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Digital twin modelling for a renewable energy community: a case study of the culatra island’s smart grid

2026Artigo científico Acesso aberto
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datacite.subject.sdg07:Energias Renováveis e Acessíveis
datacite.subject.sdg09:Indústria, Inovação e Infraestruturas
datacite.subject.sdg11:Cidades e Comunidades Sustentáveis
dc.contributor.authorOgunsola, Idris Olalekan
dc.contributor.authorSantos, Joni
dc.contributor.authorMonteiro, Jânio
dc.contributor.authorPacheco, André
dc.date.accessioned2026-06-12T11:06:19Z
dc.date.available2026-06-12T11:06:19Z
dc.date.issued2026
dc.description.abstractThis study develops and tests a Digital Twin (DT) of the Culatra Island’s distribution grid to enable the evaluation of demand side management strategies, in the scope of Renewable Energy Communities. Built in MATLAB/Simulink and structured across five functional layers, the DT integrates real-world data from five photovoltaic (PV) production units, monitored and fixed electrical loads, and realistic network parameters derived from the island’s infrastructure. Three steady-state test scenarios were simulated to assess voltage stability, and power flow under: 1) baseline grid operation without PV generation, 2) distributed PV integration under normal load conditions, and 3) high-demand operation near generationload equilibrium. Results show that PV integration improves voltage regulation and reduces losses through localized energy injection and bidirectional power flow. However, under peak load conditions, the system exhibits significant undervoltage, revealing the need for advanced control strategies and infrastructure reinforcement. Overall, the DT proves to be an effective analytical and decision-support tool for optimising distributed energy systems. This work provides a replicable application-oriented framework for data-driven planning in emerging Renewable Energy Communities and supports Culatra Island’s transition toward full energy self-sufficiency. Unlike prior studies that report generalized benefits of PV integration, this work explicitly identifies voltage instability thresholds under high-demand conditions in a real REC configuration, providing actionable insight into when passive operation becomes insufficient.eng
dc.description.sponsorshipGrant 0081_CEL_RURAL_6_E_V3; Grant 2023.18355.ICDT and Grant 2024.14012.PEX; Grant 2021.08721.BD.
dc.identifier.doi10.1109/access.2026.3684668
dc.identifier.issn2169-3536
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10400.1/29106
dc.language.isoeng
dc.peerreviewedyes
dc.publisherInstitute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
dc.relation.ispartofIEEE Access
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
dc.subjectDigital twin
dc.subjectEnergy management
dc.subjectRenewable energy communities
dc.subjectSmart grid
dc.titleDigital twin modelling for a renewable energy community: a case study of the culatra island’s smart grideng
dc.typejournal article
dspace.entity.typePublication
oaire.citation.titleApplied Research
oaire.citation.volume14
oaire.versionhttp://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85
person.familyNameOgunsola
person.familyNameSantos
person.familyNameMonteiro
person.familyNamePacheco
person.givenNameIdris Olalekan
person.givenNameJoni
person.givenNameJânio
person.givenNameAndré
person.identifierR-001-H74
person.identifier.ciencia-id2A18-32C5-BE9C
person.identifier.ciencia-idD019-1CF7-B156
person.identifier.ciencia-id8014-35C4-8806
person.identifier.orcid0009-0006-4793-3993
person.identifier.orcid0000-0003-0329-2507
person.identifier.orcid0000-0002-4203-1679
person.identifier.orcid0000-0002-8340-0629
person.identifier.ridO-3416-2015
person.identifier.scopus-author-id35606413800
person.identifier.scopus-author-id55432603300
relation.isAuthorOfPublication0da6f019-9df7-4ae9-85e7-a9943ce70dd2
relation.isAuthorOfPublication89957a92-b0b3-4264-9434-9c1d95e213ef
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relation.isAuthorOfPublicationaecc29d7-ccf7-4c43-bcae-fbcdfef724c8
relation.isAuthorOfPublication.latestForDiscovery89957a92-b0b3-4264-9434-9c1d95e213ef

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