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Estudo retrospetivo sobre os fatores de vulnerabilidade à coerção sexual em mulheres adultas
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Abstract(s)
O estudo da coerção sexual, apesar da sua relevância, gravidade e prevalência, carece de investimento na investigação empírica. Especialmente entre parceiros íntimos e ante a população geral feminina adulta, portuguesa. A literatura aponta que uma em cada três mulheres é/ou já foi vítima de coerção sexual, em Portugal a prevalência encontra-se nos 23%.
O presente estudo tem como objetivo caracterizar os fatores de vulnerabilidade de vitimização à coerção sexual entre parceiros íntimos, nomeadamente responder à questão de partida: “Quais os fatores de vulnerabilidade à coerção sexual em mulheres adultas?”.
Na presente investigação, foi recolhida uma amostra de 165 participantes adultas do sexo feminino, todavia dados os critérios de exclusão a amostra final foi reduzida a 142 participantes, com idades compreendidas entre os 18 e os 55 anos. As participantes responderam a um questionário online formado por instrumentos que permitiram ter acesso às variáveis em estudo. Posteriormente, a amostra foi dividida em dois grupos, Grupo de Vítimas (n=48) e o Grupo de Não Vítimas (n= 94).
Na presente amostra a prevalência da vitimização situa-se nos 33.83%, sendo o uso de pressão verbal a tática coerciva relatada em maior número.
Os resultados obtidos confirmam como fatores de vulnerabilidade à vitimização de coerção sexual perpetrada por homens, contra mulheres: níveis inferiores de assertividade sexual, níveis inferiores de autoestima geral, níveis inferiores de autoestima sexual, o estado civil não casado (uniões informais), cuja duração seja inferior ou igual a cinco anos, a adoção de crenças e atitudes de aceitação de violência entre parceiros íntimos, crenças sexistas e a adoção de papeis de género.
Em contraste não se caracterizam como fatores de vulnerabilidade, na presente investigação: a extroversão, o estatuto socioeconómico e o acesso aos recursos e a presença de filhos.
The study of sexual coercion, despite its relevance, severity and prevalence, lacks investment in empirical research. Especially among intimate partners and the general Portuguese adult female population. The literature indicates that one in three women is/or has been a victim of sexual coercion, in Portugal the prevalence is 23%. This study aims to characterize the vulnerability factors of victimization to sexual coercion between intimate partners, namely, to answer the starting question: “What are the vulnerability factors to sexual coercion in adult women?”. In the present investigation, was collected a sample of 165 female adult participants, however, given the exclusion criteria, the final sample was reduced to 142 participants, aged between 18 and 55 years. Participants answered an online questionnaire made up of instruments that allowed them to access the variables under study. Subsequently, the sample was divided into two groups, the Victims Group (n=48) and the Non-Victims Group (n=94). In this sample, the prevalence of victimization is 33.83%, with the use of verbal pressure being the most reported coercive tactic. The results obtained confirm as vulnerability factors to the victimization of sexual coercion perpetrated by men against women: lower levels of sexual assertiveness, lower levels of general self-esteem, lower levels of sexual self-esteem, unmarried marital status (informal unions) whose duration is less than or equal to five years, the adoption of beliefs and attitudes of acceptance of violence between intimate partners, sexist beliefs and the adoption of gender roles. In contrast, the extraversion, socioeconomic status and access to resources, and the presence of children are not characterized as vulnerability factors in the present investigation.
The study of sexual coercion, despite its relevance, severity and prevalence, lacks investment in empirical research. Especially among intimate partners and the general Portuguese adult female population. The literature indicates that one in three women is/or has been a victim of sexual coercion, in Portugal the prevalence is 23%. This study aims to characterize the vulnerability factors of victimization to sexual coercion between intimate partners, namely, to answer the starting question: “What are the vulnerability factors to sexual coercion in adult women?”. In the present investigation, was collected a sample of 165 female adult participants, however, given the exclusion criteria, the final sample was reduced to 142 participants, aged between 18 and 55 years. Participants answered an online questionnaire made up of instruments that allowed them to access the variables under study. Subsequently, the sample was divided into two groups, the Victims Group (n=48) and the Non-Victims Group (n=94). In this sample, the prevalence of victimization is 33.83%, with the use of verbal pressure being the most reported coercive tactic. The results obtained confirm as vulnerability factors to the victimization of sexual coercion perpetrated by men against women: lower levels of sexual assertiveness, lower levels of general self-esteem, lower levels of sexual self-esteem, unmarried marital status (informal unions) whose duration is less than or equal to five years, the adoption of beliefs and attitudes of acceptance of violence between intimate partners, sexist beliefs and the adoption of gender roles. In contrast, the extraversion, socioeconomic status and access to resources, and the presence of children are not characterized as vulnerability factors in the present investigation.
Description
Keywords
Coerção sexual Fatores de vulnerabilidade Mulheres adultas Violência entre parceiros íntimos.