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Efeito da densidade da vizinhança ortográfica em indivíduos com maior e menor vocabulário: facilitação ou competição?
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Abstract(s)
A hipótese exporatória deste estudo é de que uma maior competição no reconhecimento visual de palavras pode levar a uma lentificação na identificação da palavras. Assim, um indivíduo com um vocabulário muito extenso poderia atrasar a sua resposta perante palavras com vizinhança ortográfica muito densa, devido ao conhecimento de todas essas palavras, tendo de as inibir para uma identificação correta da palavra-alvo. Comparou-se dois grupos de jovens universitários, um com vocabulário extenso e outro com vocabulário menos extenso, no intuito de testar essa hipótese. Foram criadas duas tarefas de identificação de palavras, uma de decisão lexical e outra de nomeação, tendo sido manipulada a frequência da palavra e a densidade da vizinhança ortográfica. Era esperado que o grupo com maior vocabulário fosse mais lento nas suas respostas devido a uma maior competição lexical. Os resultados não corroboram com a hipótese explorada, pois ambos os grupos de vocabulário são mais rápidos na resposta a palavras com alta densidade da vizinhança ortográfica na tarefa de decisão lexical. Na tarefa de nomeação não foram encontradas diferenças significativas. Os resultados sugerem que um vocabulário grande, por si só, não facilita nem dificulta o reconhecimento de palavras.
The exploratory hypothesis of this study is that a greater competition in visual word recognition can lead to a slowdown in word identification. Thus, an individual with a very extensive vocabulary could delay his/her response to words with very dense orthographic neighborhood, due to the knowledge of all these words, having to inhibit them for a correct identification of the target word. To test this hypothesis, two groups of university students were compared, one with an extensive vocabulary and the other with a less extensive vocabulary. Two-word identification tasks were created, a lexical decision task and a naming task, where word frequency and orthographic neighborhood density were manipulated. It was expected that the group with greater vocabulary would be slower in their responses due to greater lexical competition. The results do not corroborate the explored hypothesis, as both groups of vocabulary were faster in when words with high orthographic neighborhood density were presented in the lexical decision task. In the naming task, no significant differences were found. The results suggest that a large vocabulary, by itself, neither facilitates nor hinders word recognition.
The exploratory hypothesis of this study is that a greater competition in visual word recognition can lead to a slowdown in word identification. Thus, an individual with a very extensive vocabulary could delay his/her response to words with very dense orthographic neighborhood, due to the knowledge of all these words, having to inhibit them for a correct identification of the target word. To test this hypothesis, two groups of university students were compared, one with an extensive vocabulary and the other with a less extensive vocabulary. Two-word identification tasks were created, a lexical decision task and a naming task, where word frequency and orthographic neighborhood density were manipulated. It was expected that the group with greater vocabulary would be slower in their responses due to greater lexical competition. The results do not corroborate the explored hypothesis, as both groups of vocabulary were faster in when words with high orthographic neighborhood density were presented in the lexical decision task. In the naming task, no significant differences were found. The results suggest that a large vocabulary, by itself, neither facilitates nor hinders word recognition.
Description
Keywords
Competição lexical Reconhecimento visual de palavras Densidade da vizinhança ortográfica