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A ilha de Moçambique durante a Idade Moderna
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Orientador(es)
Resumo(s)
Pretendeu-se realizar um «estudo de caso» sobre um dos vários pólos urbanos que se
iniciaram com o início da Expansão Portuguesa – a Ilha de Moçambique, ponto de apoio
estratégico desde o início da exploração do Índico.
Logo em 1498 é feita uma escala na Ilha, que passará a ser um ponto de paragem
obrigatório para as armadas, o que leva a que em 1507 aí se edifique uma primeira fortaleza e
outras estruturas de apoio naval e ao comércio da costa oriental de África.
Foram assim dados os primeiros passos para a formação de um núcleo urbano que se
irá gradualmente desenvolver e sedimentar. Este será arrasado e reconstruído, nos primeiros
decénios de Seiscentos, mantendo-se até meados do século XVIII subordinado ao Estado da
Índia, situação que só irá modificar-se nesta época, quando assume um governo próprio, que
se traduzirá numa nova dinâmica de desenvolvimento urbano.
O estudo que apresento teve em conta o período histórico da Idade Moderna,
estabelecendo-se como balizas cronológicas o princípio do século XVI e os finais do século
XVIII.
Abarca a análise do desenvolvimento urbano da urbe e das tipologias do seu edificado,
apoiada pela vasta colecção de peças de cartografia e iconografia, complementada por uma
colecção de imagens actuais e interpretadas com o conhecimento dos factos históricos,
exarados na vasta bibliografia existente sobre esta temática e pelas descrições e testemunhos
documentais de época. A análise comparativa entre este e outros «casos» coloniais
contemporâneos, existentes noutros territórios da Expansão, foi um outro propósito deste
estudo.
This dissertation is based on a case study of one of the urban centres that were developed at the start of the Portuguese ‘Expansion’: the Island of Mozambique, an important strategic base from the beginning of the exploration of the Indian Ocean. The first Portuguese landing was made on the Island in 1498, and it subsequently became a regular stopping place for the Armada. This led to the first fortress being built in 1507, along with other infrastructures to provide naval and trade support along the east coast of Africa. Thus the first steps were taken towards building an urban nucleus which would gradually develop and be consolidated. The first structures were, however, demolished and rebuilt in the first decades of the C17th, and remained under the State of India until the mid- C18th. It was only at that time that its own government was formed, but from then onwards the urban development was driven by a new dynamic force. The study presented covers the Age of Modernity, more specifically from the beginning of the C16th to the end of the C18th. The urban development is analysed from the point of view of the city and the typologies of its buildings. The analysis was supported by the vast collection of cartographic and iconographic pieces relating to this era, as well as a collection of contemporary images which are interpreted with reference to historic facts taken from the vast bibliography available and from documented descriptions and testimonies from the time. Besides this, a comparative analysis between this and other contemporary colonial cases is undertaken.
This dissertation is based on a case study of one of the urban centres that were developed at the start of the Portuguese ‘Expansion’: the Island of Mozambique, an important strategic base from the beginning of the exploration of the Indian Ocean. The first Portuguese landing was made on the Island in 1498, and it subsequently became a regular stopping place for the Armada. This led to the first fortress being built in 1507, along with other infrastructures to provide naval and trade support along the east coast of Africa. Thus the first steps were taken towards building an urban nucleus which would gradually develop and be consolidated. The first structures were, however, demolished and rebuilt in the first decades of the C17th, and remained under the State of India until the mid- C18th. It was only at that time that its own government was formed, but from then onwards the urban development was driven by a new dynamic force. The study presented covers the Age of Modernity, more specifically from the beginning of the C16th to the end of the C18th. The urban development is analysed from the point of view of the city and the typologies of its buildings. The analysis was supported by the vast collection of cartographic and iconographic pieces relating to this era, as well as a collection of contemporary images which are interpreted with reference to historic facts taken from the vast bibliography available and from documented descriptions and testimonies from the time. Besides this, a comparative analysis between this and other contemporary colonial cases is undertaken.
Descrição
Dissertação de Mestrado, História da Arte Portuguesa, Faculdade de Ciências Humanans e Sociais, Universidade do Algarve, 2007
Palavras-chave
História da arte Desenvolvimento urbano Idade moderna Edificado Tipologias Colonial Expansão Ilha de Moçambique