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Comparação entre redes públicas de saneamento urbano em Portugal e no Brasil: semelhanças e diferenças nos contextos técnico, legislativo e ambiental
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Abstract(s)
As redes públicas de saneamento em áreas urbanas são componentes do sistema de saneamento básico, sendo fundamentais para garantir a saúde das populações. Para assegurar o mais adequado funcionamento dessas redes, cada Estado é responsável por desenvolver ferramentas de gestão de recursos hídricos, instrumentos legislativos e normativas técnicas.
Em Portugal cerca de 73% do abastecimento de água é realizado por gestões diretas, enquanto no Brasil é de 70%. A Entidade Reguladora dos Serviços de Águas e Resíduos (ERSAR) e o Sistema Nacional de Informações sobre Saneamento (SNIS) são responsáveis por fazer análises de dados sobre a situação do saneamento, respetivamente, em Portugal e no Brasil. Sabe-se que os parâmetros de análise adotados pela ERSAR são mais focados na qualidade do serviço prestado. Enquanto os parâmetros do SNIS se referem, principalmente, a cobertura de serviços de saneamento assistidos pela população e como os recursos financeiros são investidos.
O objetivo deste trabalho foi a análise comparativa de forma como a água é gerida e enquadrada em meio urbano, nos contextos técnico, legislativo e ambiental, entre Portugal e Brasil. Mais concretamente, pretendeu-se estabelecer a comparação entre redes de abastecimento, e de drenagem de águas residuais domésticas e de águas pluviais. O método adotado para comparar as normativas técnicas foi através de dimensionamento das redes de saneamento de um caso de estudo em Presidente Prudente. Para tal foram utilizados documentos legislativos e normativos portugueses e brasileiros, para além de diferentes modelos de análise computacional. Os resultados demonstram o impacto das diferenças legislativas de critérios de projetos na rede em ambos os países, com implicações quer nas vazões de projeto, quer na constituição das próprias redes.
Public sanitation networks in urban areas are components of the basic sanitation system to ensure the health of the population. To ensure the most adequate operation of these networks, each State has the responsibility to develop water resources management, legislative instruments and technical regulations. In Portugal, around 73% of the water supply is made by direct managements, while Brazil possesses around 70% state operators. The ERSAR and SNIS are, respectively, responsible for the data analysis of the conditions of sanitation in Portugal and Brazil. It is known that the analysis parameters adopted by the ERSAR refer to the quality of the service provided. While the SNIS parameters are more focused to the coverage of the sanitation services and how the financial resources are invested. The objective of this work was the comparative analysis of how water is managed and framed in the urban environment, in the technical, legislative, and environmental contexts, between Portugal and Brazil. More specifically, it was intended to establish a comparison between supply networks, and domestic wastewater and rainwater drainage networks. The method adopted to compare the technical norms was through the dimensioning of the sanitation networks of a case study in Presidente Prudente. For this purpose, Portuguese and Brazilian legislative and normative documents were used, as well as different models of computational analysis. The results demonstrate the impact of legislative differences in project criteria on the network in both countries, with implications both on project flows and on the structure of the networks themselves.
Public sanitation networks in urban areas are components of the basic sanitation system to ensure the health of the population. To ensure the most adequate operation of these networks, each State has the responsibility to develop water resources management, legislative instruments and technical regulations. In Portugal, around 73% of the water supply is made by direct managements, while Brazil possesses around 70% state operators. The ERSAR and SNIS are, respectively, responsible for the data analysis of the conditions of sanitation in Portugal and Brazil. It is known that the analysis parameters adopted by the ERSAR refer to the quality of the service provided. While the SNIS parameters are more focused to the coverage of the sanitation services and how the financial resources are invested. The objective of this work was the comparative analysis of how water is managed and framed in the urban environment, in the technical, legislative, and environmental contexts, between Portugal and Brazil. More specifically, it was intended to establish a comparison between supply networks, and domestic wastewater and rainwater drainage networks. The method adopted to compare the technical norms was through the dimensioning of the sanitation networks of a case study in Presidente Prudente. For this purpose, Portuguese and Brazilian legislative and normative documents were used, as well as different models of computational analysis. The results demonstrate the impact of legislative differences in project criteria on the network in both countries, with implications both on project flows and on the structure of the networks themselves.
Description
Keywords
Saneamento Abastecimento de água Drenagem de águas residuais Drenagem de águas pluviais Brasil Portugal