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Estudo de seroprevalência de anticorpos anti-SARS-CoV-2 no concelho de Mora
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Abstract(s)
Em dezembro de 2019, na China, registaram-se os primeiros casos de infeção pelo novo coronavírus, que se veio a espalhar por todo o mundo pondo em causa a saú-de e a vida da humanidade. A pandemia foi declarada pela OMS a 11 de março de 2020.
As estatísticas do número de casos confirmados e óbitos são ferramentas essen-ciais para monitorizar a propagação da doença, no entanto, sabe-se que não refletem o real impacto da mesma. Acontece que, um grande número de casos não é detetado por serem casos assintomáticos, paucissintomáticos ou simplesmente não serem testados.
Neste contexto, os estudos de seroprevalência revelam elevada importância para estimar o número de pessoas que foram expostas ao vírus e para avaliar a proporção da população que já poderá ter desenvolvido anticorpos contra o SARS-CoV-2 numa área específica, podendo estar potencialmente protegidas contra infeções subsequentes.
Os primeiros dois casos confirmados de infeção pelo SARS-CoV-2 em Portugal ocorreram a dia 1 de março de 2020, no Porto e em Lisboa. Relativamente à vila de Mo-ra situada no distrito de Évora, sabe-se que os primeiros casos identificados de COVID-19 foram registados no dia 2 de agosto de 2020. Em sequência desenvolveu-se um surto no concelho, que segundo se sabe, terá incluído 62 pessoas.
Realizou-se um estudo de seroprevalência nesta população, a fim de perceber, se os indivíduos que testaram positivo desenvolveram anticorpos, dos que não testaram positivo quantos contactaram o vírus e, até que ponto a passagem do vírus levou à imu-nização da população. Para este estudo, usaram-se testes rápidos de deteção de anticor-pos anti-SARS-CoV-2 qualitativos.
Participaram 272 pessoas, tendo-se registado uma idade média de 46,6 ± 18,7 anos, sendo que o género mais prevalente foi o feminino. A maioria dos participantes era de nacionalidade portuguesa e declarou-se no ativo relativamente à situação profis-sional.
Concluiu-se que a maioria dos participantes que tinha testado positivo no teste RT-PCR, adquiriu imunidade que foi confirmada através da realização do teste rápido serológico e da deteção de imunoglobulinas. Além disso, também foi possível detetar participantes que provavelmente estiveram em contacto com o vírus, sem que tenham tido conhecimento. Estima-se que cerca de um terço das pessoas que contactaram o ví-rus terão sido testadas positivas para a infeção.
In December 2019, in China, the first cases of infection by the new coronavírus where registered, which came to spread throughout the world, questioning the health and life of humanity. The pandemic was declared by WHO on March 11, 2020. Statistics on the number of confirmed cases and deaths are essential tools to mo-nitor the spread of the disease, however, it is known that they do not reflect its real im-pact. It turns out that a large number of cases are not detected because they are asymp-tomatic, paucissymptomatic or simply not tested. In this context, seroprevalence studies show high importance to estimate the number of people who have been exposed to the virus and to assess the proportion of the population that may have already developed antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 in a specific area. potentially protected against subsequent infections. The first two confirmed cases of SARS-CoV-2 infection in Portugal occurred on March 1, 2020, in Porto and Lisbon. Regarding the village of Mora located in the dis-trict of Évora, it is known that the first diagnosed cases of COVID-19 were registered on August 2, 2020. As a result, an outbreak developed in the municipality, which, ac-cording to what is known, will have included 62 people. A seroprevalence study was carried out in this population, in order to understand if the individuals who tested positive developed antibodies, from those who did not test positive how many were infected, and how far the passage of the virus led to population immunization. For this study, rapid tests to detect qualitative anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibo-dies were used. A total of 272 participants were obtained, with a mean age of 46.6 ± 18.7 years, with the most prevalent gender being the feminine. Most of the participants were Portu-guese and declared themselves active according to their professional situation. In conclusion, the majority of participants who had tested positive in the RT-PCR test, acquired immunity that was confirmed by performing the rapid serological test and detection of immunoglobulins. Furthermore, it was also possible to detect parti-cipants who were probably in contact with the vírus, without being aware of it. It is es-timated that about a third of people who have contacted the vírus will have tested posi-tive for the infection.
In December 2019, in China, the first cases of infection by the new coronavírus where registered, which came to spread throughout the world, questioning the health and life of humanity. The pandemic was declared by WHO on March 11, 2020. Statistics on the number of confirmed cases and deaths are essential tools to mo-nitor the spread of the disease, however, it is known that they do not reflect its real im-pact. It turns out that a large number of cases are not detected because they are asymp-tomatic, paucissymptomatic or simply not tested. In this context, seroprevalence studies show high importance to estimate the number of people who have been exposed to the virus and to assess the proportion of the population that may have already developed antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 in a specific area. potentially protected against subsequent infections. The first two confirmed cases of SARS-CoV-2 infection in Portugal occurred on March 1, 2020, in Porto and Lisbon. Regarding the village of Mora located in the dis-trict of Évora, it is known that the first diagnosed cases of COVID-19 were registered on August 2, 2020. As a result, an outbreak developed in the municipality, which, ac-cording to what is known, will have included 62 people. A seroprevalence study was carried out in this population, in order to understand if the individuals who tested positive developed antibodies, from those who did not test positive how many were infected, and how far the passage of the virus led to population immunization. For this study, rapid tests to detect qualitative anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibo-dies were used. A total of 272 participants were obtained, with a mean age of 46.6 ± 18.7 years, with the most prevalent gender being the feminine. Most of the participants were Portu-guese and declared themselves active according to their professional situation. In conclusion, the majority of participants who had tested positive in the RT-PCR test, acquired immunity that was confirmed by performing the rapid serological test and detection of immunoglobulins. Furthermore, it was also possible to detect parti-cipants who were probably in contact with the vírus, without being aware of it. It is es-timated that about a third of people who have contacted the vírus will have tested posi-tive for the infection.
Description
Keywords
Coronavírus SARS-CoV-2 Infeção COVID-19 Seroprevalência Imunoglobulinas