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- Human resources management skills needed by organizationsPublication . Sousa, Maria; Benlamri, R.; Sparer, M.This article analyses the concept of skills and also investigates the skills needed by organizations in Human Resources as a strategic area. The relevance of \ purpose is to identify the skills to be developed in Human Resources Courses in Higher Education. The skills needed by the organizations were identified through document analysis based on prospective studies developed in industry between 2011 and 2014. The research problem considered the analytical dimension of skills development in organizations anchored to the following research questions: What are the skills needed to be developed in Higher Education Courses to transform the Human Resources function strategic for organizations? This study is centred on the research of more relevant skills which can contribute to transform the Human Resources function strategic for organizations contributing for the improvement of their performance and competitiveness in the market.
- Influence of sustainability practices and green image on the re-visit intention of small and medium-size townsPublication . Mercadé Melé, Pere; Molina Gómez, Jesús; Sousa, Maria JoséThis study set a model to predict the e ect of corporate social responsibility and green image on visit intention in small and medium-size towns (SMST). At present, there is a keen social awareness towards environmental problems, and cities are required to reduce their ecological footprint and make more sustainable use of natural resources. Increasingly, tourists are considering “green options” in their decision making. The questionnaire responses, obtained from a sample of 221 tourism in Malaga town (Spain) were analyzed using a Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) to test the research hypothesis related to the positive influence of sustainability practices, green image, trust with the intention of revisiting related to the loyalty of the destination. This study shows that there is a positive relationship between sustainability practices and re-visit intention and between the green image and re-visit intention, both directly and indirectly, through trust. Also, the fact that this relationship is more significant if it is part of the green image than if it is part of sustainability actions. To practice, this study provides managerial implications to help executives adopt green actions, thanks to their positive e ects on tourist loyalty and the di erent way of manifesting this loyalty.
- Organisational innovation facilitators as drivers for international trade between China and European UnionPublication . Sousa, Maria; Martins, Jorge Miguel; Sousa, MiguelThis paper analyses the role of innovation policy and the main facilitators to promote China's international trade in the European Union. The theme Innovation Policy of China to potentiate their international trade in the European Union (EU), from 2014 to 2019. To undertake this, research was established the literature survey. The results show that regarding the research areas there is a multiplicity of themes, including Trade Policy, Digital Trade, International negotiations, Multilateral relations, Leadership, China – Politics & Government, Digital Trade Apps, International Trade, Trade Balance, and Goods balance. Also, the US–China trade war has consequences on the GTC because China, but also the EU and other countries are focussing their trade interest in other regions, especially consumers in Asia, Eurasia, Africa, and South America. For future studies, it is suggested to expand the search for articles concerning China and EU Trade on other databases.
- Digital learning: developing skills for digital transformation of organizationsPublication . Sousa, Maria José; Rocha, AlvaroThe primary goal of this paper is to contribute to the discussion of an effective digital transformation of organizations based on the latest trends of skills. It also intends to analyze the perceptions of individuals regarding the challenges faced by organizations and opportunities for new disruptive business. A literature review about the digital learning contexts and the identification of skills needed for organizations digital transformation was made. Moreover, it was also launched an online survey to identify the importance of skills for an effective digital transformation. As primary results, the main skills identified were artificial intelligence, nanotechnology, robotization, internet of things, augmented reality, digitalization; and the main digital learning contexts were mobile technologies, tablets, and smartphone applications — which are becoming more and more popular among the employees. This study will help organizations to rethink their strategies according to skills development to respond to the challenges of digital transformation.
- Skills for disruptive digital businessPublication . Sousa, Maria José; Rocha, AlvaroThis article analyses the concept of skills and also investigates the skills needed to create and manage disruptive digital business which is emerging from the IT evolution. The primary purpose is to identify skills which need to be developed to manage a disruptive digital business. The technologies, disruptive business and the skills needed by managers were identified through content analysis of semi-structured interviews with seven IT specialists. To analyze the development of the level of skills needed was conducted an online survey with managers and the final output of the research is a proposal of a model of skills' development for managers of the disruptive business. Ultimately, the result of this research are the lessons uncovered and the proposal made for a model of skills development for disruptive business managers, which identifies three types/categories of skills needing development - innovation, leadership, and management.
- Technology, governance, and a sustainability model for small and medium-sized towns in EuropePublication . Sousa, Maria José; Mercadé Melé, Pere; Molina Gómez, JesúsNew and cutting-edge technologies causing deep changes in societies, playing the role of game modifiers, and having a significant impact on global markets in small and medium-sized towns in Europe (SMSTEs) are the focus of this research. In this context, an analysis was carried out to identify the main dimensions of a model for promoting innovation in SMSTEs. The literature review on the main dimensions boosting the innovation in SMSTEs and the methodological approach was the application of a survey directed to experts on this issue. The findings from the literature review reflect that technologies, governance, and sustainability dimensions are enablers of SMSTEs’ innovation, and based on the results of the survey, a model was implemented to boost innovation, being this the major add-on of this research.
- Creating knowledge and entrepreneurial capacity for HE students with digital education methodologies: Differences in the perceptions of students and entrepreneursPublication . Sousa, Maria José; Carmo, Manuel; Goncalves, Ana Cristina; Cruz, Rui; Martins, Jorge MiguelThis main paper goal is to propose a model of digital education methodologies and tools to develop knowledge and entrepreneurial capacity in Higher Education (HE) students. Digital education is increasingly influencing both classroom/campus-based teaching, but more import is leading to new models or designs for teaching and learning. The paper makes a literature review on e-education, start-up stages and e-education methodologies and tools to develop the entrepreneurial capacity and uses quantitative methodology based on an online questionnaire applied to a sample of 75 HE Students and 75 Entrepreneurs in order to identify differences in their perceptions regarding the stages of the start-up process and also the most relevant methodologies to develop the entrepreneurial capacity of a potential entrepreneur. The paper is structured of the following research questions: RQ1. What are the most important stages of the entrepreneurial start-up process? Moreover, RQ2-Which methods and methodologies can be employed to promote the entrepreneurial activity? Besides the analysis of the methodologies and the tools of digital education, the research will also propose a model of E-Education methodologies for entrepreneur's strategic knowledge and skills development in each stage of the start-up process.
- Leadership styles and skills developed through game-based learningPublication . Sousa, Maria José; Rocha, AlvaroGame-based learning (GBL) as a universal approach to developing leadership skills have been winning attentionfrom researchers and practitioners. There are numerous studies which support the positive effects of games onlearning and knowledge development; however, more research is needed regarding how games may influencedevelopment of leadership skills. This paper examines recent literature regarding game-based learning influencein leadership skills development and if new leadership styles can emerge during a collaborative gaming process.The research questions were: 1) what were the leadership skills developed, during a GBL course? Moreover, 2)what kind of leadership styles emerge in the gaming context? The methodological approach was quantitative andalso qualitative, privileging the interpretative approach and the primary technique used was content analysisfrom the forums of discussion of 8 GBL courses with 15 participants in each course summing a total of 120individuals and also factor analysis based on data collected by a questionnaire about the leadership skills de-veloped, and which conducted to the identification of the leadership styles. Thefindings suggest that a game-based learning approach is an effective approach to leadership skills development and the primary skills de-veloped were: motivation, facilitation, coaching, mindset changing, and communication. The significant ori-ginality of the research was the analogy process between the games situations and the organisational life re-sulting on the creation of a leadership typology.
- The impacts of geopolitical risks on the energy sector: micro-level operative analysis in the European UnionPublication . Figueiredo, Ronnie; Soliman, Mohammad; Al-Alawi, Alamir N.; Sousa, MariaEnergy prices play a crucial role in combating geopolitical risks, especially for the major suppliers of energy resources. However, energy prices display a bilateral relationship with geopolitical risks in any economy. Any hike in the price of energy stimulates geopolitical risk factors and visa-versa. The consequences adversely impact economies and bring forth international tensions. This paper bridges a gap between the influence of geopolitical risks relating to energy and international tensions by analyzing micro-level operational measures. We deploy an empirical model to predict the energy sector and possible risk factors incorporating Eurostat data on twenty-seven states, from 2011 to 2020. This study collected a different energy variable to support the multiple regression model constructed by the "blocks" (hierarchical linear regression) method. The results suggest that geopolitical risks cause adverse effects on both the energy and other corporate sectors. The future direction of this research is to estimate how statistical model relationships may assist the corporate sector, and investors, in adopting mitigating measures to control upcoming geopolitical risks due to energy risks caused by geopolitical unrest.
- Entrepreneurship Skills Development in Higher Education Courses for Teams LeadersPublication . Sousa, Maria JoséThis article analyses the concept of skills and identifies the skills needed by entrepreneurs to lead their teams. To accomplish these goals, the primary step was to determine the leadership skills developed by the universities in the entrepreneurship and innovation courses and to compare it with the needed skills perceived by entrepreneurs. This research approach is framed in the Management Sciences, and the research problem is anchored to the following research questions: What leadership skills are required by students for them to be effective in entrepreneurial endeavors upon graduation? Are the skills identified by the entrepreneurs sufficiently learned in Universities in Portugal? Does the student work experience, gender or age contribute to a level of leadership skills attainment? The leadership skills identified by the entrepreneurs were pointed out by two focus groups with 15 entrepreneurs and by conceptual content analysis, establishing the existence and frequency of concepts represented by the words or phrases in the entrepreneur's discourse. To verify if those skills are being developed in the entrepreneurship and innovation of higher education courses, an online survey was conducted with the students from the 3rd year of 2016/2017 academic year of several universities. The primary outcome of the research will be a proposal for a model of leadership skills development for students to potentiate their leadership capacity as entrepreneurs.