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Publication
Gestão dos Riscos Psicossociais em Unidades de Saúde: O caso da UCSP de Mértola
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Abstract(s)
A academia e as instituições mundiais e nacionais de referência na área da saúde e do trabalho têm demonstrado preocupação com o impacto dos riscos psicossociais. Estes riscos, podem afetar a saúde e bem-estar dos profissionais e ter implicações significativas no funcionamento e produtividade das unidades de saúde, colocando importantes desafios à sua gestão.
A pertinência e atualidade do tema motivaram a realização de uma investigação de corte transversal, descritivo e correlacional, com o estudo de caso único, desenvolvido na Unidade de Cuidados de Saúde Personalizados (UCSP) de Mértola. Tem como principal objetivo identificar os fatores de risco psicossociais que afetam os profissionais de saúde desta unidade, os seus impactos e a sua importância na gestão de uma UCSP.
Na investigação empírica participaram 31 profissionais de saúde da UCSP, sendo 29,0% enfermeiros, 22,6% assistentes operacionais, 22,6% técnicos superiores, 16,1% assistentes técnicos e 9,7% médicos. Em termos de metodologia, foi aplicado um questionário que permitiu a recolha de dados sociodemográficos/profissionais e a identificação dos riscos psicossociais que afetam os participantes, através do Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire II (COPSOQII). Recorreu-se, também, à aplicação de entrevistas semiestruturadas a três elementos da Unidade Local de Saúde com funções relevantes em termos de gestão dos riscos psicossociais, às conversas informais e à recolha documental.
O estudo permitiu caraterizar o perfil sociodemográfico e profissional da equipa multidisciplinar da unidade e identificar os riscos psicossociais que afetam os profissionais. Os técnicos superiores apresentam risco nas dimensões “exigências cognitivas”, “exigências emocionais” e “apoio social de superiores”. Nos médicos foi identificado risco nas “exigências cognitivas” e “exigências emocionais”.
Os participantes identificaram a necessidade de intervenção perante os riscos psicossociais, bem como os desafios a estes inerentes. Os dados obtidos permitiram apresentar recomendações estratégicas que podem servir de base ao desenvolvimento de um plano de intervenção.
The academic and international and national reference institutions, in the field of health and work, have expressed concern about the impact of psychosocial risks on the health and well-being of professionals as well as on the functioning and productivity of public health units, posing important challenges to their management. The relevance and timeliness of the topic motivated the conduct of a cross-sectional, descriptive, and correlational study, with a single-case study, developed at the Personalized Healthcare Unit (UCSP) of Mértola. Its main objective is to identify the psychosocial risk factors that affect the health professionals of this unit. The empirical investigation involved 31 health professionals from the UCSP, with 29.0% nurses, 22.6% operational assistants, 22.6% senior technicians, 16.1% technical assistants, and 9.7% doctors. In terms of methodology, a questionnaire was applied to collect sociodemographic/professional data and to identify psychosocial risks that affect the participants, through Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire II (COPSOQII). It was also used to apply semi-structured interviews to three elements with relevant functions in terms of psychosocial risk management, informal conversations, and documentary collection. The study made it possible to characterize the sociodemographic and professional profile of the multidisciplinary team of the UCSP and identify the psychosocial risks that affect those professionals. Senior technicians present a risk in the dimensions of "cognitive demands", "emotional demands", and "social support from superiors". In doctors, risk was identified at "cognitive demands" and "emotional demands". Participants identify the need to develop interventions aimed at psychosocial risks, as well as the challenges inherent to them. The data obtained made it possible to present proposals for action that could serve as a starting point for the design of an intervention plan.
The academic and international and national reference institutions, in the field of health and work, have expressed concern about the impact of psychosocial risks on the health and well-being of professionals as well as on the functioning and productivity of public health units, posing important challenges to their management. The relevance and timeliness of the topic motivated the conduct of a cross-sectional, descriptive, and correlational study, with a single-case study, developed at the Personalized Healthcare Unit (UCSP) of Mértola. Its main objective is to identify the psychosocial risk factors that affect the health professionals of this unit. The empirical investigation involved 31 health professionals from the UCSP, with 29.0% nurses, 22.6% operational assistants, 22.6% senior technicians, 16.1% technical assistants, and 9.7% doctors. In terms of methodology, a questionnaire was applied to collect sociodemographic/professional data and to identify psychosocial risks that affect the participants, through Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire II (COPSOQII). It was also used to apply semi-structured interviews to three elements with relevant functions in terms of psychosocial risk management, informal conversations, and documentary collection. The study made it possible to characterize the sociodemographic and professional profile of the multidisciplinary team of the UCSP and identify the psychosocial risks that affect those professionals. Senior technicians present a risk in the dimensions of "cognitive demands", "emotional demands", and "social support from superiors". In doctors, risk was identified at "cognitive demands" and "emotional demands". Participants identify the need to develop interventions aimed at psychosocial risks, as well as the challenges inherent to them. The data obtained made it possible to present proposals for action that could serve as a starting point for the design of an intervention plan.
Description
Keywords
Gestão Risco psicossocial Perceção do risco Cuidados de saúde primários (csp) Copenhagen psychosocial questionnaire