Brown seaweeds as a source of anti-hyaluronidase compounds

Arunkumar, K.; Raj, Reeshma; Rathinam, Raja; Carvalho, Isabel S

http://hdl.handle.net/10400.1/16764

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Abstract(s)

Hyaluronidase enzymes disrupt hyaluronic acid, causing angiogenesis, tumor invasiveness, metastasis, inflammation, and skin aging. Phlorotannin, alginate and fucoidan were extracted successively from the blade and stipe samples of two Sargassum seaweeds and Eisenia arborea thallus. These were evaluated for their in vitro anti-hyaluronidase and antioxidant activities (DPPH and reducing power assay). The crude phlorotannin content was highest in the blade of S. tenerrimum (22.405 +/- 3.6 mu g/mg), followed by S. vulgare blade (18.385 +/- 3.29 mu g/mg) with lower amounts in the stipe portion. The highest yield of alginate and fucoidans was obtained from the blade samples of S. vulgare (0.322 +/- 0.38 and 0.198 +/- 0.016%), followed by S. tenerrimum (0.090 +/- 0.01 and 0.063 +/- 0.005%) and E. arborea thallus (0.047 +/- 0.008 and 0.032 +/- 0.003%). The sulfate content was higher in fucoidan than alginate extracted from the stipe regions of the seaweeds. Phlorotannin, fucoidan and alginate from S. vulgare, S. tenerrimum, and E. arborea possessed anti-hyaluronidase activity as evident by a decrease in the N-acetylglucosamine release. The highest anti-hyaluronidase activity was achieved in the extract of S. tennerimum blade (37.67 +/- 2.3% inhibition) due to its high phlorotannin content. Alginate and fucoidan extracted from the stipes of Sargassum species possess higher bioactivities than the blade samples. The FTIR study ascertained that alginate with a high guluronic acid and high sulfated fucoidan were extracted from the stipe samples compared to the blade samples. This increased viscosity and promoted bioactivity respectively. Further studies to evaluate the emulsifying and viscosity properties of these compounds are required before they can be considered for commercial applications.