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A representação social do trabalho como preditor do commitment e do burnout
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O estudo da saúde mental dos trabalhadores tem recebido uma crescente atenção nas últimas décadas devido à globalização e às várias mudanças que se tem verificado no ambiente de trabalho. Dessas mudanças, destaca-se a intensificação do trabalho, a alta produtividade, o avanço tecnológico e a precarização das relações de trabalho (Zanelli, 2010, cit. por Mundim, 2012).
As mudanças verificadas, para além de terem a si associadas alterações no local de trabalho, vão implicar alterações no trabalhador e que nem sempre resultam em consequências positivas.
No sentido de compreender esta relação, o estudo procura compreender em que medida a representação social do trabalho é um preditor do commitment e do burnout nos trabalhadores portugueses.
O conceito de representação social é frequentemente utilizado nas ciências sociais e humanas (Castro, 2002; Wolter, 2018) e pode ser definido como um sistema de crenças enraizadas no contexto histórico e cultural influenciado por mitos, valores e crenças pré-existentes e que são partilhados pela memória social dos sujeitos (Pavetti, 2005, cit. por Faria, 2019).
De forma a entender em que medida a representação social influência o commitment nos trabalhadores foi desenvolvido um estudo que procura compreender a relação entre estes dois construtos.
Assim, o commitment é definido como um laço psicológico que caracteriza a ligação do indivíduo à organização e que reduz a probabilidade de ele a abandonar (Allen & Meyer, 2000).
Analisado o conceito e as suas consequências foi possível denotar que vários estudos têm sido desenvolvidos no âmbito de compreender a relação existente entre o commitment e o burnout. Quando procedemos à análise e à avaliação do burnout nos trabalhadores, os autores afirmam que o commitment deveria ser considerado um dos principais fatores na explicação do surgimento do burnout (Enginyurt, Cankaya, Aksay, Tunc, Koc, Bas & Ozel, 2016).
Nesse sentido, o burnout define-se como uma resposta ao stress laboral crónico e que refere a uma experiência subjetiva de caráter negativo e que é composta por cognições, emoções e atitudes negativas no ambiente de trabalho (Gil-Monte, 2005).
The study of workers' mental health has received increasing attention in recent decades due to globalization and the various changes that have taken place in the work environment. Of these changes, the intensification of work, high productivity, technological advances and precarious work relationships stand out (Zanelli, 2010, cit. por Mundim, 2012). The changes observed, in addition to having associated changes in the workplace, will imply changes in the worker and which do not always result in positive consequences. In order to understand this relationship, the study seeks to understand to what extent the social representation of work is a predictor of commitment and burnout in portuguese workers. The concept of social representation is often used in the social and human sciences (Castro, 2002; Wolter, 2018) and can be defined as a system of beliefs rooted in the historical and cultural context influenced by pre-existing myths, values and beliefs that are shared by the subjects' social memory (Pavetti, 2005, cit. por Faria, 2019). In order to understand the extent to which social representation influences commitment on workers, a study was developed that seeks to understand the relationship between these two constructs. Thus, commitment is defined as a psychological bond that characterizes the individual's connection to the organization and reduces the likelihood that he will abandon it (Allen & Meyer, 2000). Analyzing the concept and its consequences, it was possible to denote that several studies have been developed in order to understand the relationship between commitment and burnout. When analyzing and evaluating burnout in workers, the authors state that commitment should be considered one of the main factors to explaining the emergence of burnout (Enginyurt, Cankaya, Aksay, Tunc, Koc, Bas & Ozel, 2016). In this sense, burnout is defined as a response to chronic work stress and that refers to a subjective experience of a negative character and that is composed of negative cognitions, emotions and attitudes in the work environment (Gil-Monte, 2005).
The study of workers' mental health has received increasing attention in recent decades due to globalization and the various changes that have taken place in the work environment. Of these changes, the intensification of work, high productivity, technological advances and precarious work relationships stand out (Zanelli, 2010, cit. por Mundim, 2012). The changes observed, in addition to having associated changes in the workplace, will imply changes in the worker and which do not always result in positive consequences. In order to understand this relationship, the study seeks to understand to what extent the social representation of work is a predictor of commitment and burnout in portuguese workers. The concept of social representation is often used in the social and human sciences (Castro, 2002; Wolter, 2018) and can be defined as a system of beliefs rooted in the historical and cultural context influenced by pre-existing myths, values and beliefs that are shared by the subjects' social memory (Pavetti, 2005, cit. por Faria, 2019). In order to understand the extent to which social representation influences commitment on workers, a study was developed that seeks to understand the relationship between these two constructs. Thus, commitment is defined as a psychological bond that characterizes the individual's connection to the organization and reduces the likelihood that he will abandon it (Allen & Meyer, 2000). Analyzing the concept and its consequences, it was possible to denote that several studies have been developed in order to understand the relationship between commitment and burnout. When analyzing and evaluating burnout in workers, the authors state that commitment should be considered one of the main factors to explaining the emergence of burnout (Enginyurt, Cankaya, Aksay, Tunc, Koc, Bas & Ozel, 2016). In this sense, burnout is defined as a response to chronic work stress and that refers to a subjective experience of a negative character and that is composed of negative cognitions, emotions and attitudes in the work environment (Gil-Monte, 2005).
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Keywords
Representação social Burnout Commitment Trabalho