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Alterações nos perfis de expressão de microRNAs em resposta ao tratamento cirúrgico da obesidade
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Abstract(s)
A obesidade é um grave problema de saúde pública. Embora existam diversos tratamentos, incluindo os farmacológicos, a cirurgia bariátrica (CB) é reconhecida como a maneira mais eficaz de perder uma quantidade significativa de peso de forma sustentada, e de ver uma melhoria em várias comorbidades relacionadas.
Os microRNA (miRNAs) têm uma função crucial na regulação pós-transcricional da expressão de vários genes importantes em diversos processos biológicos e patológicos. Estes apresentam uma boa estabilidade e especificidade sendo por isso bons potenciais biomarcadores. Parece ser útil perceber se estes poderão ser biomarcadores preditivos de melhores resultados da CB e se havendo alterações nos seus níveis do período pré-cirúrgico para o pós-cirúrgico, estarão estes implicados neste processo, e portanto, poderão ser tanto potenciais moléculas terapêuticas ou alvos terapêuticos, para o tratamento da obesidade.
Deste modo, com esta monografia pretendeu-se realizar uma revisão do tipo scoping review segundo as diretrizes PRISMA-ScR tendo como objeto de estudo a bibliografia existente nas bases de dados Pubmed, Web Of Science e Scopus, de forma a identificar os miRNAs que estão a ser estudados pela sua relação à cirurgia bariátrica e as possíveis alterações nos miRNAs após cirurgia.
A pesquisa inicial resultou num total de 132 artigos, após a triagem dos mesmos a revisão baseou-se em 29 artigos para análise dos metadados, população e amostragem, dos quais 21 foram analisados quanto às alterações observadas nos diferentes miRNAs circulantes. Verificou-se que um total de 156 miRNAs com a expressão alterada, sendo os miRNA-122, miRNA-21 e miRNA-148a os que se encontravam alterados em mais artigos. Concluiu-se que vários miRNAs sofrem alteração após CB, pelo que estes poderão ser utilizados como biomarcadores ou considerados potenciais alvos terapêuticos, ainda que tenham que ser realizados mais estudos para esclarecer algumas das inconsistências encontradas.
Obesity is a serious public health problem. Although several treatments exist, including pharmacologic ones, bariatric surgery (CB) is recognized as the most effective way to lose a significant amount of weight and see an improvement in several related comorbidities. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play a crucial role in post-transcriptional regulation of the expression of several important genes in diverse biological and pathological processes. These have good stability and specificity hence being good potential biomarkers. Therefore, it seems to be useful to understand whether these could be biomarkers predictive of best CB results, whether there are changes in their levels from the pre-surgical to the post-surgical period and if they will be implicated in this process, and therefore, could be either potential therapeutic molecules or therapeutic targets for the treatment of obesity. With this dissertation, I intended to carry out a scoping review according to the PRISMA-ScR guidelines, having as object of study the existing bibliography in Pubmed, Web Of Science and Scopus databases, in order to identify the miRNAs that are being studied for their relation with CB and the possible changes in miRNAs after surgery. The initial search resulted in a total of 132 articles. After screening, the review was based on 29 articles for analysis of metadata, population and sampling of which 21 were analyzed for the changes observed in the different circulating miRNAs. It was found that a total of 156 miRNAs had altered expression, with miRNA-122, miRNA-21 and miRNA-148a being the ones that were altered in the most articles. It was concluded that several miRNAs undergo changes after CB so they can be used as biomarkers or be considered potential therapeutic targets, although further research must be done in order to clarify some inconsistencies.
Obesity is a serious public health problem. Although several treatments exist, including pharmacologic ones, bariatric surgery (CB) is recognized as the most effective way to lose a significant amount of weight and see an improvement in several related comorbidities. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play a crucial role in post-transcriptional regulation of the expression of several important genes in diverse biological and pathological processes. These have good stability and specificity hence being good potential biomarkers. Therefore, it seems to be useful to understand whether these could be biomarkers predictive of best CB results, whether there are changes in their levels from the pre-surgical to the post-surgical period and if they will be implicated in this process, and therefore, could be either potential therapeutic molecules or therapeutic targets for the treatment of obesity. With this dissertation, I intended to carry out a scoping review according to the PRISMA-ScR guidelines, having as object of study the existing bibliography in Pubmed, Web Of Science and Scopus databases, in order to identify the miRNAs that are being studied for their relation with CB and the possible changes in miRNAs after surgery. The initial search resulted in a total of 132 articles. After screening, the review was based on 29 articles for analysis of metadata, population and sampling of which 21 were analyzed for the changes observed in the different circulating miRNAs. It was found that a total of 156 miRNAs had altered expression, with miRNA-122, miRNA-21 and miRNA-148a being the ones that were altered in the most articles. It was concluded that several miRNAs undergo changes after CB so they can be used as biomarkers or be considered potential therapeutic targets, although further research must be done in order to clarify some inconsistencies.
Description
Keywords
Obesidade Cirurgia bariátrica Scoping review MicroRNA