Loading...
Publication
Microbioma bacteriano associado ao sistema digestivo e circulatório do choco (Sepia offcinalis, L.)
| Name: | Description: | Size: | Format: | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.52 MB | Adobe PDF |
Authors
Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
A Sepia officinalis, conhecida por choco (Portugal, Espanha) faz parte do grupo dos
cefalópodes, considerados como espécies promissoras para a diversificação na indústria
da aquacultura, e são considerados modelos biológicos para investigação, principalmente,
na Neurociência e Fisiologia Animal. No entanto, a produção em grande escala tem sido
afetada pela inexistência de alternativas nutricionais para a alimentação. Pesquisas que
são desenvolvidas para a descoberta de fontes alternativas de nutrição, estão centradas na
análise de componentes químicos dos alimentos no crescimento do choco.
A microbiota desempenha um papel importante, particularmente no funcionamento do
trato digestivo e do sistema imunitário. Através da produção e metabolização de
substâncias a microbiota pode influenciar a fisiologia e desenvolvimento do animal.
Assim neste trabalho, o objetivo fundamental foi o de obter informações da potencial
associação das comunidades bacterianas em diferentes regiões do sistema digestivo do
choco: hepatopâncreas, estomago, ceco, intestino, esófago e divertículo assim como no
sistema circulatório, nomeadamente na hemolinfa. Um segundo objetivo foi o de verificar
o potencial efeito da alimentação/ jejum nas comunidades microbianas, os animais foram
amostrados antes e depois da alimentação e extraídos os órgãos do trato digestivo e
hemolinfa.
Com base na utilização do 16SRNA ribossomal, o DNA das amostras da hemolinfa e das
regiões discretas do trato digestivo foram extraídos e amplificados por PCR e as
sequências analisadas com ferramentas bioinformáticas. Os resultados indicaram que os
animais amostrados antes da alimentação apresentaram maior diversidade em
comparação com os animais amostrados após a alimentação, com a família
Mycoplasmataceae a representarem o microbioma fundamental, e as famílias
Oxalobacteriaceae e Burkholderaceae o microbioma raro. A hemolinfa foi o local de
maior diversidade e o esófago apresentou a maior diversidade no trato digestivo.
No seu conjunto, o estudo mostrou diferenças individuais em termos de composição e
diversidade taxonómica do microbioma. A utilização desta diversidade na microbiota
poderá vir a ser importante como índice de bem-estar animal e para o desenvolvimento
de dietas comerciais para a aquacultura da espécie.
Sepia officinalis, known as cuttlefish (“choco”, Portugal, Spain) is a group of cephalopods, currently considered promising for the diversification of species in aquaculture. Also, cephalopods are considered good biological models for scientific research, mainly in Neurosciences and Animal Physiology. However, large-scale production has been affected by the lack of a nutritional alternatives to its live diet. Hence, current research on this species in the context of aquaculture is focused on the development of artificial feeds for cuttlefish growth. The microbiota plays a key role in the operation of the digestive tract and the immune system. This role is achieved through the production and metabolization of substances that may influence the physiology and development of the animal. Thus, the current work was undertaken to gather information about the potential association of bacterial communities in the cuttlefish. A first objective focused on different regions of the gastrointestinal tract: hepatopancreas, stomach, cecum, intestine, esophagus and diverticulum; and in the circulatory system, namely in the hemolymph. A second objective of the work focused on the putative effect of feeding/fasting in the configuration of microbiota. To achieve these goals cuttlefish individual tissues and hemolymph were sampled before and after feeding. Based on molecular methods, 16S ribossomal RNA, DNA from the hemolymph and digestive tract samples were extracted, amplified by PCR and sequences analyzed by using bioinformatic tools. Analysis of the results indicated that animals sampled before feeding had greater diversity in the microbiomes when compared to animals sampled after feeding. The Mycoplasmataceae was “the” family in the core biome. In turn, the families Oxalobacteriaceae and Burkholderaceae represented the rare biome. Hemolymph showed the greatest microbiome diversity of all samples. While the esophagus was the tissue with the highest diversity in the digestive tract. Analysis of individual animals revealed differences in composition and taxonomic diversity. This study opens perspectives for conducting research aimed at the discovery of probiotics in cuttlefish aquaculture.
Sepia officinalis, known as cuttlefish (“choco”, Portugal, Spain) is a group of cephalopods, currently considered promising for the diversification of species in aquaculture. Also, cephalopods are considered good biological models for scientific research, mainly in Neurosciences and Animal Physiology. However, large-scale production has been affected by the lack of a nutritional alternatives to its live diet. Hence, current research on this species in the context of aquaculture is focused on the development of artificial feeds for cuttlefish growth. The microbiota plays a key role in the operation of the digestive tract and the immune system. This role is achieved through the production and metabolization of substances that may influence the physiology and development of the animal. Thus, the current work was undertaken to gather information about the potential association of bacterial communities in the cuttlefish. A first objective focused on different regions of the gastrointestinal tract: hepatopancreas, stomach, cecum, intestine, esophagus and diverticulum; and in the circulatory system, namely in the hemolymph. A second objective of the work focused on the putative effect of feeding/fasting in the configuration of microbiota. To achieve these goals cuttlefish individual tissues and hemolymph were sampled before and after feeding. Based on molecular methods, 16S ribossomal RNA, DNA from the hemolymph and digestive tract samples were extracted, amplified by PCR and sequences analyzed by using bioinformatic tools. Analysis of the results indicated that animals sampled before feeding had greater diversity in the microbiomes when compared to animals sampled after feeding. The Mycoplasmataceae was “the” family in the core biome. In turn, the families Oxalobacteriaceae and Burkholderaceae represented the rare biome. Hemolymph showed the greatest microbiome diversity of all samples. While the esophagus was the tissue with the highest diversity in the digestive tract. Analysis of individual animals revealed differences in composition and taxonomic diversity. This study opens perspectives for conducting research aimed at the discovery of probiotics in cuttlefish aquaculture.
Description
Keywords
Microbioma Diversidade Trato digestivo Hemolinfa Choco Microbioma fundamental Microbioma total Microbioma raro