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- A procura de golfe no AlgarvePublication . Correia, Antónia; Pintassilgo, Pedro; Martins, Manuel Victor; Mendes, José AlbertoO presente artigo debruça-se sobre o perfil e a dinâmica da procura de golfe no Algarve. A caracterização do perfil dos praticantes de golfe na região tem por base um inquérito à procura realizado durante os anos de 2002 e 2003. Conclui-se, entre outros aspectos, que os golfistas são, maioritariamente, turistas estrangeiros com elevadas habilitações literárias e que pertencem a classes socio-económicas de grande poder aquisitivo. Uma das suas características distintivas é o facto de se hospedarem, sobretudo, em hotéis, aparthotéis e aldeamentos turísticos de 4 e 5 estrelas. Trata-se, pois, de um turismo de qualidade que efectua gastos consideráveis na região.
- Modelling the interaction between the tourism accomodation industry and the environmentPublication . Pintassilgo, Pedro; Silva, João AlbinoNeste artigo apresenta-se um modelo sobre a indústria de alojamento turístico, a qual mantém uma relação dialéctica, de impacte e dependência, com a qualidade ambiental – um recurso comum compósito. Mostra-se que o livre acesso conduz, geralmente, à sobre-exploração económica e ambiental, isto é à “tragédia do recurso comum”. Esta situação afecta, igualmente, a indústria turística no seu todo, pois o alojamento e a qualidade ambiental desempenham papéis centrais nesta actividade económica. O resultado deste cenário é um turismo de massas,caracterizado por turistas com reduzida disponibilidade a pagar. Os resultados do modelo indicam que,exceptuando situações em que as externalidades positivas são muito ignificativas, ou em que o livre acesso enfrenta restrições activas, nomeadamente no que se refere a espaços com as características apropriadas para a actividade, a entrada de empresas deverá ser limitada, tendo por base não só o critério de eficiência económica mas, também, o de sustentabilidade.
- Motivations of tourists in wine regions: the case of La Rioja, SpainPublication . Vorobiova, Natalia; Patrícia Valle, Patrícia Oom do Valle; Pintassilgo, Pedro; Lavandoski, JoicePurpose This paper addresses the motivations of tourists who visit the region of La Rioja, Spain, which is well known for its internationally recognized, high-quality wines, yet remains understudied as a wine tourism destination. The paper aims to ascertain whether tourists are attracted to La Rioja because of its famous wines and wine-related activities or if other motivations exist. Design/methodology/approach The data were derived from 217 questionnaires regarding tourists' motivations. A tourist survey was applied in La Rioja's capital city, Logrono, and segmentation analysis was undertaken. The data were first grouped into five factors regarding motivations for one's visit. These factors were then used to create two clusters: "wine tourists" and "other tourists". Findings The results enabled us to detect different segments of tourists. The existence of two clusters suggests that tourists are motivated to visit the region for various reasons that are not necessarily wine-related. Thus, the region should be marketed to tourists beyond the theme of wine, as there is a demand for diverse experiences. Originality/value Using the push and pull theory, this study contributes to the literature on the profile of visitors to wine tourism destinations by identifying differences in terms of motivations and other personal characteristics between "wine tourists" and the "other tourists". It also adds to the few existing studies on wine tourism segmentation in Spain through its focus on La Rioja, which is one of the most famous Spanish wine tourism destinations.
- Cost-benefit analysis of tidal energy production in a coastal lagoon: the case of Ria Formosa – PortugalPublication . Rodrigues, Nuno; Pintassilgo, Pedro; Calhau, Francisco; G-Gorbeña, Eduardo; Pacheco, AndréThe energy that can be extracted from tidal currents is one of the most promising renewable energy sources due to its high density/predictability. Within this paper this energy source is evaluated economically respecting sustainability principles. This evaluation contrasts from previous studies due to the application of a cost-benefit analysis based on a hydro-morphodynamic model, and moving away from the classic proxy of wind energy. It further includes, via the Monte Carlo method, a probabilistic underpinning to the project. The hydro-economic model was applied to a tidal energy project using an Evopod 1:4th scale prototype, based on a real deployment of an Evopod 1:10th scale device in the Ria Formosa, Algarve. The results show that, under the current costs and benefits, the project is not economically viable. However, there are admissible parameter ranges that make the project viable such as significant reduction of investment costs, increased capacity factors and favourable energy prices. This novel methodology has potential to be applied to other tidal energy projects on estuarine systems worldwide, and consists of a comprehensive modelling approach, including the technical, environmental, and socio-economic dimensions of the project, not only in a deterministic setting but also in a probabilistic one.
- Sustainable drive tourism routes: a systematic literature reviewPublication . Cruz, Sandra; Ribeiro de Almeida, Cláudia; Pintassilgo, Pedro; Raimundo, RicardoDrive tourism (DT) has become an attractive way to visit tourism destinations for an increasing number of visitors along driving routes. This flow of visitors has made sustainability a major issue, that is, the way by which tourism development ensure economic benefits for local communities and preserves local identity, along the route, without compromisingtheenvironmental resources. Many studies focused the topic of DT, mainly the analysis of a particular angle, either be economic sustainability, e.g., advantages of the ones related to economic and environment sustainability, such as the impact of tourists along the route environment. Nevertheless, little attention has been paid to the social consequences of DT in the local entrepreneurial environment and the resulting exaggeration of their cultural representativeness in the sense of authenticity. Our aim is to summon these points of view and achieve, through a systematic literature review, a clear and integrative picture of the driving tourism impacts in terms of sustainability along the routes throughout local communities. A systematic literature review was performed using the PRISMA guidelines (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) methodology. This systematic literature review sought to consolidate knowledge on the subject. In order to illustrate the link between major categories and their corresponding trends, authors used VOSviewer scientific software. The gathering of existing knowledge around the three components of sustainability highlighted the importance of community involvement and collaboration among DT stakeholders to address the trade-off between the protection and promotion of DT routes. Opportunities for future studies are suggested.
- Segmenting visitors based on willingness to pay for recreational benefits: The case of Leiria National ForestPublication . Oliveira, Fernanda; Pintassilgo, Pedro; Valle, Patrícia do; Mendes, Isabel; Silva, joãoThis article uses a criterion-based method to segment visitors in the context of a contingent valuation survey. The National Forest of Leiria, located in central Portugal, is used as case study. Respondents are assigned to segments through a chi-squared automatic interaction detector method according to their willingness to pay for recreational improvements. This method identifies the main socio-economic and behavioural variables that differentiate the segments. The results show that the segment with the largest willingness to pay is formed by visitors who contribute to environmental protection and rate their recreational experience in the forest as very good. Besides these environmentally friendly' visitors, two other segments show willingness to pay above average: graduates' and forest neighbours'. The study shows how the rich set of data provided by contingent valuation studies can be used to segment visitors, and therefore to support the planning and management of recreational facilities.
- The economic dimension of climate change impacts on tourism: the case of PortugalPublication . Pintassilgo, Pedro; Rossello, Jaume; Santana-Gallego, Maria; Valle, ElisabethClimate variables such as temperature and precipitation play a crucial role on tourism flows worldwide. This places tourism at the forefront of the economic sectors to be affected by climate change. In this article, we address the impacts of climate change on the arrivals of inbound tourists to Portugal, a south European country where tourism is a core economic sector. The economic dimension of the impacts, in terms of gross domestic product (GDP) and employment, is then assessed. This is achieved by combining a world gravity model of tourism flows with an input-output model. The results show that under standard climate change scenarios from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, Portugal will experience a significant increase in temperature leading to a decrease of inbound tourism arrivals between 2.5% and 5.2%. This decrease in tourist arrivals is expected to reduce Portuguese GDP between 0.19% and 0.40%.
- System dynamics in tourism planning and developmentPublication . Sedarati, Pooyan; Santos, Sérgio; Pintassilgo, PedroSystem dynamics (SD) is a method that has the ability to capture the dynamic behavior of a complex system over time. The tourism industry, due to the myriad of interactions among its sectors, can be considered as a complex system. Therefore, SD has drawn the attention of tourism researchers over the last two decades. The goal of this study is to assess the application of the SD method in planning and development of the tourism industry. For this purpose, a systematic literature review was performed and a set of 27 papers was selected. The analysis of the papers shows the applicability of the SD method to address a multitude of different problems. Overall, however, it can be concluded that whilst the SD method has shown considerable potential to provide tourism decision-makers and regulators with tools for strategic and operational policy development at many different levels of analysis, the number of applications in this sector is still limited. Therefore, it is recommended that the use of SD modeling in the tourism industry be extended in order to promote a holistic understanding of the complex issues faced by this industry and to assist in the development of more effective policies.
- Comunidades energéticas sustentáveis: estudo de implementação de uma comunidade eólica no AlgarvePublication . Calhau, Francisco; Pintassilgo, Pedro; Guerreiro, J.Este livro aborda o tema da geração de eletricidade com recurso à energia eólica, dando assim o seu contributo para a redução das emissões de dióxido de carbono e demais gases causadores do efeito de estufa. O principal objetivo do trabalho nele descrito foi o de estudar a implementação de uma unidade de geração de eletricidade a partir da energia eólica, que permita satisfazer as necessidades de consumo de uma pequena comunidade local, na região do Algarve, e analisar a sua viabilidade financeira e económica. Acredita-se que este estudo possa, também, dar algum contributo para a maior utilização das energias renováveis na geração de eletricidade de forma descentralizada, em particular através da energia eólica. Nesse sentido, incentiva-se a constituição de sistemas locais de geração de eletricidade para autoconsumo de pequenas comunidades urbanas, indo ao encontro do conceito das Renewable Energy Communities, mais especificamente das Wind Communities.
- Environmental attitudes and behaviour of birdwatchers: a missing linkPublication . Pintassilgo, Pedro; Pinto, Patrícia; Costa, Andreia; Matias, António; Guimarães, M. HelenaBirdwatching is one of the fastest growing sectors of ecotourism. Managing this nature-based activity requires understanding birdwatchers’ attitudes and behaviour towards the natural environment. This paper proposes assessing these attitudes and the link to behavioural intentions by combining the New Environmental Paradigm (NEP) with a criterion-based segmentation method, the chi-squared automatic interaction detector (CHAID). This methodology was applied through a survey questionnaire to birdwatchers in the Ria Formosa Natural Park, a wetland located in South Portugal. The amount birdwatchers were willing to pay for an improvement in the environmental quality of the site, a behavioural intention variable, was used as the criterion in the CHAID analysis. Two birdwatcher segments willing to pay above average were identified and labelled as ‘environmental stewards’ and ‘birdwatching fans’. A key result that emerged from our study is that the NEP score is not a significant predictor of the willingness to pay for environmental improvement in the CHAID analysis. Hence, there is a missing link, as pro-environmental attitudes do not translate into pro-environmental behavioural intentions.