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Estudo comparativo entre jovens-adultos com e sem história de tentativas de suicídio
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Abstract(s)
Nos jovens, o suicídio continua a ser um problema de saúde pública preocupante.
A vulnerabilidade para a ideação suicida inclui a ausência de suporte social e a presença de fatores psicológicos de risco para a ideação suicida, segundo os modelos teóricos. Além disso, a história de tentativas de suicídio parece aumentar o risco de suicídio.
O presente estudo teve como principal objetivo comparar os fatores de risco e de proteção em jovens com e sem história de tentativas de suicídio.
A amostra total foi constituída por 44 jovens adultos, com idades compreendidas entre os 18 e os 29 anos (M=20,8; DP= 3,3). Esta amostra foi dividida em dois grupos: Grupo com história de tentativas de suicídio (n=22) e Grupo Normativo (n=22). Em ambas as amostras avaliou-se a sintomatologia depressiva, ansiedade e stresse, satisfação com o suporte social, história de adversidade na infância e a ideação suicida.
Os resultados mostraram que o grupo com história de tentativas de suicídio, vivenciou mais acontecimentos adversos na infância e apresentou valores mais elevados de ansiedade, depressão e stresse em comparação ao grupo normativo. Os resultados também mostraram uma menor satisfação com o suporte social nos jovens adultos com história de tentativas de suicídio.
Concluiu-se assim que a ideação suicida, o stresse, a ansiedade e a depressão e os acontecimentos adversos na infância se constituem como fatores de risco para o comportamento suicidário. Ao nível dos fatores protetores, concluiu-se que a satisfação com o suporte social tem influência no comportamento suicidário.
Realça-se, assim, a importância de integrar estes fatores em programas de prevenção e intervenção face ao suicídio para uma melhor eficácia.
In young adults, suicide remains a worrying public health problem. Vulnerability to suicidal ideation includes the absence of social support and the presence of psychological risk factors for suicidal ideation, according to the theoretical models. Besides this, the history of suicide attempts seems to increase the risk for suicide. The present study aimed to compare the risk and protection factors in young adults with and without history of suicide attempts. The final sample had 44 young adults, with ages between 18 and 29 years (M=20,8; DP= 3,3). This sample was divided in two separate groups: one group with history of suicide attempts (n=22) and a normative group. In both samples depressive symptomatology, anxiety and stress, satisfaction with social support, history of childhood adverse experiences and suicide ideation were evaluated. The results showed that the group with history of suicide attempts experienced more adverse events during childhood, higher levels of anxiety, depression and stress comparing to the normative group. The results also showed less satisfaction with social support in young adults with a history of suicide attempts. Is conclusion, suicidal ideation, stress, anxiety, depression and adverse childhood experiences are risk factors for suicidal behavior. For protection factors, it was possible to conclude that the satisfaction with the social support has and influence in suicidal behavior. This shows the relevance of including these factors in suicide prevention and intervention programs for a better effectiveness.
In young adults, suicide remains a worrying public health problem. Vulnerability to suicidal ideation includes the absence of social support and the presence of psychological risk factors for suicidal ideation, according to the theoretical models. Besides this, the history of suicide attempts seems to increase the risk for suicide. The present study aimed to compare the risk and protection factors in young adults with and without history of suicide attempts. The final sample had 44 young adults, with ages between 18 and 29 years (M=20,8; DP= 3,3). This sample was divided in two separate groups: one group with history of suicide attempts (n=22) and a normative group. In both samples depressive symptomatology, anxiety and stress, satisfaction with social support, history of childhood adverse experiences and suicide ideation were evaluated. The results showed that the group with history of suicide attempts experienced more adverse events during childhood, higher levels of anxiety, depression and stress comparing to the normative group. The results also showed less satisfaction with social support in young adults with a history of suicide attempts. Is conclusion, suicidal ideation, stress, anxiety, depression and adverse childhood experiences are risk factors for suicidal behavior. For protection factors, it was possible to conclude that the satisfaction with the social support has and influence in suicidal behavior. This shows the relevance of including these factors in suicide prevention and intervention programs for a better effectiveness.
Description
Keywords
Ideação suicida Jovens-adultos Suporte social Adversidade na infância