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Doença renal: avaliação do perfil bioquímico do doente renal crónico adulto
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Abstract(s)
As doenças renais (DR) podem surgir de problemas a nível do sistema urinário, podendo ocorrer na sequência de uma lesão pré-renal, renal ou pós-renal, ou ainda surgir devido a uma doença sistémica. Dependendo do tempo no qual a lesão ocorre e das alterações apresentadas, a doença pode ser classificada como insuficiência renal aguda (IRA), doença renal (DRA) ou doença renal crónica (DRC).
Estas três patologias estão interligadas, uma vez que a partir de um episódio de IRA, o doente pode evoluir para DRA e, posteriormente, para DRC. Nesse sentido, o estudo dos marcadores bioquímicos é crucial para intervir atempadamente e aprofundar o conhecimento relativo ao perfil bioquímico destes doentes.
A avaliação do perfil bioquímico dos doentes renais crónicos permite obter diversas informações acerca da doença, nomeadamente a sua identificação, a determinação do seu estadio de gravidade, a identificação de algumas patologias concomitantes, informações estas importantes para a implementação da terapêutica e para o prognóstico. Dado todas estas funções, a avaliação do perfil bioquímico é fundamental durante o acompanhamento das DR.
A partir do estudo do perfil bioquímico, surgiram novos biomarcadores renais que se têm demostrado promissores para o diagnóstico precoce das DR, para a identificação da porção do nefrónio que se encontra lesada, para o prognóstico da doença e entre muitas outras informações relativas às alterações que ocorrem nos rins.
Assim, o objetivo do trabalho consiste na avaliação e caracterização do perfil bioquímico dos doentes renais crónicos, no estudo dos biomarcadores renais e na determinação dos padrões específicos da doença. Contudo, esta é uma área em crescimento que ainda exige uma investigação considerável, com o propósito de alcançar uma compreensão mais aprofundada da DR, fundamental para melhorar a deteção da doença, avaliar os parâmetros de saúde dos pacientes com DR e, consequentemente, melhorar a sua qualidade de vida.
Kidney diseases (KD) can arise from issues within the urinary system, and they may occur because of pre renal, renal, or post renal injuries, or even emerge due to a systemic disease. Depending on the timing of the injury and the accompanying changes, the disease can be classified as acute kidney injury (AKI), acute kidney disease (KD), or chronic kidne y disease (CKD). These three pathologies are interconnected, as a patient can progress from an episode of acute kidney injury to acute kidney disease and subsequently to chronic kidney disease. In this regard, the study of biochemical markers is crucial fo r timely intervention and a deeper understanding of the biochemical profile of these patients. The evaluation of the biochemical profile of chronic kidney patients provides various insights into the disease, including its identification, determination of i ts severity stage, identification of concurrent pathologies, which are important for implementing therapy and prognosis. Due to these criteria , the evaluation of the biochemical profile is essential during the management of kidney diseases. From the study of the biochemical profile, new renal biomarkers have emerged that have shown promise for early diagnosis of kidney diseases, identifying the portion of the nephron that is affected, predicting the disease's course, and providing many other insights into k idney related changes. Therefore, the objective of this work is to assess and characterize the biochemical profile of chronic kidney patients, study renal biomarkers, and determine specific disease patterns. However, this is a growing field that still requ ires significant research to achieve a deeper understanding of kidney disease, which is essential for improving disease detection, assessing the health parameters of kidney disease patients, and ultimately enhancing their quality of life.
Kidney diseases (KD) can arise from issues within the urinary system, and they may occur because of pre renal, renal, or post renal injuries, or even emerge due to a systemic disease. Depending on the timing of the injury and the accompanying changes, the disease can be classified as acute kidney injury (AKI), acute kidney disease (KD), or chronic kidne y disease (CKD). These three pathologies are interconnected, as a patient can progress from an episode of acute kidney injury to acute kidney disease and subsequently to chronic kidney disease. In this regard, the study of biochemical markers is crucial fo r timely intervention and a deeper understanding of the biochemical profile of these patients. The evaluation of the biochemical profile of chronic kidney patients provides various insights into the disease, including its identification, determination of i ts severity stage, identification of concurrent pathologies, which are important for implementing therapy and prognosis. Due to these criteria , the evaluation of the biochemical profile is essential during the management of kidney diseases. From the study of the biochemical profile, new renal biomarkers have emerged that have shown promise for early diagnosis of kidney diseases, identifying the portion of the nephron that is affected, predicting the disease's course, and providing many other insights into k idney related changes. Therefore, the objective of this work is to assess and characterize the biochemical profile of chronic kidney patients, study renal biomarkers, and determine specific disease patterns. However, this is a growing field that still requ ires significant research to achieve a deeper understanding of kidney disease, which is essential for improving disease detection, assessing the health parameters of kidney disease patients, and ultimately enhancing their quality of life.
Description
Keywords
Doença renal crónica Insuficiência renal aguda Doença renal aguda Biomarcador renal Perfil bioquímico