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- Organizational practices for the expatriates' adjustment: a systematic reviewPublication . Sousa, Cátia; Gonçalves, Gabriela Maria Ramos; dos Santos, Vieira; Leitão, JoséPurpose - The globalization of work has contributed to a great increment in cross-cultural interactions, contributing to a new impetus in the expatriates' topic. The costs associated with the failed international missions are high, and the identification of effective adjustment strategies is of extreme importance, both for organizations and for individuals. The purpose of this paper is to identify the kind of practices that are developed by organizations and their impact on the adjustment of expatriates. Design/methodology/approach - To achieve the proposed objective, a systematic review of literature (from the late 1980s to the present day) will be carried out. Findings - Based on five articles on the topic, the results show that there are few studies that assess the impact of the types of adjustment to organizational practices, with the cross-cultural training and language training being the most common. These practices have shown a positive effect on performance and adjustment of expatriates. Originality/value - The authors feel the lack of studies that have adequate indicators to measure the integration and effectiveness of the adjustment of expatriates.
- Physical and psychosocial safety climate scales: psychometric evidence and invariance measurement in a Portuguese samplePublication . Sousa, Cátia; Maria Ramos Gonçalves, Gabriela; Oliveira e Sousa, AntónioAccident prevention is one of the key rules for workplace safety, and the safety climate has been linked to the possibility of influencing not only the safety behavior of workers but also the occurrence of accidents. Thus, this study aims to present the psychometric evidence of the physical and psychosocial safety climate scales in a Portuguese sample. From a sample of 844 participants, 505 men and 339 women, aged between 17 and 68 years (M = 37.09, SD = 10.57), the results show that the one-factor solution yielded the best fit to the data with acceptable reliability in both scales. The invariance measure between professions was only observed in the psychosocial safety climate scale, thus alerting to the susceptibility to different professional populations of the physical safety climate scale. Understanding the safety climate is critical to reducing occupational disease, injuries and accidents, and further study should deepen the psychometric qualities of both scales.
- Portuguese mothers and fathers share similar levels of work-family guilt according to a newly validated measurePublication . Gonçalves, Gabriela Maria Ramos; Sousa, Cátia; Santos, Joana Conduto Vieira dos; Silva, Tânia; Korabik, KarenTransformations in family and work life have led to profound changes in the articulation of both spheres. The massive entry of women into the labor market, the decline of a family model based on the male provider, increasing job demands, and persistent gender inequality are factors that can generate work-family conflict and lead to feelings of guilt. Work-family guilt is a topic still rarely studied, particularly in Portugal. Given the importance of understanding the complexity of the relationships underlying the work-family interface and the lack of instruments in Portuguese to assess the feeling of guilt as it pertains to the work-family interface, our goal was to adapt the Work-Family Guilt Scale (WFGS) to the Portuguese population. Our results confirmed the two-dimensional structure of the scale with good reliability and validity. The WFGS was invariant between genders, with no significant mean differences between men and women. Convergent validity with the variables of work-to-family and family-to-work conflict and discriminant validity between the two dimensions of the WFGS was demonstrated. Use of this scale will allow the identification of feelings of guilt, which pose risks to the physical, emotional and psychological well-being of workers. Guilt feelings should, like conflict, be considered as a psychosocial risk that must be mitigated through policies and practices aimed at promoting a balance between family and working life.
- The work-family interface management and the effects on satisfaction with life and passion for workPublication . Sousa, Cátia; Maria Ramos Gonçalves, Gabriela; Sousa, António Oliveira e; Silva, Tania; Santos, JoanaThe work-family (WFC) and family-work (FWC) conflicts together with the guilt arising thereof have a negative effect on well-being, professional, social and family health variables. The literature points to a higher incidence of the values of these variables in females and individuals with children, but these results vary culturally. Given the importance of these variables in occupational and safety health and the few studies with Portuguese samples, we choose to develop a descriptive and correlational study aimed to explore the relationship of WFC -FWC with the feeling of guilt and the relationship with outcomes variables such as life satisfaction and work passion according to the gender and the presence of children. Our results show higher values in the WFC and work-family guilt, in particular in men and individuals with children, as well as a correlation with the obsessive passion and a negative correlation with life satisfaction.
- Intercultural communication competence scale: invariance and construct validation in PortugalPublication . Gonçalves, Gabriela Maria Ramos; Sousa, Cátia; Arasaratnam-Smith, Lily A.; Rodrigues, Natércia; Carvalheiro, RaquelThis article explores the psychometric validation of an Intercultural Communication Competence (ICC) scale. Three studies were performed: (1) psychometric evidence pertaining to the scale’s reliability and factor structure and an analysis of the measurement invariance; (2) assessment of convergent and predictive validity; and (3) analyzes the association between ICC and affective and cognitive dimensions of cultural empathy. A three-factor model with eight items yielded the best fit to the data. The scale showed non-invariance between genders, but proved to be a predictor of intercultural contact. Convergent validity were demonstrated.
- The influence of authentic leadership on public employees analyzed through self- determination theory: a case study in Republic of MoldovaPublication . Bordei, Irina; dos Santos, Joana Vieira; Gonçalves, Gabriela; Sousa, CátiaThis study examines the influence of authentic leadership on employees from public organizations analyzed through self-determination theory. Over the years, researchers analyzed different particularities of authentic leadership and its importance in nowadays' society. However, fewer researchers were interested in analyzing the influence of authentic leadership on employees through self-determination theory, especially in the perception of public ethical behavior. The theoretical model of this study proposes that authentic leadership is negatively correlated with public employees' positive attitude toward unethical behavior, namely corrupt acts. Also, authentic leadership and job satisfaction are positively related with public employees' work motivation. This positive relationship contributes to the decrease level of public employees' positive attitude toward corruption acts. The study was realized in different public organizations from Republic of Moldova. The total sample is composed by 98 participants. The hypotheses were tested through Multiple Hierarchical Regression. The study results showed that authentic leadership has a positive impact on work motivation. However, job satisfaction does not have any influence on public employees' perception of corruption acts. By contrast, authentic leadership behavior does have a positive impact on public employees' perception of corruption acts, but only when they perceive these acts as less serious.
- Metric evidences of the adaptation of the cultural intelligence scale in a portuguese samplePublication . Sousa, Cátia; Gonçalves, Gabriela Maria Ramos; Reis, Marta; Santos, JoanaValidating the Cultural Intelligence Scale (CQS) for the Portuguese population was the main objective of this study. Cultural Intelligence is recognized as a crucial competence in multicultural situations. The multidimensional cultural intelligence scale is composed of 20 items arranged into four dimensions and is used to evaluate the individual characteristics that predispose to better performance in unfamiliar cultural environments. The results from the analysis of main components in a total sample of 275 participants, aged between 18 and 72 (M = 29.3; SD = 12.9), replicated the original ones, therefore showing good validity values and internal consistency (Cronbach alpha .93), revealing the multidimension of the evaluated construct. Once the exploratory analysis replicated the model tested by the confirmatory analysis, the application of this instrument in multicultural organizational contexts can be considered an essential tool, not only to identify crucial capacities for the functioning of the human resources, teams or organizations in environments characterized by cultural diversity, but also to ensure the success in the integration processes of immigrants and expatriates.
- Capacitor recruitment fusion methodology: a case studyPublication . Cabrita, Susana; da Costa, Jose Ferreira; Sousa, Cátia; Gonçalves, GabrielaThe Project entitled Methodology for Recruitment Capacitor: a case study (Fusion Resourcing - A case study) emerged from a need of the firm Innovagency SA that operates in the technological field and in the digital communication field. This need is associated with the difficulty of recruiting programmers with specific technical knowledge and skills related to the most sophisticated technology platforms, currently used on the web. It presents the design and implementation of a synergetic fusion, recruitment, selection, and training and integration solution supported by a "Trainee Academy" called "i9.station". Based on the results obtained, the interest and potential of this fusion approach it is approve. Both in terms of recruitment effectiveness and the effectiveness of the selection process associated with training, as well as in the speed and strength of both competency acquisition and process of socio-professional and technical integration in the firm and in the work teams, proving, above all, an investment capable of generating generous positive returns.
- Multiculturality as an antecedent to work well-being and work passionPublication . Sousa, Cátia; Gonçalves, GabrielaWithin the workplace, promoting positive feelings in regard to work well-being and work passion has become essential to an increase in health, motivation, and consequently to an increase in productivity. This study aims to assess cultural values, cultural intelligence and multicultural personality as predictors of work well-being and work passion. Based on a sample of 240 workers aged 20 to 64 years (M = 36.78, SD = 10.22), multiple linear regression was carried out. The results of the multiple linear regression analysis show that the dimensions of power distance and uncertainty avoidance have a negative influence on work well-being and work passion, whereas emotional stability is the dimension with the highest predictive value for both constructs. On the other hand, cultural intelligence has no significant predictor effect. As organisations must invest in enhancing work well-being and work passion, the identification of their predictors is of the utmost importance.
- An assessment of the psychometric properties of the Brief Sensation Seeking Scale and its prediction in safety performance in a Portuguese adult samplePublication . Sousa, Cátia; Sousa, António; Pinto, Ezequiel; Gonçalves, GabrielaThis study aims to present the psychometric properties of the Brief Sensation Seeking Scale in a Portuguese sample. Three studies were performed: the first study provides psychometric evidence pertaining to its reliability and factor structure, an analysis of the measurement invariance of the BSSS across gender and age, and an examination of the differences scores on the scale regarding gender, age and marital status (n = 526); the second study consists of an assessment of convergent, discriminant and postdictive validity (n = 240); and the third study includes a test-retest of the BSSS (n = 72). A four-factor model yielded the best fit to the data with good reliability and validity. The scale showed non-invariance between genders and between ages, which makes it less generalizable and susceptible to different populations. Convergent validity with the variables risk taking, need for arousal and extraversion, and discriminant validity between neuroticism, agreeableness and conscientiousness, were demonstrated. The scale presents good temporal stability and represent an important tool for psychological assessment of personality and behavior, and as a predictor of safety performance.