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Diagnóstico e análise de riscos psicossociais: estudo de caso numa empresa de abastecimento de água e de saneamento
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| 2.04 MB | Adobe PDF |
Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
As entidades empregadoras têm o dever legal de assegurar o bem-estar ocupacional, através de uma boa gestão dos riscos associados ao local de trabalho, especialmente dos riscos psicossociais, uma vez que estes têm um forte impacto na saúde dos trabalhadores e consequentemente efeitos adversos no seu desempenho profissional e pessoal e na própria organização. Deste modo, atendendo à importância desta problemática, foi proposto e aprovado pela empresa Águas do Algarve, S.A. a realização deste projeto de diagnóstico de riscos psicossociais, com vista a extrair recomendações para a diminuição do seu impacto nos trabalhadores e na própria organização. Este projeto vem colmatar uma lacuna em termos de segurança e saúde, uma vez que é o primeiro estudo neste âmbito. Este estudo é suportado pela abordagem de Chambel ao modelo Job Demands-Resources que explica como é que as exigências (e.g., exigências quantitativas, conflito trabalho-família) e os recursos do trabalho (e.g., suporte social) têm efeitos sobre o bem-estar dos trabalhadores (burnout) e atitudes face ao trabalho (engagement).
O diagnóstico dos riscos psicossociais na AdA assenta num estudo quantitativo de análise descritivo-correlacional com 112 trabalhadores, com recurso a um questionário self-report para recolha dos dados, o qual foi compilado por Maria José Chambel, a partir de vários instrumentos (e.g., Karasek, 1985; Santos & Gonçalves, 2014). Os resultados indicaram que existe um bem-estar satisfatório para a globalidade dos trabalhadores da AdA e a maioria das dimensões em estudo apresentaram um nível de risco baixo, à exceção das exigências quantitativas, processamento da informação, perceção do apoio organizacional e enriquecimento trabalho-família que apresentaram um risco moderado. Para minimizar o nível de risco é essencial uma intervenção abrangente da organização no seu todo, que inclui a administração, as chefias e todos os trabalhadores. Nesse sentido, apresentaram-se algumas sugestões de intervenção na prevenção dos riscos psicossociais, por forma a melhorar a saúde, segurança e bem-estar de todos os trabalhadores e da própria organização.
Employers have a legal duty to ensure occupational well-being through good management of risks associated with the workplace, especially psychosocial risks, as they have a strong impact on workers' health and consequently adverse effects in their professional and personal performance and in the organization itself. Thus, given the importance of this problem was proposed and approved by the company Águas do Algarve, S.A. the realization of this project of diagnosis of psychosocial risks, with a view to extracting recommendations for the reduction of its impact on workers and the organization itself. This project addresses a gap in terms of safety and health, since it is the first study in this area. This study is supported by Chambel's approach to the Job Demands-Resources model which explains how demands (e.g., quantitative requirements, work-family conflict) and labor resources (e.g., social support) have effects on well-being of workers (burnout) and attitudes towards work (engagement). The diagnosis of psychosocial risks in AdA is based on a quantitative descriptive-correlational analysis study with 112 workers, using a self-report questionnaire for data collection, which was compiled by Maria José Chambel from various instruments (e.g., Karasek, 1985; Santos & Gonçalves, 2014). The results indicated that there is a state of well-being for all AdA workers and most of the dimensions under study presented a low risk level, with the exception of quantitative requirements, information processing, perception of organizational support and family work enrichment which presented a moderate risk. To minimize the level of risk a comprehensive intervention of the organization as a whole is essential, which includes management, managers and all workers. In this sense, some suggestions for intervention in the prevention of psychosocial risks were presented, in order to improve the health, safety and well-being of all workers and the organization itself.
Employers have a legal duty to ensure occupational well-being through good management of risks associated with the workplace, especially psychosocial risks, as they have a strong impact on workers' health and consequently adverse effects in their professional and personal performance and in the organization itself. Thus, given the importance of this problem was proposed and approved by the company Águas do Algarve, S.A. the realization of this project of diagnosis of psychosocial risks, with a view to extracting recommendations for the reduction of its impact on workers and the organization itself. This project addresses a gap in terms of safety and health, since it is the first study in this area. This study is supported by Chambel's approach to the Job Demands-Resources model which explains how demands (e.g., quantitative requirements, work-family conflict) and labor resources (e.g., social support) have effects on well-being of workers (burnout) and attitudes towards work (engagement). The diagnosis of psychosocial risks in AdA is based on a quantitative descriptive-correlational analysis study with 112 workers, using a self-report questionnaire for data collection, which was compiled by Maria José Chambel from various instruments (e.g., Karasek, 1985; Santos & Gonçalves, 2014). The results indicated that there is a state of well-being for all AdA workers and most of the dimensions under study presented a low risk level, with the exception of quantitative requirements, information processing, perception of organizational support and family work enrichment which presented a moderate risk. To minimize the level of risk a comprehensive intervention of the organization as a whole is essential, which includes management, managers and all workers. In this sense, some suggestions for intervention in the prevention of psychosocial risks were presented, in order to improve the health, safety and well-being of all workers and the organization itself.
Description
Keywords
Riscos psicossociais Modelo Job Demands-Resources Engagement Exaustão Cinismo Burnout