Percorrer por autor "Gisbert, Enric"
A mostrar 1 - 10 de 16
Resultados por página
Opções de ordenação
- Comparative analysis of a teleost skeleton transcriptome provides insight into its regulationPublication . Vieira, Florbela A.; Thorne, Michael A. S.; Stueber, K.; Darias, M.; Reinhardt, Richard; Clark, M. S.; Gisbert, Enric; Power, DeborahAn articulated endoskeleton that is calcified is a unifying innovation of the vertebrates, however the molecular basis of the structural divergence between terrestrial and aquatic vertebrates, such as teleost fish, has not been determined. In the present study long-read next generation sequencing (NGS, Roche 454 platform) was used to characterize acellular perichondral bone (vertebrae) and chondroid bone (gill arch) in the gilthead sea bream (Sparus auratus). A total of 15.97 and 14.53 Mb were produced, respectively from vertebrae and gill arch cDNA libraries and yielded 32,374 and 28,371 contigs (consensus sequences) respectively. 10,455 contigs from vertebrae and 10,625 contigs from gill arches were annotated with gene ontology terms. Comparative analysis of the global transcriptome revealed 4249 unique transcripts in vertebrae, 4201 unique transcripts in the gill arches and 3700 common transcripts. Several core gene networks were conserved between the gilthead sea bream and mammalian skeleton. Transcripts for putative endocrine factors were identified in acellular gilthead sea bream bone suggesting that in common with mammalian bone it can act as an endocrine tissue. The acellular bone of the vertebra, in contrast to current opinion based on histological analysis, was responsive to a short fast and significant (p < 0.05) down-regulation of several transcripts identified by NGS, osteonectin, osteocalcin, cathepsin K and IGFI occurred. In gill arches fasting caused a significant (p < 0.05) down-regulation of osteocalcin and up-regulation of MMP9.
- Coordinated regulation of chromatophore differentiation and melanogenesis during the ontogeny of skin pigmentation of Solea senegalensis (Kaup, 1858)Publication . Darias, Maria J.; Andree, Karl B.; Boglino, Anais; Fernandez, Ignacio; Estevez, Alicia; Gisbert, EnricAbnormal pigmentation of Senegalese sole has been described as one problem facing the full exploitation of its commercial production. To improve our understanding of flatfish pigmentation of this commercially important species we have evaluated eleven genes related to two different processes of pigmentation: melanophore differentiation, and melanin production. The temporal distribution of gene expression peaks corresponds well with changes in pigmentation patterns and the intensity of skin melanization. Several gene ratios were also examined to put in perspective possible genetic markers for the different stages of normal pigmentation development. Further, the phenotypic changes that occur during morphogenesis correspond well with the main transitions in gene expression that occur. Given the dramatic phenotypic alterations which flatfish undergo, including the asymmetric coloration that occurs between the ocular and the blind side, and the synchrony of the two processes of morphogenesis and pigmentation ontogenesis, these species constitute an interesting model for the study of pigmentation. In this study we present a first approximation towards explaining the genetic mechanisms for regulating pigmentation ontogeny in Senegalese sole, Solea senegalensis.
- Determinism and causative factors for morphological anomalies in reared European fishesPublication . Boglione, C.; Fontagné, Stéphanie; Gavaia, Paulo J.; Gisbert, Enric; Kjorsvik, E.; Koumoundouros, Giorgos; Moren, M.; Moutou, K. A.; Witten, PaulThe presence of sublethal morphological deformities represents one of the main bottleneck of the industrial finfish hatchery production, resulting in major economic loss due to reduced growth and marketing ability of the final product, that has to be transformed (filets) or sold for fish flour. Furthermore, the elimination of deformed fishes from the productive cycle needs for periodic selections at present carried out by manual sorting. This represents an additional economic cost, and a stress for fishes.
- Invasion genetics of the mummichog (Fundulus heteroclitus): recent anthropogenic introduction in IberiaPublication . Morim, Teófilo; Bigg, Grant R.; Madeira, Pedro M.; Palma, Jorge; Duvernell, David D.; Gisbert, Enric; Lopes Da Cunha, Regina; Castilho, RitaHuman activities such as trade and transport have increased considerably in the last decades, greatly facilitating the introduction and spread of non-native species at a global level. In the Iberian Peninsula, Fundulus heteroclitus, a small euryhaline coastal fish with short dispersal, was found for the first time in the mid-1970s. Since then, F. heteroclitus has undergone range expansions, colonizing the southern region of Portugal, southwestern coast of Spain and the Ebro Delta in the Mediterranean Sea. Cytochrome b sequences were used to elucidate the species invasion pathway in Iberia. Three Iberian locations (Faro, Cádiz and Ebro Delta) and 13 other locations along the native range of F. heteroclitus in North America were sampled. Results revealed a single haplotype, common to all invasive populations, which can be traced to the northern region of the species' native range. We posit that the origin of the founder individuals is between New York and Nova Scotia. Additionally, the lack of genetic structure within Iberia is consistent with a recent invasion scenario and a strong founder effect. We suggest the most probable introduction vector is associated with the aquarium trade. We further discuss the hypothesis of a second human-mediated introduction responsible for the establishment of individuals in the Ebro Delta supported by the absence of adequate muddy habitats linking Cádiz and the Ebro Delta. Although the species has a high tolerance to salinity and temperature, ecological niche modelling indicates that benthic habitat constraints prevent along-shore colonisation suggesting that such expansions would need to be aided by human release.
- New developments and biological insights into the farming of Solea senegalensis reinforcing its aquaculture potentialPublication . Morais, Sofia; Aragão, C.; Cabrita, Elsa; Conceição, L. E. C.; Constenla, Maria; Costas, Benjamín; Dias, Jorge; Duncan, Neil; Engrola, S.; Estevez, Alicia; Gisbert, Enric; Mañanós, Evaristo; Valente, Luísa M. P.; Yúfera, M.; Dinis, Maria TeresaSenegalese sole was one of the earliest identified candidate species with high potential for aquaculture diversification in the south of Europe. Its culture has been possible, and commercially attempted, for several decades, but intensive production has been slow to take off. This has been explained mostly by serious disease problems, high mortality at weaning, variable growth and poor juvenile quality. However, a strong and sustained research investment that started in the eighties has led to a better understanding of the requirements and particularities of this species. More recently, better management and technical improvements have been introduced, which have led to important progress in productivity and given a new impetus to the cultivation of Senegalese sole. As a result, the last 5 years have marked a probable turning point in the culture of sole towards the development of a knowledge-driven, competitive and sustainable industry. This review will focus on the main technical improvements and advances in the state of knowledge that have been made in the last decade in areas as diverse as reproductive biology, behaviour, physiology, nutritional requirements, modulation of the immune system in response to environmental parameters and stress, and characterization and mitigation of the main disease threats. It is now clear that Senegalese sole has important particularities that differentiate it from other current and candidate marine aquaculture species, which bring about important challenges, some still unsolved, but also notable opportunities (e.g. a nutritional physiology that is better adapted to dietary vegetable ingredients), as will be discussed here.
- Normal and histopathological organization of the opercular bone and vertebrae in gilthead sea bream Sparus aurataPublication . Ortiz-Delgado, Juan B.; Fernández Monzón, Ignacio Valentín; Sarasquete, Carmen; Gisbert, EnricThis study provides a comprehensive description of the tissue organization of non-deformed and deformed opercula and vertebrae from gilthead sea bream Sparus aurata juveniles by means of histological, histochemical and immunohistochemical approaches. Two types of opercular anomalies are described: the folding of the opercle and subopercle into the gill chamber, starting at the upper corner of the branchial cleft and extending down to its lower third; and the partial lack of the operculum (opercle, subopercle, interopercle and preopercle underdeveloped) with a regression of the loose edge extending down to its lower third. Histological observations revealed a rare type of bone remodelling process in the opercular structure, which consisted of the coalescence of contacting bone tissues (presumably from the preopercle and opercle), resulting in skeletal tissue with a trabecular aspect filled by a single-cell epithelium of cubic osteoblastic-like cells. Differences in collagen fiber thickness and its 3-dimensional arrangement between normal and deformed opercula were also found. Lordotic vertebrae were characterized by the formation of fibrous cartilage in the haemal and/or neural sides, indicating that a metaplastic shift occurred during the process of lordosis. Another major histomorphological change found in lordotic vertebrae was the complete loss of notochordal sheath integrity. Histological alterations were coupled with an imbalance of cell death and cell proliferation processes in lordotic vertebrae as well as that of bone formation/resorption, and extracellular matrix deposition activity differences which might have resulted from the remodelling process occurring in lordotic vertebrae. Altogether, these results provide an increase in our basic knowledge of bone disorders that contribute to our understanding of the mechanisms by which these skeletal anomalies appear in this fish species and which hamper its production efficiency.
- Osteology of the axial and appendicular skeletons of the meagre Argyrosomus regius (Sciaenidae) and early skeletal development at two rearing facilitiesPublication . Cardeira Da Silva, João; Vallés, R.; Dionísio, Gisela; Estévez, A.; Gisbert, Enric; Pousão-Ferreira, P.; Cancela, Leonor; Gavaia, Paulo J.The meagre (Argyrosomus regius) is a new species for aquaculture diversification, presenting a high economic value and a high growth rate, reaching 1 kg year)1. The occurrence of deformities, which generally appear in cultured larvae at early stages, is problematic for aquaculture since they reduce fish fitness and profitability. Knowledge about the stages of skeletal formation is essential to accurately assess deformities in hatchery produced fish. Here, we describe the osteology of the axial skeleton and unpaired fins of the meagre. Based on this data, the osteological development of meagre larvae reared at the IPIMAR and IRTA-SCR, under different rearing conditions, was compared. Although little literature is available on the osteology of teleosts from the same taxonomic group, the skeletal composition of the meagre is comparable to that of other Sciaenidae. All skeletal structures considered appeared at earlier stages in larvae reared at IPIMAR, which presented a more advanced skeletal development in comparison to larvae of comparable length reared at IRTA-SCR that were submitted to lower temperature and light intensity, and reduced photoperiod regimes.
- Retinoic acid differentially affects in vitro proliferation, differentiation and mineralization of two fish bone-derived cell lines: Different gene expression of nuclear receptors and ECM proteinsPublication . Fernández, Ignacio; Tiago, Daniel; Laizé, Vincent; Cancela, Leonor; Gisbert, EnricRetinoic acid (RA), the main active metabolite of vitamin A, regulates vertebrate morphogenesis through signaling pathways not yet fully understood. Such process involves the specific activation of retinoic acid and retinoid X receptors (RARs and RXRs), which are nuclear receptors of the steroid/thyroid hormone receptor superfamily. Teleost fish are suitable models to study vertebrate development, such as skeletogenesis. Cell systems capable of in vitro mineralization have been developed for several fish species and may provide new insights into the specific cellular and molecular events related to vitamin A activity in bone, complementary to in vivo studies. This work aims at investigating the in vitro effects of RA (0.5 and 12.5 μM) on proliferation, differentiation and extracellular matrix (ECM) mineralization of two gilthead seabream bone-derived cell lines (VSa13 and VSa16), and at identifying molecular targets of its action through gene expression analysis. RA induced phenotypic changes and cellular proliferation was inhibited in both cell lines in a cell type-dependent manner (36–59% in VSa13 and 17–46% in VSa16 cells). While RA stimulated mineral deposition in VSa13 cell cultures (50–62% stimulation), it inhibited the mineralization of extracellular matrix in VSa16 cells (11–57% inhibition). Expression of hormone receptor genes (rars and rxrs), and extracellular matrix-related genes such as matrix and bone Gla proteins (mgp and bglap), osteopontin (spp1) and type I collagen (col1a1) were differentially regulated upon exposure to RA in proliferating, differentiating and mineralizing cultures of VSa13 and VSa16 cells. Altogether, our results show: (i) RA affects proliferative and mineralogenic activities in two fish skeletal cell types and (ii) that during phenotype transitions, specific RA nuclear receptors and bone-related genes are differentially expressed in a cell type-dependent manner.
- Skeletal anomalies in reared European fish larvae and juveniles. Part 1: normal and anomalous skeletogenic processesPublication . Boglione, Clara; Gavaia, Paulo; Koumoundouros, Giorgos; Gisbert, Enric; Moren, Mari; Fontagne, Stephanie; Witten, Paul EckhardThis critical review summarizes the knowledge about fish skeletal tissues and inherent normal and anomalous development. Particular emphasis is given to existing literature on reared European fishes. The aim was to identify the main gaps of knowledge that require to be filled, in order to precociously identify anomalous developmental patterns that lead to skeletal anomalies in reared finfish larvae and juveniles. The review also aims to extend our knowledge about the factors that are possibly involved in the onset of skeletal anomalies. The final goal is the optimization of the morphological quality of farmed juvenile fish.
- Skeletal anomalies in reared European fish larvae and juveniles. Part 1: normal and anomalous skeletogenic processesPublication . Boglione, C.; Gavaia, Paulo J.; Koumoundouros, Giorgos; Gisbert, Enric; Moren, M.; Fontagné, Stéphanie; Witten, PaulThis critical review summarises the knowledge about fish skeletal tissues and inherent normal and anomalous development. Particular emphasis is given to existing literature on reared European fishes. The aim was to identify the main gaps of knowledge that require to be fulfilled, in order to precociously identify anomalous developmental patterns that lead to skeletal anomalies in reared finfish larvae and juveniles. The review also aims at to extending our knowledge about the factors that are possibly be involved in the onset of skeletal anomalies. The long period goal is the optimization of the morphological quality of farmed juvenile fish.