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Resiliência e autoconceito de competência em crianças e jovens institucionalizados e não institucionalizados
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Abstract(s)
O presente estudo teve como objetivo analisar a resiliência e o autoconceito de competência em jovens institucionalizados, comparando-os com um grupo de jovens não institucionalizados. Pretendeu-se ainda averiguar a existência de estatuto de risco nos jovens não institucionalizados de forma a aferir a presença de resiliência neste grupo, tendo em consideração a vulnerabilidade e a presença de risco na adolescência.
Participaram neste estudo descritivo-correlacional, 171 crianças e jovens (N = 171), com idades entre os 13 e os 18 anos (M = 16,15; DP = 1,13). Esta amostra é constituída por dois grupos amostrais, 89 jovens institucionalizados e 82 jovens não institucionalizados.
Foram selecionados vários instrumentos, entre eles, um questionário sociodemográfico contruído pela investigadora, a Escala Healthy Kids Resilience Assessment Module (versão 6.0) adaptada por Martins (2005), a Escala de Autoconceito de Competência (EACC) adaptada à população portuguesa por Faria e Santos (1998) e a Lista de Verificação do Estatuto de Risco, adaptada por Abreu e Xavier (2006).
Os resultados gerais indicam: (i) que relativamente à resiliência não existem diferenças significativas entre os dois grupos da amostra, contudo as crianças e jovens não institucionalizados apresentam valores ligeiramente superiores; (ii) quanto à variável autoconceito de competência é possível observar diferenças significativas entre os dois grupos, no grupo de crianças e jovens não institucionalizados os valores são mais elevados; (iii) existe uma correlação positiva, de magnitude forte, entre a resiliência e o autoconceito de competência nos participantes institucionalizados; (iv) não foram encontradas associações estatisticamente significativas entre a lista de Estatuto de Risco, a resiliência e ao autoconceito de competência no grupo de participantes não institucionalizados; (v) é possível prever que 61% da variabilidade dos traços de resiliência através dos External Assets, a Sofisticação na Aprendizagem e a Cooperação Social, sendo que todas as variáveis contribuem de forma positiva para os traços de resiliência.
The aim of this study is to analyze the resilience and self-concept of competence in institutionalized youth, comparing them with a non-institutionalized youth group. Also, it intended to ascertain the existence of status risk in non-institutionalized young, to assess the presence of resilience in this group, considering in adolescence the vulnerability and the presence of risk. 171 children and young people (N = 171), aged between 13 and 18 years old, had participated in this descriptive-correlational study (M = 16.15; SD = 1.13). The sample is divided in of two sample groups, 89 institutionalized youth and 82 non-institutionalized youth. In order to obtain results, several instruments were selected, among them, a sociodemographic questionnaire built by the researcher, the Healthy Kids Resilience Assessment Module Scale (version 6.0) adapted by Martins (2005), the Competence Self-Concept Scale (EACC) adapted to Portuguese population by Faria and Santos (1998) and the Risk Status Checklist, adapted by Abreu and Xavier (2006). The general results indicate: (i) In relation to resilience there are no significant differences between these two groups, however children and young people who are not institutionalized have slightly higher values; (ii) regarding the self-concept variable of competence, it is possible to observe significant differences between the two groups; in the group not institutionalized children and young, the values are higher; (iii) there is a positive correlation, of strong magnitude, between resilience and the self-concept of competence in institutionalized participants; (iv) no statistically significant associations were found between the list of Risk Statutes, resilience and the self-concept of competence in the group of non-institutionalized participants; (v) it is possible to predict that 61% of the variability of resilience traits through External Assets, Sophistication in Learning and Social Cooperation, with all variables contributing positively to the resilience traits.
The aim of this study is to analyze the resilience and self-concept of competence in institutionalized youth, comparing them with a non-institutionalized youth group. Also, it intended to ascertain the existence of status risk in non-institutionalized young, to assess the presence of resilience in this group, considering in adolescence the vulnerability and the presence of risk. 171 children and young people (N = 171), aged between 13 and 18 years old, had participated in this descriptive-correlational study (M = 16.15; SD = 1.13). The sample is divided in of two sample groups, 89 institutionalized youth and 82 non-institutionalized youth. In order to obtain results, several instruments were selected, among them, a sociodemographic questionnaire built by the researcher, the Healthy Kids Resilience Assessment Module Scale (version 6.0) adapted by Martins (2005), the Competence Self-Concept Scale (EACC) adapted to Portuguese population by Faria and Santos (1998) and the Risk Status Checklist, adapted by Abreu and Xavier (2006). The general results indicate: (i) In relation to resilience there are no significant differences between these two groups, however children and young people who are not institutionalized have slightly higher values; (ii) regarding the self-concept variable of competence, it is possible to observe significant differences between the two groups; in the group not institutionalized children and young, the values are higher; (iii) there is a positive correlation, of strong magnitude, between resilience and the self-concept of competence in institutionalized participants; (iv) no statistically significant associations were found between the list of Risk Statutes, resilience and the self-concept of competence in the group of non-institutionalized participants; (v) it is possible to predict that 61% of the variability of resilience traits through External Assets, Sophistication in Learning and Social Cooperation, with all variables contributing positively to the resilience traits.
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Keywords
Resiliência Autoconceito de competência Institucionalização Adolescência Vulnerabilidade Risco Crianças Jovens