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Publication
A atividade transitária nos países da Zona Euro: um contributo multidimensional para a gestão
| Name: | Description: | Size: | Format: | |
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| 2.77 MB | Adobe PDF |
Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
O transporte de cargas requer planeamento e organização da logística associada. Quando
essas atividades logísticas, relacionadas com a importação e exportação, são terceirizadas,
passam normalmente para empresas transitárias, especializadas no transporte
internacional de mercadorias. Nesse contexto, a realização do transporte de cargas
envolve uma infinidade de exportadores, importadores, requisitos e aspetos legais, bem
como a seleção dos modais de transporte a serem utilizados.
Tendo em conta a relevância das empresas transitárias e do setor e por forma a apoiar a
decisão de um operador que pretenda entrar no mercado ou que já esteja presente, esta
investigação foi realizada para dezanove países da União Europeia, com dados do período
de 2009 a 2018. Para este efeito, aplicou-se o método exploratório de análise multivariada
de dados multibloco de três vias, COSTATIS (Thioulouse, 2011), para analisar, como um
todo, as relações entre uma primeira estrutura, constituída por descritores sobre as
Empresas Transitárias, Importações e Exportações, e outra formada pelos descritores dos
Modais de Transporte Aéreo, Marítimo, Fluvial, Rodoviário e Ferroviário.
Verificou-se que o número de empresas transitárias, importações e exportações
apresentou um comportamento não totalmente alinhado com a evolução da utilização dos
modais. Além disso, foram encontrados dois padrões específicos de comportamento de
uso de modais e dois padrões de número de empresas de agenciamento de carga,
importação e exportação. Foram caraterizados os diferentes níveis de influência entre as
duas estruturas de dados.
Foi produzido um diagnóstico, que configura uma ferramenta facilitadora para o processo
de tomada de decisão pelas empresas transitárias.
The transportation of cargo requires planning and organizing the associated logistics. When these logistics related to import and export are outsourced, they are usually transferred to freight forwarding companies specializing in the international transport of goods. In this context, carrying out the transportation of cargo involves a multitude of exporters, importers, requirements, and legal aspects, as well as the selection of the modes of transport to be used. Taking into account the relevance of freight forwarding companies and the sector and in order to support the decision of an operator wishing to enter the market or that is already present, this research was carried out for nineteen countries of the European Union, with data from the period between 2009 and 2018. For this purpose, the exploratory method of multivariate analysis of Three-Way Multiblock data, COSTATIS (Thioulouse, 2011), was applied to analyse, as a whole, the relationships between a first structure, consisting of descriptors on the Companies Forwarding, Import and Export, and another formed by descriptors of Air, Maritime, Fluvial, Road, and Rail Transport Modals. It was found that the number of freight forwarding companies, imports and exports presented a behavior not fully aligned with the evolution of the use of modals. Also, two specific behavioral patterns of modal use and two patterns of the number of freight forwarding companies and imports and exports were found. The different levels of influence between the two data structures were characterized. A diagnosis was produced, which configures a facilitating tool for the decision-making process by freight forwarders.
The transportation of cargo requires planning and organizing the associated logistics. When these logistics related to import and export are outsourced, they are usually transferred to freight forwarding companies specializing in the international transport of goods. In this context, carrying out the transportation of cargo involves a multitude of exporters, importers, requirements, and legal aspects, as well as the selection of the modes of transport to be used. Taking into account the relevance of freight forwarding companies and the sector and in order to support the decision of an operator wishing to enter the market or that is already present, this research was carried out for nineteen countries of the European Union, with data from the period between 2009 and 2018. For this purpose, the exploratory method of multivariate analysis of Three-Way Multiblock data, COSTATIS (Thioulouse, 2011), was applied to analyse, as a whole, the relationships between a first structure, consisting of descriptors on the Companies Forwarding, Import and Export, and another formed by descriptors of Air, Maritime, Fluvial, Road, and Rail Transport Modals. It was found that the number of freight forwarding companies, imports and exports presented a behavior not fully aligned with the evolution of the use of modals. Also, two specific behavioral patterns of modal use and two patterns of the number of freight forwarding companies and imports and exports were found. The different levels of influence between the two data structures were characterized. A diagnosis was produced, which configures a facilitating tool for the decision-making process by freight forwarders.
Description
Keywords
Logística Empresas transitárias COSTATIS Modais de transportes.