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Análise temática da interação terapeuta-cliente: identificação das intervenções terapêuticas que potenciam a experiência emocional do cliente
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Abstract(s)
A Terapia para a Fobia aos Afetos preconiza que o sucesso terapêutico é determinado pela experiência emocional vivida na sessão pelos clientes. Apesar desta expectativa, as investigações até à data não determinam quais as intervenções terapêuticas que melhor potenciam essa experiência.
O presente estudo pretendeu avaliar o tipo de intervenções terapêuticas que potenciam a experiência emocional nos clientes. Para o efeito, foram ouvidos e cotados 70 extratos de cinco minutos, a partir das sessões 2, 5 e 10 de cinco clientes (Midade = 24,6 anos; 60% do sexo feminino). As sessões das quais foram obtidos os extratos foram previamente cotadas com as subescalas da Escala de Aquisição dos Objetivos Terapêuticos para diferenciar em que situações o cliente revela Experiência dos Afetos (Ativadores) ou Afetos Inibitórios. A Análise Temática, à qual os dados foram submetidos, resultou em 2405 momentos, que deram origem a nove temas de intervenção terapêutica, com dois a sete códigos cada. Verificou-se que os terapeutas recorrem a fatores específicos num contínuo entre suporte e expressão, e comuns, maioritariamente a Demonstração de Atenção, o tema mais frequente. O Encaminhamento de Conteúdo é a intervenção que mais parece potenciar a experiência emocional, em particular, intervenções em que o terapeuta Convida a Clarificar e Questiona Detalhe. As intervenções que parecem resultar em mais afetos inibitórios foram as de Trabalho de Insight, sobretudo as centradas na Interpretação. Seguiram-se o Reforço dos Ganhos, particularmente os códigos Enfatiza e Celebra Aprendizagem e Consolida Aprendizagem. Foram ainda identificados dois temas relativos ao tópico e à postura, cada um com cinco códigos. No que concerne a estes temas, o Trabalho sobre o Self e a Postura Confrontativa parecem resultar em afetos inibitórios.
Os dados encontrados possibilitam uma maior compreensão face às intervenções terapêuticas, temáticas e posturas que potenciam ou inibem a experiência dos afetos nas sessões.
The Affect Phobia Therapy posits that therapeutic success is determined by the emotional experience lived in session by the clients . Despite this expectation, prior research has not determined which therapeutic interventions best facilitate this experience. The current study aimed to assess the types of therapeutic interventions that maximize the emotional experience of the clients For this purpose, 70 extracts of approximately five minutes were listened to and rated from sessions 2, 5, and 10 of five clients (Mean age = 24.6 years; 60% female). The sessions from which the extracts were obtained were previously rated using the Achievement of Therapeutic Objectives scale to differentiate the moments in w h i c h the client reveals Experience of Affect ( A ctivating A ffect) or I nhibi tory A ffect The Thematic Analysis, to which the data was subjected, resulted in 2405 moments, leading to nine therapeutic intervention themes, each with two to seven codes. It was notorious that the therapists resort to specific factors in a continuum between support and expression, and common, mostly Attention Demonstration, the most frequent theme. Content Guidance is the intervention that seems to enhance emotional experience the most , particularly interventions in which the therapist Invites to Clarify and Questions Detail. The interventions that seem to result in inhibitory affect the most are those of Insight Work, especially th e ones centered in Interpretation. This is followed by Reinforcement of Gains, particularly the Emphasizes and Celebrates Learning and Consolidates Learning codes. Two themes related to the topic covered and the posture were also identified, each with five codes In what concerns these themes , Work on the Self and Confrontational Posture appear to result in inhibitory affects. The data found provides a deeper understanding of the therapeutic interventions, thematic and posture which enhance or inhibit the exper ience of affect in session.
The Affect Phobia Therapy posits that therapeutic success is determined by the emotional experience lived in session by the clients . Despite this expectation, prior research has not determined which therapeutic interventions best facilitate this experience. The current study aimed to assess the types of therapeutic interventions that maximize the emotional experience of the clients For this purpose, 70 extracts of approximately five minutes were listened to and rated from sessions 2, 5, and 10 of five clients (Mean age = 24.6 years; 60% female). The sessions from which the extracts were obtained were previously rated using the Achievement of Therapeutic Objectives scale to differentiate the moments in w h i c h the client reveals Experience of Affect ( A ctivating A ffect) or I nhibi tory A ffect The Thematic Analysis, to which the data was subjected, resulted in 2405 moments, leading to nine therapeutic intervention themes, each with two to seven codes. It was notorious that the therapists resort to specific factors in a continuum between support and expression, and common, mostly Attention Demonstration, the most frequent theme. Content Guidance is the intervention that seems to enhance emotional experience the most , particularly interventions in which the therapist Invites to Clarify and Questions Detail. The interventions that seem to result in inhibitory affect the most are those of Insight Work, especially th e ones centered in Interpretation. This is followed by Reinforcement of Gains, particularly the Emphasizes and Celebrates Learning and Consolidates Learning codes. Two themes related to the topic covered and the posture were also identified, each with five codes In what concerns these themes , Work on the Self and Confrontational Posture appear to result in inhibitory affects. The data found provides a deeper understanding of the therapeutic interventions, thematic and posture which enhance or inhibit the exper ience of affect in session.
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Keywords
Intervenção terapêutica Terapia para a fobia aos afetos Experiência dos afetos Afetos inibitórios Processo de mudança Análise temática