in limestone areas, is the terraced land frame, usually supported by dry stone walls. In addition to the scenic aspects and landscape identity, network compartmentalization established by terraces, property division walls, pathways and traditional paths, shapes ecological corridors that frame the different human activities. It is a structure whose conservation is particularly important in areas of intense human impact, or rapid transformation, such as the urban-tourist spaces of the Algarve, where the hills displayed by such structures form the background scenario. In order to put in value their importance for landscape conservation and evolution, this presentation will focus on the interrelated ecological, aesthetic, symbolic, socioeconomic and political aspects that influence the spatial distribution and image of the terraces. Of course, the values that local people can assign to their landscapes will be determinant, but specially at the Algarve, the role of tourists as outsiders must be seriously take into account. We then argue that the future of the dry stone walls structure must be prospected into the diversity of possible solutions about landscape development as the living part of a whole unit that includes the densest urbanized areas with less ecological functions. We call such unit the urban-touristic region of Algarve, inspired on two utopic references: the ‘urban regions’ and the ‘Agroplia’. It means that we try to use landscape as an instrument of knowledge and acknowledgement –democratic governance– of regional spaces.
- La construcción 4.0: hacia la sostenibilidad en el sector de la construcciónPublication . Villena-Manzanares, Francisco; Marçal Gonçalves, Marta; Lucena González, CarlosEn la actualidad, el sector de la construcción está transformándose gracias a la digitalización y a la incorporación de las nuevas tecnologías que industrializan sus procesos, lo conocido actualmente por Construcción 4.0. La aplicación de la Construcción 4.0 ha demostrado mayor flexibilidad y viabilidad técnica ofreciendo soluciones más sostenibles y eficientes. La construcción industrializada (prefabricada y/o modular) incorpora tecnologías y metodologías (por ejemplo: Lean Construction y BIM) capaces de minimizar tiempos y costes mejorando la productividad en el sector. Los objetivos de este trabajo son en primer lugar establecer la construcción industrializada bajo una perspectiva 4.0 a través de una revisión de la literatura, y, en segundo lugar, reflexionar sobre la aproximación de la construcción con un enfoque 4.0. hacia los principios de sostenibilidad y desarrollo sostenible para las sociedades del futuro.
- Estruturas mediterrânicas tradicionais. A utopia da paisagem urbano-turística do AlgarvePublication . Bragança, Carlos; Marçal Gonçalves, Marta; Prates, Gonçalo Nuno DelgadoUma das características marcantes das paisagens mediterrânicas é a armação dos terrenos montanhosos em socalcos suportados por muros de pedra seca. Além do carácter identitário que imprimem na paisagem, as construções milenares em pedra seca estabelecem uma rede de compartimentação com várias funções ou utilidades, como suporte de terras, drenagem, armazenamento de águas, divisão de propriedade, limitação de caminhos e veredas. Para além destas funções, focar-nos-emos de forma especial nos valores sociais e éticos capazes de gerar alternativas de evolução da paisagem. No Algarve, se bem que os valores atribuídos pelas populações locais sejam determinantes nessa evolução, o papel dos turistas e população residente estrangeira pode, no entanto, ser fundamental para gerar novos contextos cénicos. O nosso argumento gira em torno do futuro da estrutura dos muros de pedra seca, a prospetar dentro da diversidade de possíveis soluções sobre o desenvolvimento da paisagem envolvente do sistema urbano, enquanto parte viva de uma unidade que inclui as áreas mais densamente urbanizadas. Designamos essa unidade região urbanoturística do Algarve, inspirada em duas referências utópicas: a de ‘região urbana’ e a de ‘agropólia’, em que a paisagem é assumida como bem comum e instrumento de conhecimento e reconhecimento –governança democrática– de espaços regionais.
- Ritual of blessing the tuna fishing nets in Algarve (Portugal), between the 30's and 60'sPublication . Batista, Nuno; Marçal Gonçalves, MartaThis paper describes the religious blessing procedure of tuna fishing nets before being launched into the sea, in Algarve, between the decades 30 and 60, when it abruptly ended. The authors describe how blessing of tuna fishing nets was made, based on interviews with peo-ple involved in this art, using photos provided by those, complemented by documentary analysis and bibliographic research. In the course of the work it was discovered that such religious prac-tice took place in Faro beach, in Algarve, for long decades, involving almost 200 families that lived there temporarily for 4 months per year, each year. The main results of this research are the awareness that this heritage, which is being lost, and the consequent urgency of an adequate registration and disclosure to the valuation of such sustainable asset, that is scarce.
- Drystone Walls: Interface between geological and cultural heritage?Publication . Rosendahl, Stefan; Marçal Gonçalves, Marta; Gonzalo Lozano; Javier Luengo; Ana Cabrera; Juana VegasThe aim of this work is to show the existence of interfaces between various types of heritage and the benfits of these heritage's crossing. Qualitative non-interventionist methodologies were used, and bibliographic, cartographic, and field visits were carried out. Visits guided by the authors and discussions with specialists and non-specialists were a priceless support of the realization of the study. The interaction with the local population was an important part of the methodology to understand the territories in question. The deductive method was also used.
- Almadrava: a proposal for a touristic revivalPublication . Batista, Nuno; Marçal Gonçalves, Marta; Sérgio Lira; Rogério Amoêda; Cristina PinheiroIt was very common to see the establishment of the tuna’s fishermen in the Algarvian beaches, from April to June or August. The Arraiais (fishing yards) in the sand, strategically placed near the Almadravas (tuna nets) placed in the sea, had their own socioeconomic relations and their own temporary urban landscape. In this paper, it is elaborated a touristic proposal, based in the tuna fishing theme. There are almost no offers for touristic proposals, based in tuna fishing heritage, in Algarve. We believe that this may be an alternative to the high season, because of its meaning during the tuna fishing season and, due to Algarve geographical location, it is also related to the Mediterranean Diet. This proposal can enhance the awareness of the loss of this heritage, being a way of spreading and reviving something that has been lost and forgotten.
- Microcimento: normalização e patologia construtivaPublication . Oliveira, José Miguel; Marçal Gonçalves, Marta; Renda, JorgeQuando novos materiais aparecem no mercado, a falta de normalização e uma eventual maior dificuldade na altura da aplicação podem originar patologias. É o caso do microcimento, que é um material de base cimentícia com um tamanho de grão menor que o cimento comum. Em termos comerciais, a designação de microcimento aplica-se a um sistema de materiais multicamadas, em que as argamassas modificadas por polímeros fazem parte e que, no final da aplicação, constituem um único revestimento contínuo. Tem uma espessura total muito fina e está aumentando a cota de mercado, principalmente na execução de revestimentos de pisos, paredes e tetos interiores. O seu uso também ocorre em elementos exteriores, incluindo revestimentos de móveis urbanos e paredes de piscinas. Com base num caso de estudo sobre a aplicação de um revestimento de microcimento, descrevemos as principais anomalias construtivas observadas e identificamos as causas prováveis. Foi realizado um breve estudo dos produtos comercializados em Portugal, bem como uma revisão da bibliografia específica e normalização aplicável. Da análise realizada, verificou-se que grande parte deste material é comercializado em Portugal sem atender aos requisitos da legislação portuguesa e europeia. Além disso, as informações técnicas fornecidas pela maioria dos fabricantes e comerciantes eram insuficientes. A formação prática dos aplicadores também é considerada essencial. Onão cumprimento de determinados requisitos em alguns materiais de construção e seus aplicadores pode levar a uma maior ocorrência de patologias, que, além dos aspetos estéticos, afetarão a funcionalidade, a durabilidade das soluções e a sustentabilidade dos edifícios.
- When agriculture rules over the territory: Drystone wallsPublication . Marçal Gonçalves, Marta; Pérez Cano, M. T.; Rosendahl, S.; Prates, G.; L. Villegas; I. Lombillo; H. Blanco; Y. BofillThe objectives of this paper are mainly the dissemination of knowledge about drystone walls, a “minor heritage”, and the awareness of its importance in the territory characterization. These objectives are achieved when this theme is disclosed and explained. Heritage is protected and appreciated only if it is understood. The expected practical impact is essentially related to the recognition of this type of heritage. The main methodology consists of bibliographical and iconography collection, field surveys and exchange of ideas with the local people. The approach is made from the point of view of how the practiced agriculture characterizes the territory, not only its structure, because is also necessary to know the local typologies of drystone walls to allow to characterize them. Some characteristics of drystone walls were discovered in this investigation, which are directly related to the territory where they are inserted. The following limitations were found: the gradual replacement of drystone walls with masonry walls; changes in the type of agriculture; the difficulty of finding masters who have the know-how about drystone walls; the recognition of this heritage by the local population; and the gradual local population diminution. Practical implications are an improved sense of belonging and identity as the knowledge and appreciation of this heritage increases the pride of the population which was verified in the field surveys. The originality of this paper is the object of study, the Parish of Cernache do Bonjardim, Portugal, since there are very few works about it, also with added value to the dissemination of this type of heritage and its potential exploitation and protection by local population. It is possible to renew theterritory of these walls and use it for touristic, educational and cultural purposes, encouraging the local economy.
- Engineering without Engineers, Architecture without Architects: dry stone wallsPublication . Marçal Gonçalves, Marta; Pérez Cano, María Teresa; Prates, Gonçalo; J. A. Marin Casanova; J. E. González Vallés; Daniel Navas CarrilloDry stone walls, also called loose stone walls, are a consequence of Man's becoming sedentary and his need to obtain food through agriculture. They were built without the help of engineers or architects, however, they demonstrate complex knowledge of construction and implantation in the terrain, depending on environmental conditions and the place where they are inserted, forming a characteristic landscape of each region. It is intended to make a comparison between two Portuguese territories, located in the Centre and in the South of Portugal, with different characteristics, analyzing various typological and natural factors, formed by these walls. This article starts with the characterization of the climate and geology and moves to a comparative analysis of the type of stone and the typology of the walls, to culminate in the differentiation of the landscapes generated in the territories where they are inserted. In order to better know their characteristics, several field visits were made, as well as a photographic and bibliographical collection, cartographic surveys and direct contact with the naturals of the places. It is intended to publish this kind of vernacular heritage and to valorize it, especially for the local population, which, as a rule, does not value this type of heritage and landscapes. Once valued, it will be the local community itself to protect, publicize and exploit them, taking advantage of the sense of place and the sense of attachment that the local population usually presents. On the other hand, inrecognizing the patrimonial, tourist and economic potential of this heritage and landscapes, the populations organize themselves, protecting and maintaining this good. The works in this field of study, in the studied regions, are very scarce or non-existent. From this perspective, this paper has an additional value, being one more work to divulge and promote this heritage.