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O efeito da valência emocional no reconhecimento de palavras na síndrome do intestino irritável
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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
O presente estudo procurou testar em sujeitos com Síndrome do Intestino Irritável se os tempos de resposta no reconhecimento de palavras é modulado pela valência emocional, nomeadamente se as palavras com valência negativa levam mais tempo a ser processadas confirmando a possível existência de um viés atencional para estímulos negativos quando comparado com estímulos positivos e neutros. Para isso, 103 participantes foram divididos em dois grupos de acordo com a presença ou não de SII para responderem a uma Tarefa de Decisão Lexical, onde se controlou a valência, arousal, frequência e comprimento dos estímulos.
Comparativamente ao grupo controlo, o grupo SII apresentou o mesmo padrão de resultados: nas palavras de alta frequência não existe efeito da valência e nas de baixa observa-se que as palavras de valência negativa têm tempos de reconhecimento mais longos comparativamente às neutras e às positivas. No entanto, verificou-se um efeito de grupo significativo: o grupo da Síndrome do Intestino Irritável leva mais tempo a reconhecer todas as categorias de estímulos, independentemente da valência.
Em suma, os resultados obtidos neste estudo indicam que apesar do padrão de resposta ser semelhante nos dois grupos, o grupo da Síndrome do Intestino Irritável apresenta tempos de resposta mais longos para todas as categorias de estímulos. Também, em ambos os grupos e nas palavras de baixa frequência, as palavras negativas são reconhecidas significativamente mais tarde que as neutras e as neutras comparado com as positivas. Ainda, o facto de o grupo da Síndrome do Intestino Irritável ser mais lento do que o grupo de controlo poderá dever-se a estes participantes estarem mais deprimidos interferindo na sua velocidade de processamento.
The present study aimed to test in subjects with Irritable Bowel Syndrome whether response times in word recognition are modulated by emotional valence, specifically if words with negative valence take longer to process, confirming the possible existence of an attentional bias towards negative stimuli when compared to positive and neutral stimuli. To this end, 103 participants were divided into two groups according to the presence or absence of IBS to answer a Lexical Decision Task, where the valence, arousal, frequency and length of the stimuli were controlled. Compared to the control group, the IBS group showed the same pattern of results: in high-frequency words there was no effect of valence and in low-frequency words it was observed that words with negative valence had longer recognition times compared to neutral and positive words. However, there was a significant group effect: the Irritable Bowel Syndrome group took longer to recognize all categories of stimuli, regardless of valence. In conclusion, the results obtained in this study indicate that despite the response pattern being similar in the two groups, the Irritable Bowel Syndrome group shows longer response times for all categories of stimuli. Also, in both groups and for low-frequency words, negative words are recognized significantly later than neutral words and neutral words compared to positive words. Also, the fact that the Irritable Bowel Syndrome group was slower than the control group could be due to the fact that these participants were more depressed, interfering with their processing speed.
The present study aimed to test in subjects with Irritable Bowel Syndrome whether response times in word recognition are modulated by emotional valence, specifically if words with negative valence take longer to process, confirming the possible existence of an attentional bias towards negative stimuli when compared to positive and neutral stimuli. To this end, 103 participants were divided into two groups according to the presence or absence of IBS to answer a Lexical Decision Task, where the valence, arousal, frequency and length of the stimuli were controlled. Compared to the control group, the IBS group showed the same pattern of results: in high-frequency words there was no effect of valence and in low-frequency words it was observed that words with negative valence had longer recognition times compared to neutral and positive words. However, there was a significant group effect: the Irritable Bowel Syndrome group took longer to recognize all categories of stimuli, regardless of valence. In conclusion, the results obtained in this study indicate that despite the response pattern being similar in the two groups, the Irritable Bowel Syndrome group shows longer response times for all categories of stimuli. Also, in both groups and for low-frequency words, negative words are recognized significantly later than neutral words and neutral words compared to positive words. Also, the fact that the Irritable Bowel Syndrome group was slower than the control group could be due to the fact that these participants were more depressed, interfering with their processing speed.
Description
Keywords
Síndrome do intestino irritável Valência emocional Viés atencional Reconhecimento visual de palavras Tarefa de decisão lexical