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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
In the present research Time-resolved Reflectance Spectroscopy (TRS) technique was tested to detect some
internal defects in different apple cultivars. The absorption (μa) and the reduced scattering (μs’) coefficients
were measured at different wavelengths in ‘Braeburn’ (mealiness), ‘Granny Smith’ (internal browning)
and ‘Fuji’ (watercore) apples. Afterwards, each fruit of ‘Granny Smith’ and ‘Fuji’ were cut and evaluated
for internal defects. ‘Braeburn’ apples were submitted to sensory analysis (firm, crispy, mealy and juicy),
percent juice and relative intercellular space volume (RISV) determinations. In addition, for ‘Granny Smith’,
the colour of the pulp was measured. ‘Granny Smith’ sound fruits on average showed μa750=0.029 cm-1
and μs’750=12.2 cm-1; with the development of internal browning, μa750 increased to values >0.04 cm-1
and μs’750 decreased to values <10 cm-1 in severely affected fruit. Non-mealy ‘Braeburn’ apples were
characterized by significantly lower μs’790, μs’912 and higher μa912 than mealy ones. Sensory mealiness
was positively related to μs’790 and μs’912 and negatively to μa912. The regions of ‘Fuji’ apples affected
by watercore showed significantly higher μa790 and lower μs’790 values than the healthy regions. Results
confirm the suitability of the TRS technique to inspect apples for internal defects, highlighting the need of
determining the TRS threshold values as well as the number of measurement points specific to the cultivar
and disorder.
Description
Proceedings of the International Conference “Environmentally friendly and safe
technologies for quality of fruit and vegetables”, held in Universidade do Algarve, Faro,
Portugal, on January 14-16, 2009. This Conference was a join activity with COST Action 924.
Keywords
Absorption coefficient Internal browning Mealiness Scattering coefficient Watercore