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Impacto dos comportamentos suicidários dos jovens nos seus familiares
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Abstract(s)
Os comportamentos autolesivos (CAL) e tentativas de suicídio (TS) dos jovens constituem um enorme problema de saúde pública, que afeta os jovens e as suas famílias. Porém, os estudos empíricos que avaliem a experiência das suas famílias são escassos e de natureza maioritariamente qualitativa.
A presente investigação propõe-se a avaliar o impacto dos CAL ou TS dos jovens nos seus familiares e comparar o ambiente familiar entre famílias de jovens com CAL ou TS e famílias de jovens sem CAL ou TS.
Participaram neste estudo 138 familiares: 29 de jovens com CAL ou TS e 109 de jovens sem CAL ou TS. Foram analisadas as explicações atribuídas pelos familiares aos CAL ou TS dos jovens, os efeitos nas diferentes dimensões de vida, as dificuldades sentidas, a comunicação e os recursos. Foram ainda avaliados os níveis de ansiedade, depressão e stresse, de satisfação com o suporte social e de emoção expressa em ambos os grupos de familiares
Os resultados indicam que os familiares consideram que os jovens adotam CAL ou TS como forma de expressar emoções intensas. Referem ter sentido a sua vida geral e saúde mental afetadas e ainda que os níveis de ansiedade na família aumentam devido aos CAL ou TS dos jovens. Manifestam falta de apoio dos serviços de saúde, de orientações sobre como agir e dificuldades em gerir a vigilância sobre o jovem.
As famílias de jovens com CAL ou TS apresentam maiores níveis de depressão e stresse, enquanto as famílias de jovens sem CAL ou TS apresentam níveis mais elevados de ansiedade, de satisfação com o suporte social e de emoção expressa.
Estes resultados corroboram que os CAL ou TS dos jovens causam sérias repercussões na vida dos seus familiares e reforçam a necessidade de intervenção e apoio para com estas famílias.
The self-injurious behaviours and suicide attempts in young people are a serious public health issue. However, the studies that evaluate the experiences of their families are few and mainly qualitative. The present research serves to compare the family and relational environment between families of young people with or without self-injurious behaviours and suicide attempts and to analyse the impact of these young people’s behaviours on their families. This study had 138 participants: 29 relatives of young people with self-injurious behaviours and suicide attempts and 109 relatives of young people without self-injurious behaviours and suicide attempts. The aspects analysed is this study were: the explanations that the relatives gave to the young people’s self-injurious behaviours and suicide attempts, the effects on different life dimensions, the difficulties, the communication and resources. The levels of anxiety, depression and stress, satisfaction with the social support and expressed emotion were compared for both groups. The results showed that family members tend to believe that the young people’s self-injurious behaviours and suicide attempts are a way to express intense emotions. Family members feel that their general lives and mental health have been affected and that the anxiety levels increased in the family. Families report lack of support from health services, lack of information and orientation and difficulties in managing the youth surveillance. Family members tend to talk about the subject with the young people and with other relatives. Families of young people with self-injurious behaviours and suicide attempts have higher levels of depression and stress. Yet, families of young people without self-injurious behaviours and suicide attempts express more anxiety, satisfaction with the social support and expressed emotion. These results prove that young people’s self-injurious behaviours and suicide attempts cause serious consequences in their families and reinforce the need for intervention and support for these families.
The self-injurious behaviours and suicide attempts in young people are a serious public health issue. However, the studies that evaluate the experiences of their families are few and mainly qualitative. The present research serves to compare the family and relational environment between families of young people with or without self-injurious behaviours and suicide attempts and to analyse the impact of these young people’s behaviours on their families. This study had 138 participants: 29 relatives of young people with self-injurious behaviours and suicide attempts and 109 relatives of young people without self-injurious behaviours and suicide attempts. The aspects analysed is this study were: the explanations that the relatives gave to the young people’s self-injurious behaviours and suicide attempts, the effects on different life dimensions, the difficulties, the communication and resources. The levels of anxiety, depression and stress, satisfaction with the social support and expressed emotion were compared for both groups. The results showed that family members tend to believe that the young people’s self-injurious behaviours and suicide attempts are a way to express intense emotions. Family members feel that their general lives and mental health have been affected and that the anxiety levels increased in the family. Families report lack of support from health services, lack of information and orientation and difficulties in managing the youth surveillance. Family members tend to talk about the subject with the young people and with other relatives. Families of young people with self-injurious behaviours and suicide attempts have higher levels of depression and stress. Yet, families of young people without self-injurious behaviours and suicide attempts express more anxiety, satisfaction with the social support and expressed emotion. These results prove that young people’s self-injurious behaviours and suicide attempts cause serious consequences in their families and reinforce the need for intervention and support for these families.
Description
Keywords
Comportamentos autolesivos Tentativas de suicídio Jovens Famílias Impacto