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A interação trabalho-família e família-trabalho: diferenças de género
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Abstract(s)
Apesar das inúmeras mudanças ocorridas ao longo das últimas décadas, relativamente ao conceito de família, dos seus padrões e das exigências a esta associadas, a dificuldade em conciliar os papéis pessoal/familiar e o profissional persiste. A incompatibilidade entre ambos os papéis, associada à centralidade trabalho-família, pode conduzir à emergência do conflito trabalho-família e família-trabalho, e consequentemente ao desenvolvimento do burnout e de uma menor satisfação profissional. Com uma amostra de 200 participantes, 130 mulheres e 70 homens, com idades compreendidas entre os 21 e os 66 anos (M = 40.61; DP = 10.66), este estudo de carácter quantitativo tem como objetivos observar: (1) de que modo as exigências profissionais-domésticas, a centralidade e a cultura de balanço trabalho-família influenciam o conflito trabalho-família, (2) as consequências dessas variáveis no burnout e na satisfação com o trabalho, e (3) a existência de diferenças de acordo com o género. Os resultados mostram que as exigências profissionais e domésticas, a centralidade e a cultura de balanço trabalho-família são preditores do conflito trabalho-família, e que estas variáveis influenciam negativamente o burnout e a satisfação profissional. Observaram-se ainda diferenças de género nas variáveis exigências domésticas e burnout, sendo as mulheres aquelas que apresentam médias mais elevadas. Torna-se preponderante que as organizações implementem um conjunto de políticas “amigas da família” que objetivem promover ambientes de trabalho saudáveis, contribuindo para o sucesso das mesmas e para o aumento do bem-estar do seu capital humano.
Despite the numerous changes over the past few decades, in relation to the family concept, its patterns and associated demands, the difficulty in reconciling the personal/family and the professional roles persists. The incompatibility between both roles, associated with the work-family centrality, may lead to the emergence of the work-family and family-work conflict, and consequently to the development of burnout and lower job satisfaction. With a sample of 200 participants, 130 women and 70 men, aged between 21 and 66 years (M = 40.61; SD = 10.66), this quantitative study aims to observe: (1) how work-home demands, centrality and work-family balance culture influence work-family conflict, (2) the consequences of these variables on burnout and job satisfaction, and (3) the existence of gender differences. Results show that work-home demands, centrality and work-family balance culture are predictors of work-family conflict, and that these variables negatively influence burnout and job satisfaction. Gender differences were also observed in the variables home demands and burnout, with women presenting the highest means. It is of utmost importance that organizations implement a “family-friendly” set of policies that aim to promote healthy work environments, contributing to their success and enhancing the well-being of their human capital.
Despite the numerous changes over the past few decades, in relation to the family concept, its patterns and associated demands, the difficulty in reconciling the personal/family and the professional roles persists. The incompatibility between both roles, associated with the work-family centrality, may lead to the emergence of the work-family and family-work conflict, and consequently to the development of burnout and lower job satisfaction. With a sample of 200 participants, 130 women and 70 men, aged between 21 and 66 years (M = 40.61; SD = 10.66), this quantitative study aims to observe: (1) how work-home demands, centrality and work-family balance culture influence work-family conflict, (2) the consequences of these variables on burnout and job satisfaction, and (3) the existence of gender differences. Results show that work-home demands, centrality and work-family balance culture are predictors of work-family conflict, and that these variables negatively influence burnout and job satisfaction. Gender differences were also observed in the variables home demands and burnout, with women presenting the highest means. It is of utmost importance that organizations implement a “family-friendly” set of policies that aim to promote healthy work environments, contributing to their success and enhancing the well-being of their human capital.
Description
Keywords
Exigências profissionais e domésticas Ultura de balanço trabalho-família Conflito trabalho-família/família-trabalho Centralidade trabalho-família Burnout Satisfação profissional.