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Avaliação da eficácia do plano de segurança e saúde como ferramenta de controle de risco na construção civil: estudo de caso
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| 1.14 MB | Adobe PDF |
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Abstract(s)
Os acidentes de trabalho podem ter consequências fatais e afetam não só ao sinistrado, mas também a sua família, a organização, e até a economia em geral. A prevenção e redução dos acidentes de trabalho é preocupação global, sendo que instituições como a Organização Internacional do Trabalho (OIT), têm desenvolvido normas e leis para promover a segurança no trabalho e, assim, reduzir os índices de sinistralidade.
Este estudo, pretendeu avaliar o Plano de Segurança e Saúde (PSS) como ferramenta de controle de riscos no setor da construção civil, recorrendo a um estudo de caso que reflete a realidade diária neste setor. A investigação começou com uma contextualização histórica e legal da segurança no trabalho, analisando a evolução das normas laborais, tanto a nível nacional como internacional, e identificando as principais legislações em vigor.
De seguida, foi realizada uma análise de campo para recolha e tratamento de dados, utilizando uma amostra de N=13 obras, que foram agrupadas conforme as categorias dos alvarás de construção das empresas executantes. A análise revelou variações significativas no cumprimento das normas de segurança, evidenciando discrepâncias a nível de implementação das medidas previstas no PSS entre as diferentes obras.
As grandes empresas demostraram maior aderência ao PSS, enquanto as pequenas e médias empresas enfrentam dificuldades. Os resultados mostram a necessidade de reforçar a fiscalização e a sensibilização sobre a importância do cumprimento das normas, sobretudo em empresas de menor dimensão, contribuindo para maior segurança no setor da construção e a consequente redução de índices de sinistralidade.
Accidents at work can have fatal consequences and affect not only the victim, but also their family, the organization, and even the economy in general. The prevention and reduction of occupational accidents is a global concern, and institutions such as the International Labor Organization (ILO) have developed standards and laws to promote safety at work and reduce accident rates. This study aimed to evaluate the Health and Safety Plan (PSS) as a risk control tool in the civil construction sector, using a case study that reflects the daily reality in this sector. The research began with a historical and legal contextualization of safety at work, analyzing the evolution of labor standards, nationally and internationally, and identifying the main legislations in implemented. Then, a field analysis was carried out for data collection and treatment, using a sample of N = 13 constructions, which were organized according to the categories of the construction permits of the executing companies. The analysis revealed significant variations in compliance with safety standards, showing discrepancies in terms of implementation from measures provided by PSS from different constructions. Large companies have shown greater adherence to the PSS, while small and medium-sized companies face difficulties. The results show the need to strengthen supervision and awareness of the importance of applying the rules, especially in smaller companies, contributing to greater safety in the construction sector and the reduction of accident rates.
Accidents at work can have fatal consequences and affect not only the victim, but also their family, the organization, and even the economy in general. The prevention and reduction of occupational accidents is a global concern, and institutions such as the International Labor Organization (ILO) have developed standards and laws to promote safety at work and reduce accident rates. This study aimed to evaluate the Health and Safety Plan (PSS) as a risk control tool in the civil construction sector, using a case study that reflects the daily reality in this sector. The research began with a historical and legal contextualization of safety at work, analyzing the evolution of labor standards, nationally and internationally, and identifying the main legislations in implemented. Then, a field analysis was carried out for data collection and treatment, using a sample of N = 13 constructions, which were organized according to the categories of the construction permits of the executing companies. The analysis revealed significant variations in compliance with safety standards, showing discrepancies in terms of implementation from measures provided by PSS from different constructions. Large companies have shown greater adherence to the PSS, while small and medium-sized companies face difficulties. The results show the need to strengthen supervision and awareness of the importance of applying the rules, especially in smaller companies, contributing to greater safety in the construction sector and the reduction of accident rates.
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Keywords
Segurança na construção Prevenção de riscos Plano de segurança e saúde