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Mindfulness e solitude: um estudo com estudantes deslocados
| Name: | Description: | Size: | Format: | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1.66 MB | Adobe PDF |
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Abstract(s)
Elevados índices de problemas de saúde mental em universitários tem alarmado os órgãos
governamentais. Torna-se fundamental um investimento em programas de prevenção e
promoção da saúde mental neste contexto. Esta tese de doutoramento tem como principais
objetivos avaliar os efeitos de uma intervenção baseada em mindfulness (IBM) adaptada para
estudantes acadêmicos, além de validar uma escala psicométrica que utilize o construto
solitude, que denota a capacidade de um indivíduo ficar consigo mesmo de forma positiva. As
práticas formais de mindfulness estão relacionadas à solitude, pois são experiências
essencialmente individuais e solitárias. Esta tese é composta por cinco estudos complementares:
1) IBMs em alunos de graduação: uma revisão sistemática; 2) Programa de Interculturalidade
e Mindfulness (PIM): relato do protocolo de uma intervenção com estudantes universitários; 3)
Escala de Solidão e Solitude Positiva (ESSP): Qual é a sensação de estar a sós? Uma validação
de escala portuguesa; 4) Efeitos do PIM em mindfulness, regulação emocional, depressão,
ansiedade, estresse, satisfação com a vida, otimismo, solitude positiva e solidão em estudantes
universitários: um estudo quase-experimental; e 5) Comparação entre uma IBM presencial e
uma IBM online síncrona: um estudo quase-experimental. Os principais resultados indicaram
um crescimento visível de publicações científicas com IBMs em alunos de licenciatura nos
últimos anos; indicadores psicométricos adequados para a ESSP; um impacto benéfico sobre
os participantes em ambos os formatos PIM (presencial e online síncrono); e uma superioridade
predominante da intervenção síncrona online sobre a intervenção presencial nos efeitos do PIM
ao analisar os resultados dos testes ocorridos 3 meses após a intervenção. Recomenda-se que
pesquisas futuras utilizem medidas concorrentes para examinar as dimensões de solidão e
solitude positiva na ESSP e que os efeitos do PIM sejam investigados em amostras aleatórias e
homogêneas.
The high incidence of mental health problems among academic students has alarmed government agencies. Investing in the psychological support sector, as well as in mental health promotion programs is fundamental. The main objectives of this thesis are to evaluate the effects of a mindfulness-based intervention (MBI) adapted for university students, and to validate a psychometric scale that utilizes the solitude construct, which denotes an ability to spend time by oneself in a positive way. Formal mindfulness practices are related to solitude, as they are essentially individual and solitary experiences. This investigation is structured in five studies: 1) MBIs in Undergraduate Students: a Systematic Review; 2) Interculturality and Mindfulness Program: a protocol report of an intervention with university students; 3) Loneliness and Positive Solitude Scale (LPSS): How does it feel to be alone with yourself? A Portuguese scale validation; 4) Effects of the Interculturality and Mindfulness Program (PIM) on mindfulness, emotional regulation, depression, anxiety, stress, life satisfaction, optimism, positive solitude, and loneliness in university students: a quasi-experimental study; and 5) Comparison between an in-person and a synchronous online MBI: a quasi-experimental study. PIM, a program that combines intrapersonal (mindfulness) with interpersonal skills (interculturality) was developed and implemented. Similarly, the LPSS was designed and assesses how often someone interprets his/her solitary moment as something beneficial (positive solitude) or unsatisfactory (loneliness). Major results indicated a visible growth of scientific publications with MBIs in undergraduate students in the past years; adequate psychometric indicators for the LPSS; beneficial impact on participants in both PIM formats (in-person and synchronous online); a predominant superiority of the synchronous online intervention over the in-person intervention on PIM effects when analyzing the 3-month followup outcomes. It is recommended future research utilize concurrent measures to examine LPSS’ loneliness and positive solitude dimensions and employ a randomized sample to investigate PIM effects.
The high incidence of mental health problems among academic students has alarmed government agencies. Investing in the psychological support sector, as well as in mental health promotion programs is fundamental. The main objectives of this thesis are to evaluate the effects of a mindfulness-based intervention (MBI) adapted for university students, and to validate a psychometric scale that utilizes the solitude construct, which denotes an ability to spend time by oneself in a positive way. Formal mindfulness practices are related to solitude, as they are essentially individual and solitary experiences. This investigation is structured in five studies: 1) MBIs in Undergraduate Students: a Systematic Review; 2) Interculturality and Mindfulness Program: a protocol report of an intervention with university students; 3) Loneliness and Positive Solitude Scale (LPSS): How does it feel to be alone with yourself? A Portuguese scale validation; 4) Effects of the Interculturality and Mindfulness Program (PIM) on mindfulness, emotional regulation, depression, anxiety, stress, life satisfaction, optimism, positive solitude, and loneliness in university students: a quasi-experimental study; and 5) Comparison between an in-person and a synchronous online MBI: a quasi-experimental study. PIM, a program that combines intrapersonal (mindfulness) with interpersonal skills (interculturality) was developed and implemented. Similarly, the LPSS was designed and assesses how often someone interprets his/her solitary moment as something beneficial (positive solitude) or unsatisfactory (loneliness). Major results indicated a visible growth of scientific publications with MBIs in undergraduate students in the past years; adequate psychometric indicators for the LPSS; beneficial impact on participants in both PIM formats (in-person and synchronous online); a predominant superiority of the synchronous online intervention over the in-person intervention on PIM effects when analyzing the 3-month followup outcomes. It is recommended future research utilize concurrent measures to examine LPSS’ loneliness and positive solitude dimensions and employ a randomized sample to investigate PIM effects.
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Keywords
Intervenções baseadas em mindfulness Solitude Estudantes Universitários Interculturalidade Iintervenções presenciais Intervenções online síncronas