Aquatic pollutants: risks, consequences, possible solutions and novel testing approaches

Estêvão, M. Dulce

http://hdl.handle.net/10400.1/19135

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Authors

Estêvão, M. Dulce

Abstract(s)

It is undeniable that there is a wide variety of pollutants in the various water bodies around the planet, including organic and inorganic compounds, pathogenic microorganisms, and microplastics. The existence of these aquatic pollutants has a direct impact on the survival and well-being of all species that are present in these habitats and poses, directly or indirectly, a risk to human health. Although the origin of these pollutants has already been identified in most situations, the study of their effects, in the short and long term, as well as the best solutions to prevent or avoid the adverse consequences of pollution, remains a challenge for researchers. Human activity, both at the agricultural and livestock production level and at the industrial level, has a profound impact on water pollution [1]. In addition, the use of detergents, pharmaceuticals and other health products and substances in our daily lives also contributes to the increased concentration of various pollutants that affect aquatic life. Currently, many effluents discharged into the aquatic environment are still not subject to appropriate prior treatment that ensures the removal of all these potentially toxic substances. Although much progress has already been made in the treatment of various types of effluent, many compounds are still identified that resist the process and continue to be discharged into the water [1,2].