ABC2-Artigos (em revistas ou actas indexadas)
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- Impact of bariatric and metabolic surgery on sarcopenia-related parameters according to the EWGSOP2 consensus criteria in persons living with obesityPublication . Cardoso, Paulo Alexandre e Castro; Santos, Tânia V.; Ramon-Krauel, Marta; Pais, Sandra; De Sousa-Coelho, Ana LuísaAlthough bariatric and metabolic surgery (BS) has proved effective in the treatment of obesity based on the reduction in fat mass and the remission of comorbidities, there is also loss of lean mass after BS which could compromise muscle functionality. According to the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People (EWGSOP), sarcopenia is a disease associated with loss of muscle mass, strength, and function. Through a comprehensive review of the literature, we identified a range of studies focusing on evaluating sarcopenia-related parameters according to the EWGSOP2 consensus criteria, before and after BS. Although most studies reported reductions in skeletal muscle mass and absolute muscle strength after surgery, improvements in muscle functionality were generally achieved, independent of the type of BS.
- Destructive fishing: an expert‐driven definition and exploration of this quasi‐conceptPublication . McCarthy, Arlie Hannah; Steadman, Daniel; Richardson, Hannah; Murphy, Jack; Benbow, Sophie; Brian, Joshua I.; Brooks, Holly; Costa‐Domingo, Giulia; Hazin, Carolina; McOwen, Chris; Walker, Jessica; Willer, David F.; Abdi, Mohamad; Auster, Peter J.; Bealey, Roy; Bensted‐Smith, Robert; Broadburn, Kathryn; Carvalho, Gonçalo; Collinson, Tom; Erinosho, Bolanle; Fabinyi, Michael; Febrica, Senia; Forbi, Wilson Ngwa; Garcia, Serge M; Goad, David; Goldsworthy, Lynda; Govan, Hugh; Heaphy, Charles; Hiddink, Jan Geert; Hosch, Gilles; Kachelriess, Daniel; Kinch, Jeff; Lancaster, Alana Malinde S. N.; Manach, Frédéric Le; Matthews, Thomas; Ortiz, Alfonso Medellín; Morgan, Alexia; Motta, Helena; Murua, Hilario; Namboothri, Naveen; Ndiritu, Evelyne; Passfield, Kelvin; Pilcher, Nicolas J.; Portus, James O.; Rguez‐Baron, Juan M.; Robertson, Morven; Sharma, Abhilasha; Suazo, Cristián G.; Tamini, Leandro Luis; Vilata‐Simón, Juan; Mukherjee, NibeditaNumerous policy and international frameworks consider that “destructive fishing” hampers efforts to reach sustainability goals. Though ubiquitous, “destructive fishing” is undefined and therefore currently immeasurable. Here we propose a definition developed through expert consultation: “Destructive fishing is any fishing practice that causes irrecoverable habitat degradation, or which causes significant adverse environmental impacts, results in longterm declines in target or nontarget species beyond biologically safe limits and has negative livelihood impacts.” We show strong stakeholder support for a definition, consensus on many biological and ecological dimensions, and no clustering of respondents from different sectors. Our consensus definition is a significant step toward defining sustainable fisheries goals and will help interpret and implement global political commitments which utilize the term “destructive fishing.” Our definition and results will help reinforce the Food and Agricultural Organization’s Code of Conduct and meaningfully support member countries to prohibit destructive fishing practices.
- The influence of subclinical active inflammation on IFX pharmacokinetic modeling and disease progression assessment: findings from a prospective real-world study in inflammatory bowel disease patientsPublication . Magro, Fernando; Fernandes, Samuel; Patita, Marta; Arroja, Bruno; Lago, Paula; Rosa, Isadora; Sousa, Helena Tavares; Ministro, Paula; Mocanu, Irina; Vieira, Ana; Castela, Joana; Moleiro, Joana; Roseira, Joana; Cancela, Eugénia; Sousa, Paula; Portela, Francisco; Correia, Luís; Moreira, Paula; Dias, Sandra; Afonso, Joana; Danese, Silvio; Peyrin-Biroulet, Laurent; Vucicevic, Katarina M; Santiago, MafaldaBackground and aims: Effective management of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) relies on a comprehensive understanding of infliximab (IFX) pharmacokinetics (PK). This study’s primary goal was to develop a robust PK model, identifying key covariates influencing IFX clearance (CL), while concurrently evaluating the risk of disease progression during the maintenance phase of IBD treatment. Methods: The multicenter, prospective, real-world DIRECT study was conducted in several care centers, which included 369 IBD patients in the maintenance phase of IFX therapy. A two-compartment population PK model was used to determine IFX CL and covariates. Logistic and Cox regressions were applied to elucidate the associations between disease progression and covariates embedded in the PK model. Results: The PK model included the contributions of weight, albumin, antidrug antibody (ADA), and fecal calprotectin (FC). On average, higher ADA, FC concentration and weight, and lower albumin concentration resulted in higher IFX CL. In the multivariate regression analyses, FC levels influenced the odds of disease progression in the majority of its definitions, when adjusted for several confounding factors. Additionally, alongside FC, both IFX and CL demonstrated a significant impact on the temporal aspect of disease progression. Conclusion: In this 2-year real-world study, readily available clinical covariates, notably FC, significantly impacted IFX availability in IBD patients. We demonstrated that subclinical active inflammation, as mirrored by FC or CRP, substantially influenced IFX clearance. Importantly, FC emerged as a pivotal determinant, not only of IFX pharmacokinetics but also of disease progression. These findings underscore the need to integrate FC into forthcoming IFX pharmacokinetic models, amplifying its clinical significance.
- Insights into cockayne syndrome type B: what underlies its pathogenesis?Publication . Afonso Reis, Ricardo António; Madeira, Cristiana; Vilhena Catarino Brito, David; Nóbrega, ClévioCockayne Syndrome (CS) is an autosomal recessive disorder arising from mutations in either of two disease-associated genes, ERCC6 or ERCC8. CS patients exhibit cutaneous photosensitivity, neuropathological abnormalities, severe growth retardation, a distinctive facial appearance with pronounced sunken eyes, musculoskeletal anomalies, sensory impairment, and dental decay. Approximately 70% of all CS cases carry ERCC6 mutations; therefore, this review will focus solely on Cockayne Syndrome complementation group B (CS-B). CS-B exhibits several hallmarks of aging, including genomic instability, epigenetic modifications, loss of proteostasis, and mitochondrial failure. CS-B is proposed to result from the accumulation of DNA damage and the resulting transcription impairment. However, the main pathophysiological mechanisms underlying the severe cellular impairments observed in CS-B remain unclear. Here, we review the current literature to elucidate ERCC6-related mechanisms, highlighting the key and emerging pathological mechanisms underlying CS-B, as well as their putative interactions. Considering the mechanisms that heavily rely on ERCC6, we propose that CS-B pathogenesis arises from a combination of DNA damage accumulation, transcriptional dysregulation, and mitochondrial dysfunction. Furthermore, we argue that these molecular features influence each other, rather than acting as isolated mechanisms. This suggests that the crosstalk between mechanisms is a key factor for CS-B pathogenesis. Although efforts have been made to unveil CS-B pathogenesis, research is still lacking, hindering progress in understanding this deadly disease. Future work will prove crucial to determine the main contributor to CS-B pathogenesis and identify new interactions between CS-B-affected mechanisms.
- Non-canonical roles of mitotic proteins in cortical neuronsPublication . Cavaco, Joana Sofia de Almeida Pimentel; Carvalhal, SaraMitotic proteins are traditionally studied for their role in chromosome segregation during cell division. However, research increasingly highlights the important noncanonical roles of mitotic proteins beyond mitosis, particularly in the mammalian cerebral cortex. Alterations in the expression levels or mutations of mitotic proteins are increasingly linked to brain disorders such as primary microcephaly and Alzheimer’s disease. A central, unresolved question remains: how do mitotic proteins contribute to neuronal pathogenesis? Here, we review emerging literature on the non-canonical roles of mitotic proteins in mature neurons. Additionally, we discuss how these contribute to the complex mechanisms underlying neurodevelopmental and neurodegenerative disorders. We also discuss their potential for identifying therapeutic strategies and as biomarkers in brain pathologies.
- Serum biomarkers of extracellular matrix remodeling in ulcerative colitis—one step closer to fibrosis biomarkers in inflammatory bowel diseasePublication . Sousa, Helena Tavares; de Oliveira, RaquelFibrosis is a serious complication of both Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis(UC) and is currently the major unmet need in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) management [1]. Although much less prevalent in UC, strong evidence supports severity and chronicity of inflammation are the main drivers of excessive extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition in the submucosa and muscularis mucosae [2], leading to increased wall stiffness, and ultimately to motility and anorectal dysfunction, rectal urgency and incontinence.
- Prevalence and diagnostic comparison of helicobacter pylori and non-helicobacter pylori helicobacter infections in patients undergoing upper gastrointestinal endoscopy with gastric biopsy in Algarve, PortugalPublication . Mateus, Teresa Letra; Aguieiras, Catarina; Louro, Ricardo; Peixe, Bruno; Calhindro, Mauro; Nunes, Francisco José Viegas Cortez; Queirós, Patrícia; Castelo-Branco, PedroH. pylori infects over half of the global population and is associated with various gastric and extra-gastric diseases. Other species, such as zoonotic non-Helicobacter pylori Helicobacters (NHPHs), have shown similar associations with gastritis and MALT lymphoma and H. pylori-negative cases with gastric disease have been identified, including gastric MALT lymphoma, chronic gastritis, and gastroduodenal ulcers. Accurate identification of these species is of great relevance but remains challenging using conventional diagnostic methods. This cross-sectional study aimed to determine the prevalence of H. pylori and NHPH infections, comparing standard histological protocols with molecular techniques. Between December 2024 and February 2025, 54 adult patients undergoing upper gastrointestinal endoscopy (UGE) with gastric biopsy in three hospitals in Algarve, Portugal were recruited. Endoscopic assessment was performed, and gastric biopsies were collected for histological and molecular analysis. DNA was extracted from antral biopsies and analyzed by conventional PCR to detect H. pylori and NHPH. H. pylori diagnostic techniques were compared, descriptive plus statistical analysis was performed, and p-values < 0.05 were considered to be statistically significant. Fifty-four patients were included in the study, with 51.9% of them presenting symptoms. Endoscopic gastritis was observed in 66.7% of patients, while histological gastritis was present in 88.9%, with statistically significant differences between the two diagnostic techniques (p = 0.004). Helicobacter spp. were identified in 44.4% (24/54) of the patients. H. pylori was detected in 42.6% of the patients by Modified Giemsa stain and in 33.3% by PCR. H. bizzozeronii was found in 35.9% of the patients, with 22.2% showing mixed infections. This study reveals a significant prevalence of Helicobacter spp. in patients from the Algarve region, with both H. pylori and zoonotic H. bizzozeronii detected. This is the first report of H. bizzozeronii DNA detection in gastric biopsies via PCR from patients undergoing UGE in Portugal, highlighting the need to consider NHPH in clinical diagnosis. It is important to include molecular methods in routine diagnostics and the need for broader studies to assess regional and national trends in Helicobacter infections besides H. pylori.
- The importance of a definite diagnosis for rational treatment and prognosis of head and neck tumorsPublication . Ferlito, Alfio; Nadal, Alfons; Stenman, Göran; Zidar, Nina; Hellquist, Henrik; Slootweg, Piet J.; Simpson, Roderick H. W.; Cardesa, AntonioBenign and malignant head and neck tumors are common worldwide and cause mortality and morbidity with variations in population prevalence. Obviously, a correct diagnosis is of paramount importance for choosing the appropriate treatment and offering a correct prognosis. There are many types of diagnoses, such as provisional or working diagnosis, diagnosis by exclusion, diagnosis ex juvantibus, provocative diagnosis, direct diagnosis, deductive diagnosis, physical diagnosis, laboratory diagnosis, differential diagnosis, clinical diagnosis, cytologic diagnosis, frozen-section diagnosis, molecular diagnosis, pathologic diagnosis, and final or permanent section diagnosis [1]. In particular, a qualitative diagnosis is made by a pathologist, whereas a quantitative diagnosis, such as the identification of a mass lesion and the estimation of tumor volume using 3D imaging, is provided by a radiologist using modern imaging techniques, including CT or MRI.
- Restoring neuropetide Y levels in the hypothalamus ameliorates premature aging phenotype in micePublication . Ferreira-Marques, Marisa; Carmo-Silva, Sara; Pereira, Joana; Botelho, Mariana; Nóbrega, Clévio; López‐Otín, Carlos; Almeida, Luís Pereira de; Aveleira, Célia A.; Cavadas, CláudiaThe hypothalamus has been recognized as a regulator of whole-body aging. Neuropeptide Y (NPY), highly abundant in the central nervous system and produced by the hypothalamus, enhances autophagy in this brain region and mediates autophagy triggered by caloric restriction, suggesting a potential role as a caloric restriction mimetic and an aging regulator. Considering that hypothalamic NPY levels decline during aging, we investigated if reestablishment of NPY levels mitigate aging phenotype, using a mouse model of premature aging – Zmpste24−/− mouse. The results show that reestablishing hypothalamic NPY levels delayed aging-associated features, including lipodystrophy, alopecia, and memory. Moreover, these results suggest that strategies that promote maintenance of hypothalamic NPY levels might be relevant to counteract aging progression and age-related deteriorations.
- Minimally invasive surgery for inflammatory Bowel Disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis of robotic versus laparoscopic surgical techniquesPublication . Cunha, Miguel F.; Roseira, JoanaWe read with great interest the article ‘Minimally invasive surgery for inflammatory bowel disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis of robotic versus laparoscopic surgical techniques’, recently published in the Journal of Crohn’s and Colitis. 1 Zaman and colleagues performed the first comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis to examine the outcomes of robotic versus conventional laparoscopic colorectal resections in patients with inflammatory bowel disease [IBD], focusing on the comparative effectiveness, safety pro files, and surgical performance metrics of these two minimally invasive approaches.