Retro tIming: A multicentric retrospective analysis of immunotherapy timing in metastatic melanoma

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) targeting programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4 (CTLA-4) are now the standard of care in the treatment of metastatic melanoma (mM). The interplay between cancer cells and tumor microenvironment cells (e.g. immune cells) impacts cancer cell survival, local invasion, and metastatic dissemination. Chrono-immunotherapy is an emerging field as circadian oscillations are observed in the immune landscape (e.g immune cell numbers) as well as in the expression of immunotherapy targets (e.g. PD-1).