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- A psicologia positiva no estudo do impacto da crise financeiraPublication . Faleiro, Rafaela Dias Matavelli; Jesus, Saul; Pinto, PatriciaO período de 2007/2008 foi marcado por uma forte crise económica, afetando toda a Europa, os sinais negativos provenientes desta situação perduram até os dias atuais em Portugal. Os estressores económicos, como a dificuldade económica, a ameaça financeira e o bem-estar financeiro, contribuem negativamente para a saúde física e psicológica dos indivíduos, afetando a satisfação com a vida. O objetivo desta investigação visou explorar a influência das variáveis supramencionadas, bem como, encontrar mecanismos que atenuem o impacto negativo desses estressores, através de variáveis ligadas à psicologia positiva, como o suporte emocional, as estratégias de coping e o otimismo. Para o fazer, examinamos os efeitos da crise, que em Portugal, se arrasta até à atualidade. Deste modo, participaram nesta investigação 901 sujeitos, os quais responderam a questionários pré-estabelecidos sobre a crise financeira e situações de vida. Os resultados encontrados permitem-nos dizer que, de uma forma geral, os estressores económicos têm um impacto negativo e significativo na satisfação com a vida, sendo associados a doenças do foro psicológico. A leitura dos resultados mostrou-nos que alguns mecanismos ligados à psicologia positiva, como o suporte emocional, o coping e o otimismo, podem atenuar a relação supramencionada. Neste seguimento, procedemos ao desenvolvimento de um programa prático de intervenção, no âmbito da psicologia positiva, com vista ao fortalecimento das forças e virtudes pessoais dos indivíduos, mesmo em momentos de adversidade. Participaram neste programa 31 sujeitos. Os resultados foram ao encontro do apresentado na literatura existente e das nossas expectativas, sugerindo que o treino das emoções positivas aumenta a satisfação com a vida, em momentos de austeridade, em detrimento do que foi verificado no grupo de controlo.
- Social support as a moderator of the relationship between financial threat and life satisfactionPublication . Matavelli, Rafaela; Jesus, Saúl; Patrícia Valle, Patrícia Oom do Valle; Viseu, J.h Financial crises often lead to an increase of pathological symptoms which have a negative impact on life satisfaction. This study analysed the moderating role of social support on the relationship between perceived financial threat and life satisfaction, during austerity periods. Structural equation modelling (SEM) using multiple-group analysis was used to assess the obtained results. The collected sample was composed by 901 Portuguese individuals, 603 females and 298 males, with an average age of 37 years old. Overall, results indicated a model in which perceived financial threat and social support were negatively and positively associated with life satisfaction, respectively. The moderating effect of social support revealed that in the group with the highest level of support there was a significant decrease in the association between perceived financial threat and life satisfaction, i.e., social support mitigated the negative effects of perceived financial threat on life satisfaction. The implications of these results are discussed.
- Family education and support programme: implementation and cultural adaptation in Cape VerdePublication . Correia, Adriana; Matavelli, Rafaela; Cunha, Francisca Ferreira; Hidalgo, Victoria; Jesus, Saúl; Nunes, C.This article describes some preliminary data on the implementation of the Family Education and Support Programme (FAF) on psychosocially at-risk families of Boavista Island, Cape Verde, specifically in relation to its effectiveness in parenting competences. The FAF is a family intervention programme designed to be integrated into preventive and formative actions and it has the purpose of promoting positive parenting and preventing child abuse. This study aims to (a) describe the participants’ psychosocial profile regarding sociodemographic characteristics and negative or risky life events, (b) analyse the effectiveness of the FAF on improving parenting competences, and (c) address the main procedural topics related to the implementation of the FAF in Cape Verde. An experiential and participatory methodology was used with 66 parents, who participated in 12 group sessions, with a weekly periodicity, for four months. The evaluation was performed, in the pre-test and post-test, with the control group and the intervention group. Results show the effectiveness of the FAF in an African context, including its impact. The intervention group improved their post-intervention scores on perceived efficacy and satisfaction with a moderate and high effect size, respectively. We present some recommendations to be considered in future programs to promote positive parenting, since improvements in parents’ competences, are key to reducing neglectful or abusive situations.
- Coping and social support as moderators: relationship between financial threat and negative psychological outcomesPublication . Viseu, João; Jesus, Saúl; Leal, Ana Rita Cavaco; Pinto, Patrícia; Nunes, Lara Ayala; Matavelli, RafaelaBetween 2011 and 2014 Portugal faced an economic crisis. During a crisis, individuals develop threat perceptions regarding their financial situation. When individuals perceive that their financial situation worsens, negative psychological outcomes emerge. The present study assessed the relationship between financial threat and three negative psychological outcomes (stress, anxiety, and depression), and tested the moderating role of proactive coping and social support, individually and combined, on this relationship. The moderating role of sociodemographic variables (age, gender, marital status, and professional situation) was also considered. A sample of 729 participants, 33.9% males and 66.1% females, was collected online between March–June 2013. Structural equation modeling was used to evaluate the obtained data. Financial threat was positively and significantly associated with stress, anxiety, and depression. Proactive coping moderated the relationship between financial threat and depression. Social support, individually and combined with proactive coping, did not moderate the relationship between financial threat and any of the negative psychological outcomes. Age moderated the relationship between financial threat and stress. The main implications of this study are presented, as well as its limitations and suggestions for future works.