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Otimização de rega em espaços verdes: relatório do estágio na empresa Relevos e Arcadas - Criação de Espaços Unipessoal, Lda
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Orientador(es)
Resumo(s)
A rega é fundamental para o sucesso e bom funcionamento de um espaço verde. Esta é essencial no cumprimento dos objetivos determinados pelo Arquiteto Paisagista em projetos de espaços verdes. Sendo a água um bem essencial e cada vez mais escasso é essencial utilizar técnicas de rega adequadas a cada espaço, assim como procurar estratégias para obtenção de água por fontes alternativas.
O presente relatório incide sobre o estágio realizado na empresa Relevos e Arcadas – Criação de Espaços Unipessoal, Lda., entre fevereiro e julho de 2022. O objetivo principal do estágio foi ganhar experiência profissional e estar em contacto com equipas profissionais que trabalham no campo.
Este trabalho apresenta um conjunto de informações acerca da origem da rega e da sua importância nos espaços verdes, dando a conhecer as características de Planos de Gestão de Rega, assim como algumas inovações no âmbito da eficiência da rega. Posteriormente é feita uma caracterização dos sistemas de rega, onde são apresentados os critérios de seleção para os diferentes dispositivos de rega. É apresentado um caso de estudo, onde se procedeu à sua caracterização e onde foram propostas alternativas para a otimização da rega.
Conclui-se que para a otimização da rega em espaços verdes é necessário ter-se em conta as características físicas e ambientais do local, as necessidades hídricas das plantas e uma ajustada programação das regas, procurando incluir sensores que minimizem regas desnecessárias. É de grande importância procurar alternativas à rede pública para obtenção de água para rega, no entanto, para espaços verdes já existentes poderá ser bastante dispendioso.
Para o caso estudo verificou-se que das alternativas consideradas para diminuir o consumo de água da rede pública, ou seja, a atualização do sistema de rega, a utilização de vegetação alternativa, a utilização de águas cinzentas, a utilização da água pluvial e a dessalinização, as mais interessantes serão a atualização do sistema de rega, a utilização de vegetação alternativa e a utilização de águas cinzentas. As outras embora também interessantes a nível teórico, devido ao volume do investimento necessário, perdem muita aplicabilidade.
Irrigation is essential for the success and proper functioning of a park or garden. This is essential in fulfilling the objectives determined by the Landscape Architect in landscape design. As water is an essential and increasingly scarce resource, it is essential to use irrigation techniques appropriate to each space, as well as to seek strategies to obtain water from alternative sources. This report focuses on the internship carried out at the company Relevos e Arcadas – Criação de Espaços Unipessoal, Lda., between February and July 2022. The main objective of the internship was to gain professional experience and to be in contact with professional teams working in the field. This work presents a set of information about the origin of irrigation and its importance in green spaces, making known the characteristics of Irrigation Management Plans, as well as some innovations in the scope of irrigation efficiency. Subsequently, a characterization of the irrigation systems is made, where the selection criteria for the different irrigation devices are presented. A case study is presented, where its characterization was carried out and where alternatives were proposed for the optimization of irrigation. It is concluded that for the optimization of irrigation in green spaces, it is necessary to consider the physical and environmental characteristics of the place, the water needs of the plants and an adjusted irrigation schedule, seeking to include sensors that minimize unnecessary irrigation. As far as irrigation is considered, it is very important to look for alternatives to the public water supply, however, for existing green spaces it can be quite expensive. For the case study, it was found that the alternatives considered to reduce the consumption of water from the public network, that is, the updating of the irrigation system, the use of alternative vegetation, the use of gray water, the use of rainwater and the desalination, the most interesting will be the updating of the irrigation system, the use of alternative vegetation and the use of gray water. The others, although also interesting at a theoretical level, due to the volume of investment required, lose a lot of applicability.
Irrigation is essential for the success and proper functioning of a park or garden. This is essential in fulfilling the objectives determined by the Landscape Architect in landscape design. As water is an essential and increasingly scarce resource, it is essential to use irrigation techniques appropriate to each space, as well as to seek strategies to obtain water from alternative sources. This report focuses on the internship carried out at the company Relevos e Arcadas – Criação de Espaços Unipessoal, Lda., between February and July 2022. The main objective of the internship was to gain professional experience and to be in contact with professional teams working in the field. This work presents a set of information about the origin of irrigation and its importance in green spaces, making known the characteristics of Irrigation Management Plans, as well as some innovations in the scope of irrigation efficiency. Subsequently, a characterization of the irrigation systems is made, where the selection criteria for the different irrigation devices are presented. A case study is presented, where its characterization was carried out and where alternatives were proposed for the optimization of irrigation. It is concluded that for the optimization of irrigation in green spaces, it is necessary to consider the physical and environmental characteristics of the place, the water needs of the plants and an adjusted irrigation schedule, seeking to include sensors that minimize unnecessary irrigation. As far as irrigation is considered, it is very important to look for alternatives to the public water supply, however, for existing green spaces it can be quite expensive. For the case study, it was found that the alternatives considered to reduce the consumption of water from the public network, that is, the updating of the irrigation system, the use of alternative vegetation, the use of gray water, the use of rainwater and the desalination, the most interesting will be the updating of the irrigation system, the use of alternative vegetation and the use of gray water. The others, although also interesting at a theoretical level, due to the volume of investment required, lose a lot of applicability.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Espaços verdes Sistemas de rega Gestão da rega Tecnologias de rega Programação da rega Consumos de água Sustentabilidade