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Publication
Avaliação da intervenção do farmacêutico no tratamento das dislipidemias
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Abstract(s)
As doenças cardiovasculares são a principal causa de mortalidade a nível mundial e em Portugal e, por isso, a redução dos fatores de risco a elas associadas, constituem um fator importante para evitar a ocorrência deste tipo de doenças.
A hipercolesterolemia representa um dos fatores de risco para as doenças cardiovasculares e com uma prevalência de 47% em Portugal. O farmacêutico, enquanto profissional de saúde, privilegia do contacto direto com o doente, podendo intervir com o objetivo de instruir o utente na adoção de medidas eficazes no que diz respeito ao aperfeiçoamento do seu perfil lipídico.
Pretendeu-se, com este trabalho, avaliar a intervenção do farmacêutico no tratamento da dislipidemia, de forma a verificar até que ponto a abordagem do farmacêutico ao utente pode ser benéfica no que diz respeito aos níveis lipídicos a atingir no intervalo dos valores de referência de forma a reduzir a probabilidade de ocorrência de um evento cardiovascular.
Foram analisados 12 estudos publicados relacionados com a abordagem da intervenção do farmacêutico na dislipidemia. Nos diferentes estudos, foi seguida a evolução dos níveis lipídicos de colesterol total, colesterol LDL (low density lipoproteins) (c-LDL), triglicéridos e colesterol HDL (high density lipoproteins) (c-HDL) de pacientes divididos em grupos de intervenção e grupos controlo, sendo que o primeiro grupo recebeu intervenção e cuidados farmacêuticos, enquanto que ao grupo controlo não foi prestada qualquer intervenção.
De uma forma geral, verificou-se que os grupos alvo de intervenção farmacêutica sofreram uma redução mais significativa dos seus parâmetros lipídicos iniciais de CT, c-LDL e TG em comparação com os grupos controlo. Por outro lado, os níveis séricos iniciais de c-HDL não sofreram a evolução preconizada, o seu aumento, mas pelo contrário, na maioria dos estudos, esses níveis mantiveram-se ou reduziram.
Cardiovascular diseases are the main cause of mortality worldwide and in Portugal, and, the reduction of risk factors associated with them, constitute an important factor to prevent the occurrence of this type of disease. Hypercholesterolemia represents one of the risk factors for cardiovascular disease and the prevalence in Portugal is 47%. The pharmacist, as a health professional, privileges the direct contact with patient, being able to intervein with the aim of explain the importance of adoption effective strategies with objective to improve his lipid profile. With this work developed, we intend to evaluate the pharmacist's intervention in the treatment of dyslipidemia, in order to verify how the pharmacist's approach to the user can be beneficial in order to reach the range of recommended lipid levels, and so, reducing the chance of a cardiovascular event. Twelve published studies on the pharmacist's approach to dyslipidemia were analyzed. In the different studies, the evolution of lipid levels of total cholesterol, cholesterol LDL (low density lipoproteins) (c-LDL), triglyrecides and cholesterol HDL (high density lipoproteis) (c-HDL) of patients was divided into intervention groups and control groups, with the first group receiving intervention and pharmaceutical care, while in the control group there was no intervention provided. In general, it was found that groups with pharmaceutical intervention had a more significant reduction of their initial lipid level of TC, c-LDL and TG compared to the control groups. However, the initial serum levels of c-HDL did not have the recommended evolution, which would be their increase, meanwhile, in most studies, these levels remained or decreased.
Cardiovascular diseases are the main cause of mortality worldwide and in Portugal, and, the reduction of risk factors associated with them, constitute an important factor to prevent the occurrence of this type of disease. Hypercholesterolemia represents one of the risk factors for cardiovascular disease and the prevalence in Portugal is 47%. The pharmacist, as a health professional, privileges the direct contact with patient, being able to intervein with the aim of explain the importance of adoption effective strategies with objective to improve his lipid profile. With this work developed, we intend to evaluate the pharmacist's intervention in the treatment of dyslipidemia, in order to verify how the pharmacist's approach to the user can be beneficial in order to reach the range of recommended lipid levels, and so, reducing the chance of a cardiovascular event. Twelve published studies on the pharmacist's approach to dyslipidemia were analyzed. In the different studies, the evolution of lipid levels of total cholesterol, cholesterol LDL (low density lipoproteins) (c-LDL), triglyrecides and cholesterol HDL (high density lipoproteis) (c-HDL) of patients was divided into intervention groups and control groups, with the first group receiving intervention and pharmaceutical care, while in the control group there was no intervention provided. In general, it was found that groups with pharmaceutical intervention had a more significant reduction of their initial lipid level of TC, c-LDL and TG compared to the control groups. However, the initial serum levels of c-HDL did not have the recommended evolution, which would be their increase, meanwhile, in most studies, these levels remained or decreased.
Description
Keywords
Dislipidemias Hipercolesterolemia Intervenção farmacêutica Cuidados farmacêuticos