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Gestão de campos de golfe em contexto turístico: estudo de caso da região do Algarve
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Abstract(s)
OBJETIVOS: O golfe, como indústria, foi posta em causa pelo surgimento de uma
pandemia provocada pelo vírus SARS-CoV-2. Procurou-se saber se, e de que forma, os
campos de golfe do Algarve se adaptaram ou não a uma nova realidade com dois períodos
de encerramento, menos clientes e menos funcionários, durante a pandemia Covid-19.
Avaliar ainda, se a gestão dos campos aproveitou para fazer alterações substanciais no
seu modelo de negócio, nas infraestruturas e recursos humanos.
O encerramento dos campos de golfe durante um período alargado foi inédito, mas,
permitiu investigar implicações importantes para os modelos de gestão dos campos de
golfe, focando especificamente a temática da sustentabilidade ambiental na perspetiva da
visão dos diretores e a perceção dos greenkeepers quanto à gestão ambiental dos campos
de golfe e consequentemente as ações implementadas e identificar as alterações na gestão
ambiental dos campos no cenário pós-Covid.
METODOLOGIA: Foram aplicados questionários a 28 diretores e a 18 grenkeepers dos
campos de golfe do Algarve. Os questionários, adaptados de Pradas (2016), foram na sua
grande maioria entregues de forma presencial, para que quaisquer dúvidas no
preenchimento dos mesmos pudessem ser esclarecidas.
O instrumento desenhado referiu-se primeiro às características da gestão dos campos de
golfe. Na segunda parte do questionário procurou-se medir a importância de eventuais
alterações realizadas durante os períodos de interrupção da atividade. O inquérito
destinado aos GKs foi constituído por 18 questões que aferiram as características da
inventariação do tempo dedicadas ao tratamento das várias áreas do campo de golfe e a
importância das atividades que estes realizam para tornar o campo de golfe sustentável
ambientalmente. Para este estudo descritivo a análise estatística foi realizada utilizando o software IBM
SPSS Statistics versão 27. Foi realizada uma análise descritiva da amostra das diferentes
variáveis. As variáveis qualitativas (e.g., género, posse de certificação ISO), são descritas
utilizando as frequências e percentagens correspondentes a cada categoria definida na
variável. As variáveis quantitativas (e.g., idade), são descritas pela média e desvio padrão.
RESULTADOS: As respostas obtidas revelam que a generalidade dos campos de golfe
não alterou profundamente o seu modelo de gestão para além da obrigatoriedade de
elaborar planos de contingência para evitar a propagação da doença. A maioria dos
campos recorreu às medidas de apoio do Estado, fez alterações no número dos seus
recursos humanos e centrou a atenção em atrair clientes adaptando os preços.
Os diretores dos campos não consideraram a sustentabilidade ambiental como um dos
fatores mais importantes na gestão dos campos de golfe. Relativamente à intervenção dos
GKs, estes revelaram ter conhecimento das boas práticas ambientais para campos de
golfe. Os resultados evidenciam o suporte de todos os GKs à importância de ter um campo
de golfe ambientalmente sustentável. Contudo, as razões apontadas para alcançar esse
objetivo são maioritariamente de ordem económica, nomeadamente para “reduzir
custos”.
CONCLUSÕES: A atividade do golfe no Algarve foi retomada, com uma manutenção
do fluxo da maioria dos campos e alguns campos a terem registado até um aumento do
fluxo de atividade do seu campo. Conclui-se que a generalidade dos campos de golfe não
alterou profundamente o seu modelo de gestão para além da obrigatoriedade de elaborar
planos de contingência para evitar a propagação da doença. Relativamente à perspetiva
ambiental, esta não é um dos três fatores considerados importantes para o gestor dos
campos de golfe. De acordo com a opinião e ação dos GKs este estudo permite concluir
que as principais atividades realizadas para tornar o campo de golfe sustentável
ambientalmente são o desenvolvimento de um plano para armazenamento e uso seguro
de pesticidas. Neste enquadramento, evitar a contaminação, o escolher fertilizantes e
pesticidas, corretivos orgânicos do solo e o uso de técnicas para economizar água, são as ações consideradas mais importantes para que o campo de golfe seja ambientalmente
sustentável.
OBJETIVES: The golf, as an industry, has been called into question because of the COVID-19 pandemic. This paper studies how the golf courses in the Algarve coped with the pandemic and how they adapted to this new reality: with two periods of close down, less customers and less staff. We asses as well if the management entities took opportunity to change or develop their business model, infrastructures, or human resources. The prolonged closing of golf courses was a novelty, but allowed investigations to take place, regarding the management models of the courses – mainly the sustainability area in the perspective of directors and greenkeepers perceptions of environmental management and measures implemented after the Covid. METHODOLOGY: There were 28 directors of golf courses that reply to the enquiry, and 18 greenkeepers that did the same. The queries were in their majority delivered in personal, in case there was any doubt during the filling of the paper. The query asked about the characteristic of the management of the golf courses. The second part measured the importance given to hypothetic changes during the periods of close down. The query filled by the GKs had 18 questions about the time spend in the courses, and the tasks/activities done that made the course more sustainable and environmentally friendly. In order to accomplish this study, it was used the software IBM SPSS Statistics version 27. Firstly, it was done a descriptive analysis of the samples of the several variables: qualitative variables (gender, ISO certification) are described using the frequency and percentages correspondent to each category of the variable. The quantitative variables (age) are described by the average value and standard deviation. RESULTS: The answers obtain revealed that the great majority of the courses did not change their management model, besides the fact that they are now obliged to have contingency plans to avoid the propagation of Covid. Most of the courses asked help from the government to change the quantity of their human resources and adapt the prices to the customers. Regarding the directors of the fields, they don’t consider the environmental aspect as one of the most important ones for the management of the courses. The GKs revealed to have good environmental practices towards the fields. The results show that the majority of the GKs defend sustainable practices, but most of the time these practices are not monetary speaking sustainable. CONCLUSION: The path pursued to restore the golf in the Algarve, as an industry and economy was made gradually, with some golf courses considering that the occupancy post Covid-19 was higher than before the pandemic situation. We conclude that the fields seem to have not built solid basis to return to the numbers they were doing before the Covid appear, having the answers they gave to the query in background. Regarding the environment, and according to the GK’s, this study allows us to conclude that the main activities done to make the course more sustainable are the developing of a plan for pesticides/improvers and their use and measures to save and economize the water usage.
OBJETIVES: The golf, as an industry, has been called into question because of the COVID-19 pandemic. This paper studies how the golf courses in the Algarve coped with the pandemic and how they adapted to this new reality: with two periods of close down, less customers and less staff. We asses as well if the management entities took opportunity to change or develop their business model, infrastructures, or human resources. The prolonged closing of golf courses was a novelty, but allowed investigations to take place, regarding the management models of the courses – mainly the sustainability area in the perspective of directors and greenkeepers perceptions of environmental management and measures implemented after the Covid. METHODOLOGY: There were 28 directors of golf courses that reply to the enquiry, and 18 greenkeepers that did the same. The queries were in their majority delivered in personal, in case there was any doubt during the filling of the paper. The query asked about the characteristic of the management of the golf courses. The second part measured the importance given to hypothetic changes during the periods of close down. The query filled by the GKs had 18 questions about the time spend in the courses, and the tasks/activities done that made the course more sustainable and environmentally friendly. In order to accomplish this study, it was used the software IBM SPSS Statistics version 27. Firstly, it was done a descriptive analysis of the samples of the several variables: qualitative variables (gender, ISO certification) are described using the frequency and percentages correspondent to each category of the variable. The quantitative variables (age) are described by the average value and standard deviation. RESULTS: The answers obtain revealed that the great majority of the courses did not change their management model, besides the fact that they are now obliged to have contingency plans to avoid the propagation of Covid. Most of the courses asked help from the government to change the quantity of their human resources and adapt the prices to the customers. Regarding the directors of the fields, they don’t consider the environmental aspect as one of the most important ones for the management of the courses. The GKs revealed to have good environmental practices towards the fields. The results show that the majority of the GKs defend sustainable practices, but most of the time these practices are not monetary speaking sustainable. CONCLUSION: The path pursued to restore the golf in the Algarve, as an industry and economy was made gradually, with some golf courses considering that the occupancy post Covid-19 was higher than before the pandemic situation. We conclude that the fields seem to have not built solid basis to return to the numbers they were doing before the Covid appear, having the answers they gave to the query in background. Regarding the environment, and according to the GK’s, this study allows us to conclude that the main activities done to make the course more sustainable are the developing of a plan for pesticides/improvers and their use and measures to save and economize the water usage.
Description
Keywords
Covid 19 Gestão de golfe Sustentabilidade Turismo