Browsing by Author "Hunt, Jennifer L."
Now showing 1 - 7 of 7
Results Per Page
Sort Options
- Differential diagnosis in neuroendocrine neoplasms of the LarynxPublication . Hunt, Jennifer L.; Ferlito, Alfio; Hellquist, Henrik; Rinaldo, Alessandra; Skalova, Alena; Slootweg, Pieter J.; Willems, Stefan M.; Cardesa, AntonioThe differential diagnosis of neuroendocrine neoplasms of the larynx is broad and includes lesions of epithelial, mesenchymal, and neuroectodermal origin. These lesions have overlapping clinical and pathologic aspects and must be carefully considered in the differential diagnosis of laryngeal neoplasms. The prognosis and treatment are also different among these tumor types, which necessitates making these distinctions clinically. The current literature was reviewed to provide updated information regarding the epithelial-derived tumors, including carcinoid, atypical carcinoid, small cell neuroendocrine carcinomas, large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma, and squamous cell carcinoma with neuroendocrine component. These tumors are compared and contrasted with nonepithelial-derived tumors such as paraganglioma and nonmucosal tumors, such as medullary thyroid carcinoma. The morphologic and cytologic features are discussed, along with helpful immunohistochemical and ancillary investigations.
- How phenotype guides management of the most common malignant salivary neoplasms of the Larynx?Publication . Lopez, Fernando; Williams, Michelle D.; Skalova, Alena; Hellquist, Henrik; Suarez, Carlos; Nixon, Iain J.; Rodrigo, Juan P.; Cardesa, Antonio; Strojan, Primoz; Quer, Miquel; Hunt, Jennifer L.; Rinaldo, Alessandra; Ferlito, AlfioSalivary gland carcinomas of the larynx are uncommon. Adenoid cystic carcinoma is the most prevalent type of salivary gland carcinoma in this region, although other histologies such as mucoepidermoid carcinoma and adenocarcinomas have been reported. These tumors may present with advanced-stage due to nonspecific symptoms and their relatively slow-growing nature. The index of suspicion for a non-squamous cell carcinoma entity should be high when a submucosal mass is present. An accurate diagnosis is mandatory due to the impact each biologic entity has on treatment and outcome. Data concerning treatment and outcome are scarce, but primary surgery with utmost focus on free surgical margins is the treatment of choice. The role of adjuvant radiotherapy has not been well defined, although there is an agreement that it should be considered in advanced-stage or high-grade disease. This review considers only the most common malignant salivary neoplasms of the larynx with a focus on clinical management of these tumors.
- Neuroendocrine neoplasms of the sinonasal regionPublication . Bell, Diana; Hanna, Ehab Y.; Weber, Randal S.; DeMonte, Franco; Triantafyllou, Asterios; Lewis, James S., Jr.; Cardesa, Antonio; Slootweg, Pieter J.; Stenman, Goran; Gnepp, Douglas R.; Devaney, Kenneth O.; Rodrigo, Juan P.; Rinaldo, Alessandra; Wenig, Bruce M.; Westra, William H.; Bishop, Justin A.; Hellquist, Henrik; Hunt, Jennifer L.; Kusafuka, Kimihide; Perez-Ordonez, Bayardo; Williams, Michelle D.; Takes, Robert P.; Ferlito, AlfioNeuroendocrine neoplasms of the sinonasal region, which are relatively uncommon but clinically very important, are reviewed here in the light of current knowledge. Using a definition for neuroendocrine based on phenotypic, histologic, immunohistochemical, and electron microscopic features rather than histogenetic criteria, sinonasal neuroendocrine carcinomas are examined with a particular emphasis on the small-cell and large-cell subtypes. This is followed by revisiting olfactory neuroblastoma because it is also a tumor that shows a neuroendocrine phenotype. Kadish clinical and Hyams histologic grading systems as prognosticators of olfactory neuroblastoma are also considered in detail. Finally, controversies regarding sinonasal undifferentiated carcinoma as a neuroendocrine tumor are discussed and a possible relationship with high-grade olfactory neuroblastoma is explored. Genetic events and current management of these tumors are also outlined. (C) 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
- Newly described entities in salivary gland pathologyPublication . Skalova, Alena; Gnepp, Douglas R.; Lewis, James S., Jr.; Hunt, Jennifer L.; Bishop, Justin A.; Hellquist, Henrik; Rinaldo, Alessandra; Poorten, Vincent Vander; Ferlito, AlfioSalivary glands may give rise to a wide spectrum of different tumors. This review concentrates on 4 salivary gland tumors that have been accepted in the recent literature as new neoplastic entities: mammary analog secretory carcinoma, cribriform adenocarcinoma of minor salivary glands (CASG), sclerosing polycystic adenosis/adenoma (SPA), and the mucinous/secretory variant of myoepithelioma. Mammary analog secretory carcinoma is a distinctive low-grade malignant salivary cancer that harbors a characteristic chromosomal translocation, t(12;15) (p13;q25), resulting in an ETV6-NTRK3 fusion. Cribriform adenocarcinoma (CASG) is a distinct tumor entity that differs from polymorphous low-grade adenocarcinoma by location (ie, most often arising on the tongue), by prominent nuclear clearing, differing alterations of the PRKD gene family, and clinical behavior with frequent metastases at the time of presentation of the primary tumor. Early nodal metastatic disease is seen in most cases of CASG; yet, they are still associated with indolent clinical behavior, making it a unique neoplasm among all low-grade salivary gland tumors. SPA is a rare sclerosing tumor of the salivary glands characterized by the combination of cystic ductal structures with variable cell lining including vacuolated, apocrine, mucinous, squamous, and foamy cells, by prominent large acinar cells with coarse eosinophilic cytoplasmic zymogen-like granules, and by closely packed ductal structures, surrounded by a peripheral myoepithelial layer and stromal fibrosis with focal inflammatory infiltrates. SPA frequently harbors intraductal epithelial dysplastic proliferations ranging from mild dysplasia to severe dysplasia/carcinoma in situ. Moreover, SPA has been proven to be a clonal process by HUMARA assay and is associated with considerable risk of recurrence. Therefore, on the basis of all these newly recognized findings, we believe that SPA is likely a neoplasm, and we suggest the name sclerosing polycystic adenoma. The mucinous variant of myoepithelioma is a myoepithelial tumor with foci of prominent cytoplasmic clearing frequently containing intracellular mucin material and having signet-ring morphology.
- Rhabdomyoblastic Differentiation in Head and Neck Malignancies Other Than RhabdomyosarcomaPublication . Bishop, Justin A.; Thompson, Lester D. R.; Cardesa, Antonio; Barnes, Leon; Lewis, James S., Jr.; Triantafyllou, Asterios; Hellquist, Henrik; Stenman, Goran; Hunt, Jennifer L.; Williams, Michelle D.; Slootweg, Pieter J.; Devaney, Kenneth O.; Gnepp, Douglas R.; Wenig, Bruce M.; Rinaldo, Alessandra; Ferlito, AlfioRhabdomyosarcoma is a relatively common soft tissue sarcoma that frequently affects children and adolescents and may involve the head and neck. Rhabdomyosarcoma is defined by skeletal muscle differentiation which can be suggested by routine histology and confirmed by immunohistochemistry for the skeletal muscle-specific markers myogenin or myoD1. At the same time, it must be remembered that when it comes to head and neck malignancies, skeletal muscle differentiation is not limited to rhabdomyosarcoma. A lack of awareness of this phenomenon could lead to misdiagnosis and, subsequently, inappropriate therapeutic interventions. This review focuses on malignant neoplasms of the head and neck other than rhabdomyosarcoma that may exhibit rhabdomyoblastic differentiation, with an emphasis on strategies to resolve the diagnostic dilemmas these tumors may present. Axiomatically, no primary central nervous system tumors will be discussed.
- Some considerations on the WHO Histological classification of laryngeal neoplasmsPublication . Ferlito, Alfio; Devaney, Kenneth O.; Hunt, Jennifer L.; Hellquist, HenrikA new edition of the World Health Organization (WHO) Histological classification of tumours of the hypopharynx, larynx, trachea and parapharyngeal space was published in 2017. We have considered this classification regarding laryngeal neoplasms and discuss the grounds for said revision. Many of the laryngeal neoplasms described in the literature and in the previous WHO edition from 2005 have been omitted from this current revision. Many are described elsewhere in the book but it may give the new generation of pathologists/surgeons/oncologists the false impression that these tumour entities do not exist in the larynx.
- Well-differentiated neuroendocrine carcinoma of the larynx: Confusion of terminology and uncertainty of early studiesPublication . Hunt, Jennifer L.; Barnes, Leon; Triantafyllou, Asterios; Gnepp, Douglas R.; Devaney, Kenneth O.; Stenman, Goran; Halmos, Gyorgy B.; Bishop, Justin A.; Skalova, Alena; Willems, Stefan M.; Hellquist, Henrik; Rinaldo, Alessandra; Ferlito, AlfioWell-differentiated neuroendocrine carcinoma (also known as "carcinoid") of the larynx is an exceedingly rare tumor that has an epithelial origin. These tumors are malignant and have a low, but definite, risk of metastasis. Although it can be challenging, this tumor should be differentiated from moderately differentiated neuroendocrine carcinoma (also known as "atypical carcinoid"). The clinical and pathologic features of this tumor, as well as treatment and prognosis, are reviewed in detail.