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Vulnerabilidade para a ideação suicida: estudo comparativo entre adolescentes com e sem risco psicossocial
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Abstract(s)
O suicídio é um problema de saúde pública assente num fenómeno complexo e
multifacetado que tem início com a ideação suicida, passando por um plano até ao término da
própria vida. Segundo modelos explicativos, existem fatores de risco e proteção que podem
influenciar o comportamento suicidário; tais como desesperança, acontecimentos de vida
negativos, autoestima, razoes para viver e satisfação com o suporte social.
O presente estudo tem como objetivo conhecer os fatores psicológicos de risco e de
proteção para a ideação suicida em adolescentes considerados em risco psicossocial e,
posteriormente, comparar estes fatores psicológicos de risco e proteção para a ideação suicida
entre adolescentes em risco psicossocial e adolescentes da população normativa.
Desta forma, foi recolhida uma amostra de 137 adolescentes, com idades entre 10 e os 19
anos. Esta amostra foi dividida em dois grupos – Grupo de Risco Psicossocial (n = 60) e
Grupo Normativo (n= 77).
Tendo em conta os resultados obtidos, o Grupo de Risco Psicossocial apresenta
acontecimentos de vida negativos com maior frequência e maior impacto em relação ao
Grupo Normativo. Em relação à satisfação com o suporte social, esta é menor no Grupo de
Risco Psicossocial em relação ao Grupo Normativo. Percebeu-se a relação entre
acontecimentos de vida negativa com a ideação suicida.
Desta forma, os acontecimentos de vida negativos, são mais frequentes em grupo de
jovens em risco psicossocial e revelam uma maior tendência para a ideação suicida.
Suicide is a public health problem based on a complex and multifaceted phenomenon that begins with suicidal ideation, going through a plan until the end of life itself. According to explanatory models, there are risk and protective factors that may influence suicidal behavior; such as hopelessness, negative life events, self-esteem, reasons to live and satisfaction with social support. The present study aims to know the psychological factors of risk and protection for suicidal ideation in adolescents considered psychosocial risk and, subsequently, to compare these psychological factors of risk and protection for suicidal ideation in adolescents at psychosocial risk and adolescents in the normative population. Thus, a sample of 137 adolescents, aged between 10 and 19 years old, was collected. This sample was divided into two groups – Psychosocial Risk Group (n = 60) and normative group (n = 77). Considering the results obtained, the Psychosocial risk group presents negative life events with greater frequency and greater impact in relation to the normative group. Regarding satisfaction with social support, this is lower in the psychosocial risk group in relation to the normative group. The relationship between negative life events and suicidal ideation was perceived. Thus, negative life events are more frequent in a group of young people at psychosocial risk and reveal a greater tendency towards suicidal ideation.
Suicide is a public health problem based on a complex and multifaceted phenomenon that begins with suicidal ideation, going through a plan until the end of life itself. According to explanatory models, there are risk and protective factors that may influence suicidal behavior; such as hopelessness, negative life events, self-esteem, reasons to live and satisfaction with social support. The present study aims to know the psychological factors of risk and protection for suicidal ideation in adolescents considered psychosocial risk and, subsequently, to compare these psychological factors of risk and protection for suicidal ideation in adolescents at psychosocial risk and adolescents in the normative population. Thus, a sample of 137 adolescents, aged between 10 and 19 years old, was collected. This sample was divided into two groups – Psychosocial Risk Group (n = 60) and normative group (n = 77). Considering the results obtained, the Psychosocial risk group presents negative life events with greater frequency and greater impact in relation to the normative group. Regarding satisfaction with social support, this is lower in the psychosocial risk group in relation to the normative group. The relationship between negative life events and suicidal ideation was perceived. Thus, negative life events are more frequent in a group of young people at psychosocial risk and reveal a greater tendency towards suicidal ideation.
Description
Keywords
Ideação suicida Adolescentes Risco psicossocial Fatores psicológicos