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Contributos da participação pública na construção da consciência ambiental no âmbito do processo de avaliação ambiental
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| 14.73 MB | Adobe PDF |
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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
A avaliação ambiental é uma ferramenta proactiva que avalia os impactos ambientais de dada
proposta. O procedimento de avaliação tem várias fases, que cooperam para uma tutela preventiva e
sustentável do ambiente. A participação pública tornou-se numa das suas partes vitais, por alertar o senso comum dos efeitos negativos das soluções adotadas, enriquecer as metodologias de
planeamento e estimular a cidadania ativa. Contudo, tem enfrentado problemas e suscitado dúvidas
quanto à sua aplicação, resultando num certo ceticismo sobre o desempenho e poder de influenciar decisões.
O objetivo do trabalho consiste na análise dos contributos da participação pública na construção
da consciência ambiental no âmbito do processo de avaliação ambiental, bem como, descrever a
experiência adquirida no atelier de arquitetura paisagista FHN Group, em Faro e apresentar os
resultados da investigação aplicada sobre as fases de participação pública da Avaliação de Impacte
Ambiental do Campo de Golfe da Feitoria Fenícia e da Avaliação Ambiental Estratégica do Plano de Pormenor da Feitoria Fenícia (Silves).
Os resultados revelam que a participação pública, de forma geral, é reduzida e que o défice
participativo provém de várias barreiras que afetam a capacidade de participação dos indivíduos,
nomeadamente a dificuldade de acesso à informação e o facto de, por vezes, estas ações serem geralmente teatrais para que, determinado projeto/plano seja aprovado e não como auxiliares na
tomada de decisão.
No entanto, considera-se que ao longo dos últimos anos, estes processos têm-se tornado numa
ferramenta cuja capacidade de resposta foi melhorada, em que a qualidade das decisões tomadas
melhorou, sobretudo nas medidas de mitigação adotadas, no uso de premissas mais rigorosas e, eventualmente, a não implementação de propostas potencialmente prejudiciais ao ambiente que, em situação anterior, poderiam ter sido aprovadas. Os contributos propostos assentam numa nova estrutura de participação pública, para potenciar a construção da consciência ambiental das
comunidades.
Environmental assessment is a proactive tool that evaluates the environmental impacts of a given proposal. The evaluation procedure has several stages, which cooperate to a preventive and sustainable protection of the environment. Public participation has become one of its vital parts, as it alerts common sense to the negative effects of the adopted solutions, enriches planning methodologies and encourages active citizenship. However, it has faced problems and raised doubts about its application, resulting in some skepticism about performance and power to influence decisions. The objective of this work is to analyze the contributions of public participation in the construction of environmental awareness regarding the environmental assessment process, as well as to describe the experience acquired in the landscape architecture atelier FHN Group in Faro and bring forward the results of the research on the public participation phases of the Environmental Impact Assessment of the Feitoria Fenícia Golf Course and of the Strategic Environmental Assessment of the Detailed Plan of Feitoria Fenícia (Silves). The results show that public participation, in general, is low and that this participatory deficit comes from various barriers that affect the ability of individuals to participate, namely the difficulty of accessing information and the fact that sometimes these actions are somewhat theatrical, so that a given project/plan is actually approved and not as means in the decision-making process. However, it is considered that over the past few years, these processes have become a tool whose responsiveness has been enhanced, in which the quality of decisions taken has improved especially in the adopted mitigation measures regarding the use of more rigorous assumptions and, eventually, the non-implementation of proposals that are potentially harmful to the environment that in a previous scenario could have been approved. The contributions proposed are based on a new structure of public participation, to enhance the construction of environmental awareness in the communities.
Environmental assessment is a proactive tool that evaluates the environmental impacts of a given proposal. The evaluation procedure has several stages, which cooperate to a preventive and sustainable protection of the environment. Public participation has become one of its vital parts, as it alerts common sense to the negative effects of the adopted solutions, enriches planning methodologies and encourages active citizenship. However, it has faced problems and raised doubts about its application, resulting in some skepticism about performance and power to influence decisions. The objective of this work is to analyze the contributions of public participation in the construction of environmental awareness regarding the environmental assessment process, as well as to describe the experience acquired in the landscape architecture atelier FHN Group in Faro and bring forward the results of the research on the public participation phases of the Environmental Impact Assessment of the Feitoria Fenícia Golf Course and of the Strategic Environmental Assessment of the Detailed Plan of Feitoria Fenícia (Silves). The results show that public participation, in general, is low and that this participatory deficit comes from various barriers that affect the ability of individuals to participate, namely the difficulty of accessing information and the fact that sometimes these actions are somewhat theatrical, so that a given project/plan is actually approved and not as means in the decision-making process. However, it is considered that over the past few years, these processes have become a tool whose responsiveness has been enhanced, in which the quality of decisions taken has improved especially in the adopted mitigation measures regarding the use of more rigorous assumptions and, eventually, the non-implementation of proposals that are potentially harmful to the environment that in a previous scenario could have been approved. The contributions proposed are based on a new structure of public participation, to enhance the construction of environmental awareness in the communities.
Description
Keywords
Participação pública Avaliação de impacte ambiental Avaliação ambiental estratégica Consciência ambiental Sustentabilidade e cidadania ativa.