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Atividade biológica do sumo de Punica granatum L. da variedade "Assaria"
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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
Punica granatum L. é um dos frutos comestíveis mais antigos conhecidos, sendo um fruto referenciado em várias culturas e religiões, sendo usada como método terapêutico para diversos problemas de saúde ou como simbolismo. Na atualidade, o desenvolvimento científico veio revelar os metabolitos ativos presentes na romã, que vieram comprovar o facto de ser uma fruta especial. A ancestralidade e diversidade de regiões e climas em que a romã pode ser encontrada, levou a que se desenvolvessem fenótipos diferentes de romãs, fazendo com que surgissem enormes variedades de romãs. A variedade “Assaria” é a variedade de romã endémica da região sul de Portugal.
O objetivo deste trabalho consiste em fazer a quantificação de alguns metabolitos ativos presentes no sumo de romãs da variedade “Assaria”, nomeadamente a quantidade de antocianinas e de fenóis totais, assim como verificar o seu potencial antioxidante e anti-inflamatório.
Os métodos utilizados são todos eles baseados espectrofotometria. Para a determinação de antocianinas monoméricas foi utilizado um método de variação de pH, para a determinação de fenóis totais utilizou-se o método de Folin-Ciocalteu; para a atividade antioxidante utilizou-se o método de captação de radicais libres de ABTS; e para a atividade anti-inflamatória analisou-se a capacidade na inibição de monóxido de azoto (NO) usando um método baseado na reação de Griess.
Os resultados obtidos foram, para a concentração de antocianinas monoméricas totais no sumo variaram entre 50,0 ± 4,2 e 732 ± 90 mg cyn3-Gluc/L, e por 100g de fruto foi de 0,646 ± 0,013 mg cyn3-Gluc/100g de fruto a 11,535 ± 0,064 mg cyn3-Gluc/100g de fruto. O conteúdo em fenóis totais compreendeu-se entre 485,8 ± 0,0 mg GAE/L a 2023 ± 100 mg GAE/L e 4,63 ± 0,00mg GAE/ 100g de fruto a 29,86 ± 0,77 mg GAE/100g de fruto. A atividade antioxidante observou-se com uma variação entre 50,7 ± 3,2 mmol TEAC/L a 350 ± 47 mmol TEAC/L, e por peso de fruto 0,494 ± 0,035 mmol TEAC/100g de fruto a 6,70 ± 0,89 mmol TEAC/100g de fruto, sendo que se determinou também o IC50 entre 0,2225 ± 0,0055 mg/mL e 1,279 ± 0,040 mg/mL. Por fim, a inibição de NO observada para a atividade anti-inflamatória foi de 42,9 ± 2,8% a 69,2 ± 2,4% para amostras com uma diluição de 1:2.
Desta forma, tendo em conta os resultados pode-se verificar que existe uma variabilidade significativa entre as amostras testadas em relação ao seu conteúdo em fenóis e antocianinas. Conseguiu-se constatar que as amostras apresentam capacidade antioxidante e anti-inflamatória, embora seja necessário um estudo mais aprofundado para que a importância farmacológica seja consolidada.
Punica granatum L. is one of the oldest known edible fruits, being a fruit referred in several cultures and religions, as a therapeutic method for several health problems, or as a symbolism. In the current time, the scientific developments revealed that the active metabolites present in pomegranates, proving the fact that it is indeed a special fruit. The ancestry and diversity of regions and climates in which pomegranates could be found, lead to the development of different pomegranate phenotypes, that caused an enormous quantity of pomegranates cultivars to emerge. The “Assaria” cultivar is the endemic cultivar from the south region of Portugal. The aim of this study is to quantify some of the active metabolites present in the “Assaria” cultivar juice, namely, the anthocyanins and the total phenol content, as well as analyzing its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory potential. The methods used are based in spectrophotometry. For the quantification of total monomeric anthocyanins was used a pH variation method; for the total phenolic content determination it was used the Folin-Ciocalteu assay; for the antioxidant activity assessment it was used a free radical scavenging assay using ABTS; and the anti-inflammatory was assessed the pomegranate juice’s ability to inhibit nitrogen monoxide (NO) using a method based on Griess reaction. The results obtained for the total monomeric anthocyanins of the juice vary in between 50,0 ± 4,2 and 732 ± 90 mg cyn3-Gluc/L, and for 100g of fruit weight was 0,646 ± 0,013 mg cyn3-Gluc/100g of fruit weight and 11,535 ± 0,064 mg cyn3-Gluc/100g of fruit weight. The total phenol content fluctuated between 485,8 ± 0,0 mg GAE/L and 2023 ± 100 mg GAE/L, and 4,63 ± 0,00mg GAE/100g of fruit weight and 29,86 ± 0,77 mg GAE/ 100g of fruit weight. For the antioxidant activity assessment it was observed a variation within 50,7 ± 3,2 mmol TEAC/L and 350 ± 47 mmol TEAC/L, and accounting the fruit’s weight 0,494 ± 0,035 mmol TEAC/100g of fruit weight until 6,70 ± 0,89 mmol TEAC/100g of fruit weight. It was determined as well the IC50 for the antioxidant activity, which exhibited values in the middle of 0,2225 ± 0,0055 mg/mL and 1,279 ± 0,040 mg/mL. And for the NO inhibition observed for the anti-inflammatory activity evaluation was among 42,9 ± 2,8% and 69,2 ± 2,4%, for samples used with a dilution of 1:2. Thus, according the results obtained it was possible de verify the existence of a significative variability amongst samples for its total phenol and anthocyanins content. It was also possible to verify that the samples tested exhibit an antioxidant and anti-inflammatory abilities, although it is necessary to a deeper study to consummate its pharmacological importance.
Punica granatum L. is one of the oldest known edible fruits, being a fruit referred in several cultures and religions, as a therapeutic method for several health problems, or as a symbolism. In the current time, the scientific developments revealed that the active metabolites present in pomegranates, proving the fact that it is indeed a special fruit. The ancestry and diversity of regions and climates in which pomegranates could be found, lead to the development of different pomegranate phenotypes, that caused an enormous quantity of pomegranates cultivars to emerge. The “Assaria” cultivar is the endemic cultivar from the south region of Portugal. The aim of this study is to quantify some of the active metabolites present in the “Assaria” cultivar juice, namely, the anthocyanins and the total phenol content, as well as analyzing its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory potential. The methods used are based in spectrophotometry. For the quantification of total monomeric anthocyanins was used a pH variation method; for the total phenolic content determination it was used the Folin-Ciocalteu assay; for the antioxidant activity assessment it was used a free radical scavenging assay using ABTS; and the anti-inflammatory was assessed the pomegranate juice’s ability to inhibit nitrogen monoxide (NO) using a method based on Griess reaction. The results obtained for the total monomeric anthocyanins of the juice vary in between 50,0 ± 4,2 and 732 ± 90 mg cyn3-Gluc/L, and for 100g of fruit weight was 0,646 ± 0,013 mg cyn3-Gluc/100g of fruit weight and 11,535 ± 0,064 mg cyn3-Gluc/100g of fruit weight. The total phenol content fluctuated between 485,8 ± 0,0 mg GAE/L and 2023 ± 100 mg GAE/L, and 4,63 ± 0,00mg GAE/100g of fruit weight and 29,86 ± 0,77 mg GAE/ 100g of fruit weight. For the antioxidant activity assessment it was observed a variation within 50,7 ± 3,2 mmol TEAC/L and 350 ± 47 mmol TEAC/L, and accounting the fruit’s weight 0,494 ± 0,035 mmol TEAC/100g of fruit weight until 6,70 ± 0,89 mmol TEAC/100g of fruit weight. It was determined as well the IC50 for the antioxidant activity, which exhibited values in the middle of 0,2225 ± 0,0055 mg/mL and 1,279 ± 0,040 mg/mL. And for the NO inhibition observed for the anti-inflammatory activity evaluation was among 42,9 ± 2,8% and 69,2 ± 2,4%, for samples used with a dilution of 1:2. Thus, according the results obtained it was possible de verify the existence of a significative variability amongst samples for its total phenol and anthocyanins content. It was also possible to verify that the samples tested exhibit an antioxidant and anti-inflammatory abilities, although it is necessary to a deeper study to consummate its pharmacological importance.
Description
Keywords
Punica granatum Romã Antocianinas Fenóis Atividade antioxidante Atividade anti-inflamatória