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Drought, fire and grazing precursors to large-scale pine forest decline

dc.contributor.authorConnor, Simon
dc.contributor.authorAraújo, João
dc.contributor.authorBoski, Tomasz
dc.contributor.authorGomes, Ana
dc.contributor.authorGomes, Sandra D.
dc.contributor.authorLeira, Manel
dc.contributor.authorFreitas, Maria da Conceição
dc.contributor.authorAndrade, Cesar
dc.contributor.authorMorales‐Molino, César
dc.contributor.authorFranco‐Múgica, Fátima
dc.contributor.authorAkindola, Rufus B.
dc.contributor.authorVannière, Boris
dc.date.accessioned2021-04-15T17:14:27Z
dc.date.available2021-04-15T17:14:27Z
dc.date.issued2021
dc.description.abstractAim Temperate forests are currently facing multiple stresses due to climate change, biological invasions, habitat fragmentation and fire regime change. How these stressors interact with each other influences how, when and whether ecosystems recover, or whether they adapt or transition to a different ecological state. Because forest recovery or collapse may take longer than a human lifetime, predicting the outcomes of different stressor combinations remains difficult. A clearer vision of future forest trajectories in a changing world may be gained by examining collapses of forests in the past. Here, we use long-term ecological data to conduct a post-mortem examination of the decline of maritime pine forests (Pinus pinaster Ait.) on the SW Iberian Peninsula 7000-6500 years ago. Location Portugal and Spain. Methods We compared four palaeoecological records-two with pine declines and two without-using a multiproxy approach. Bioclimatic differences between the four sites were explored. Proxies for past vegetation and disturbance (fire and grazing) were compared with independent palaeoclimatic records. We performed functional traits analysis and used phase plots to examine the causes of pine decline. Results The pine decline represents a critical transition in SW Iberia, which lies close to maritime pine's bioclimatic limits. Prolonged drought likely killed trees and suppressed the fires that normally stimulate pine germination and pinewood recovery. Increased grazing pressure facilitated the rapid spread of resprouter shrubs. These competed with pine trees and ultimately replaced them. Our data highlight complex interactions between climate, fire, grazing and forest resilience. Main Conclusions The pine decline occurred at least a century after post-fire resprouters overtook obligate seeders in the vegetation, constituting an early-warning signal of forest loss. Fire suppression, resprouter encroachment and grazing may threaten the persistence of Mediterranean forests as droughts become more frequent and extreme.pt_PT
dc.description.sponsorshipPTDC/AAC--CLI/108518/2008pt_PT
dc.description.versioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionpt_PT
dc.identifier.doi10.1111/ddi.13261pt_PT
dc.identifier.issn1366-9516
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10400.1/15392
dc.language.isoengpt_PT
dc.peerreviewedyespt_PT
dc.publisherWiley Open Accesspt_PT
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/pt_PT
dc.subjectFire regime changept_PT
dc.subjectPhase plotspt_PT
dc.subjectForest dynamicspt_PT
dc.subjectTipping pointpt_PT
dc.subjectFunctional traits analysispt_PT
dc.subjectPalaeoecologypt_PT
dc.titleDrought, fire and grazing precursors to large-scale pine forest declinept_PT
dc.typejournal article
dspace.entity.typePublication
oaire.citation.titleDiversity and Distributionspt_PT
person.familyNameConnor
person.familyNameBoski
person.familyNameGomes
person.givenNameSimon
person.givenNameTomasz
person.givenNameAna
person.identifier1096134
person.identifier.ciencia-id171B-8713-654E
person.identifier.ciencia-id1416-B317-51D1
person.identifier.ciencia-id331B-BA33-96A6
person.identifier.orcid0000-0001-5685-2390
person.identifier.orcid0000-0003-2462-4179
person.identifier.orcid0000-0002-9793-4816
person.identifier.ridC-3969-2015
person.identifier.scopus-author-id7102766997
person.identifier.scopus-author-id6602267486
person.identifier.scopus-author-id56346514200
rcaap.rightsopenAccesspt_PT
rcaap.typearticlept_PT
relation.isAuthorOfPublicatione75ca68e-b2e4-48e6-b219-74238ca34c3b
relation.isAuthorOfPublicationa857b0c7-90ab-473b-a62e-e92b452e604d
relation.isAuthorOfPublicationb817de07-1b4e-4fec-a119-387bb392d88f
relation.isAuthorOfPublication.latestForDiscoveryb817de07-1b4e-4fec-a119-387bb392d88f

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