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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
Água é uma das necessidades básicas do ser humano. Os recursos de água doce estão quase esgotados e a competição tem-se tornado entre os vários utilizadores de água um recurso limitado. Vários utilizadores tem vindo a utilizar os recursos de água doce e para tal, uma gestão e estratégias próprias na sua utilização tem de ser implementadas para poderem gerir e conservar este recurso. Os planos de gestão devem incluir todos os utilizadores deste recurso. O preço da água é um dos processos úteis na gestão dos recursos de água.
Estudos recentes têm vindo a ser desenvolvidos no reservatório de Kandalama no Sri Lanka (70 52’28.34” N; 800 42’13.49” E) considerando dois utilizadores de água, os agricultores e os pescadores. A avaliação da água foi realizada separadamente nestes dois sectores para a estação “yala” (uma das principais estações de cultivo entre Abril e Setembro) em 2006. Os dados foram adquiridos através de questionários detalhados acompanhados por visitas regulares ao campo. A avaliação da água foi feita através do uso de um método residual com uma a avaliação económica de custo e produção detalhada.
Arroz, batata doce e feijão de soja foram as principais colheitas cultivadas durante esta estação. Como os custos e a produção foram diferentes entre estas colheitas a avaliação da água foi realizada separadamente. Os resultados mostraram que o maior e menor retorno económico e financeiro da água foi registado na batata doce e no arroz. Foram também estimados os retornos económicos e financeiros da água mas neste caso no uso na pesca.
Todos os utilizadores de água contribuem para a economia local consequentemente, os gestores políticos devem tentar distribuir a água considerando todos os seus usuários. Estudos futuros são necessários para poderem incorporar todos os usuários e para aumentar a produtividade da água.
Water is one of the basic needs of the human being. Freshwater resources are almost over exploited and competition has begun among various water users for these limited resources. Multiple-users are being utilized these systems and proper management strategies are needed to manage and conserve these resources. The management plans should be addressed all the users of the system. Valuing water is one of the useful processes to cope the water resources. Present study was carried out in Kandalama reservoir in Sri Lanka (70 52’28.34” N; 800 42’13.49” E) considering two water users i.e. agricultural users and fisheries users. Valuation of water was done separately for these two sectors for “yala” season (one of the main cultivating season from April to September) in 2006. The data collection was done by a detailed questionnaire survey followed by regular field visits. Water valuation was carried out using a residual method with a comprehensive economic evaluation of costs and productions. Paddy, sweet potato and soya bean were the crops mainly cultivated during this season. As the costs and production were different among these crops the water valuation was done separately. The results showed that the highest and lowest economic and financial returns to the water were recorded from sweet potato and paddy. Mean time the economic returns and financial returns to water by fisheries were also estimated. All the water users contribute local economy therefore; policy makers should make attempts to allocate water considering all the water users. Further studies are needed to incorporate all the users and to increase the productivity of the water resource.
Water is one of the basic needs of the human being. Freshwater resources are almost over exploited and competition has begun among various water users for these limited resources. Multiple-users are being utilized these systems and proper management strategies are needed to manage and conserve these resources. The management plans should be addressed all the users of the system. Valuing water is one of the useful processes to cope the water resources. Present study was carried out in Kandalama reservoir in Sri Lanka (70 52’28.34” N; 800 42’13.49” E) considering two water users i.e. agricultural users and fisheries users. Valuation of water was done separately for these two sectors for “yala” season (one of the main cultivating season from April to September) in 2006. The data collection was done by a detailed questionnaire survey followed by regular field visits. Water valuation was carried out using a residual method with a comprehensive economic evaluation of costs and productions. Paddy, sweet potato and soya bean were the crops mainly cultivated during this season. As the costs and production were different among these crops the water valuation was done separately. The results showed that the highest and lowest economic and financial returns to the water were recorded from sweet potato and paddy. Mean time the economic returns and financial returns to water by fisheries were also estimated. All the water users contribute local economy therefore; policy makers should make attempts to allocate water considering all the water users. Further studies are needed to incorporate all the users and to increase the productivity of the water resource.
Description
Dissertação de Mestrado, Gestão da Água e da Costa, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade do Algarve, 2007
Keywords
Teses Água Avaliação Agricultura Irrigação Pescas Sri Lanka