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- The asymmetric use of incentives in Portugal: the example of PRIMEPublication . Vicente Galindo, Purificación; Noronha, Teresa de; Neto, PauloEntre 2000 e 2006 o programa PRIME foi usado como um instrumento político público comum. Apesar de ter sido promovido a nível nacional, serviu também como difusor dos fundos europeus entre o tecido empresarial. O objectivo deste artigo é monitorizar a aplicação deste instrumento de forma a avaliar estrategicamente o sistema das políticas de apoio às empresas, focando a análise com base numa escala regional de forma a identificar alguns eventuais impedimentos para o sucesso das empresas. Metodologicamente observámos a execução financeira de 14910 projectos com informação recolhida do portal oficial do programa PRIME em Portugal. Devido a limitações relacionadas com a informação obtida neste portal, o nosso estudo lida com um número reduzido de variáveis, sendo as seguintes: localização do projecto, ano, actividade industrial, programa financiador, NUT, distrito, investimento e incentivo. No entanto foi possível a aplicação do HOMALS, Cluster e Correspondentes Análises, permitindo conclusões sobre o nível de eficácia do PRIME, incluindo localização e nível de sectores.
- Analysis of regional innovation performance in Portugal – results from an external logistic biplot methodPublication . Vicente Galindo, Purificación; Noronha, Teresa de; Nijkamp, Peter; Vaz, EricPortuguese strategic choices regarding innovation and R&D policy have, over the past two decades, produced various positive achievements, in which the regions of Lisbon and Algarve have taken the lead, and are the only ones in the country to converge towards the European average growth rate. Regarding the other Portuguese regions – despite significant national growth rates in the 1990s as well as a successful attempt to cope with the EMU –, these are lagging behind the EU average with respect to gross production, investment or employment generation. Meanwhile, one of the greatest public policy efforts was to diffuse much of the European funds across the entrepreneurial sector. After a long pathway, it is now timely to evaluate the firms‟ contribution to national and regional growth, their obstacles and impacts. For the purpose of this paper, innovation is used here as a major contributor to the policy evaluation process referred to above. Our investigation aims to explain the present performance of Portuguese firms located throughout the country and to explore those innovation determinants that have a region-specific connotation. To provide a thorough investigation, our analysis defines, on a regional basis, a set of firms‟ behavioural patterns regarding innovation. In our modelling, we employ a new methodology, viz. the External Logistic Biplot method, which is applied to an extensive sample of innovative institutions in Portugal. Variables such as „Promoting knowledge‟, „Management skills‟, „Promoting R&D‟, „Knowledge transfer‟, „Promoting partnership & cooperation‟, and „Orientation of public measures‟ have been identified as crucial determinants in earlier studies and are now used to describe regional institutional profiles. Such profiles exhibit a great variety in the way they combine these determinants to promote regional innovation. The creation of a gradient of capacity to dynamically innovate associated with each firm makes it possible to analyse the innovation gradient of each region in Portugal. Our paper presents and systematically investigates these findings and then reaches some policy conclusions.
- Regional distribution of public incentives for firms support in PortugalPublication . Vicente Galindo, Purificacion; Noronha, Teresa dePRIME is one of the best example support system because it has been indirectly financed by European founds while fully structured as a Portuguese policy instrument for support to the modernization of the entrepreneurial tissue. Further than the goal earlier pointed out, this paper has a dual aim: firstly, to supply an exploratory survey on the patterns of asymmetric use of the financing systems provided by the E.C. and, secondly, to emphasize the north/south endemic dichotomy existing in the country – a path dependence trend that should concern Portuguese policy makers deeper then it does. Methodologically, we have observed the financing execution of 14910 projects, collected from the official information portal of PRIME in Portugal. Due to limitations related to the information sources of the portal our study deals with a reduced number of variables: project location, year, industrial activity, financial program, NUT, district, investment and incentive. Nevertheless, the application of HOMALS, Cluster and Correspondence Analyses was possible, allowing conclusions about the level of effectiveness of PRIME across, both, location and sectors levels.
- Modelling innovation support systems for regional development - analysis of cluster structures in innovation in PortugalPublication . Vaz, Eric; de Noronha Vaz, Teresa; Vicente Galindo, Purificación; Nijkamp, PeterThe present article offers a concise theoretical conceptualization and operational analysis of the contribution of innovation to regional development. The latter concepts are closely related to geographical proximity, knowledge diffusion and filters and clustering. Institutional innovation profiles and regional patterns of innovation are two mutually linked, novel conceptual elements in this article. Next to a theoretical framing, the article employs the regional innovation systems concept as a vehicle to analyse institutional innovation profiles. Our case study addresses three Portuguese regions and their institutions, included in a web-based inventory of innovation agencies which offered the foundation for an extensive database. This data-set was analysed by means of a recently developed principal coordinates analysis followed by a Logistic Biplot approach (leading to a Voronoi mapping) to design a systemic typology of innovation structures where each institution is individually represented. There appears to be a significant difference in the regional innovation patterns resulting from the diverse institutional innovation profiles concerned. These profiles appear to be region specific. Our conclusion highlights the main advantages in the use of the method used for policy-makers and business companies.
- Regional innovation performances of firms in PortugalPublication . Vicente Galindo, Purificación; Noronha, Teresa de; Nijkamp, Peter; Vaz, EricPortuguese strategic choices on innovation and R&D have led, over the past two decades, to an improved situation of positive achievements, in which the regions of Lisbon and Algarve have taken the lead and are the only ones in the country to converge towards the European average growth rate. Regarding the other Portuguese regions – despite significant national growth rates in the 1990s as well as a successful attempt to cope with the EMU –, these are lagging behind the EU average in what concerns gross production, investment or employment generation. Meanwhile, one of the greatest public policy efforts was to diffuse much of the European funds across the entrepreneurial tissue. After a long pathway, it is now timely to evaluate the firms’ contribution to national and regional growth, their obstacles and impacts.