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Publication
Nematode and Arthropod Genomes Provide New Insights into the Evolution of Class 2 B1 GPCRs
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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
Nematodes and arthropods are the most speciose animal groups and possess Class 2 B1 G-protein coupled receptors
(GPCRs). Existing models of invertebrate Class 2 B1 GPCR evolution are mainly centered on Caenorhabditis elegans and
Drosophila melanogaster and a few other nematode and arthropod representatives. The present study reevaluates the
evolution of metazoan Class 2 B1 GPCRs and orthologues by exploring the receptors in several nematode and arthropod
genomes and comparing them to the human receptors. Three novel receptor phylogenetic clusters were identified and
designated cluster A, cluster B and PDF-R-related cluster. Clusters A and B were identified in several nematode and
arthropod genomes but were absent from D. melanogaster and Culicidae genomes, whereas the majority of the members of
the PDF-R-related cluster were from nematodes. Cluster A receptors were nematode and arthropod-specific but shared a
conserved gene environment with human receptor loci. Cluster B members were orthologous to human GCGR, PTHR and
Secretin members with which they probably shared a common origin. PDF-R and PDF-R related clusters were present in
representatives of both nematodes and arthropods. The results of comparative analysis of GPCR evolution and diversity in
protostomes confirm previous notions that C. elegans and D. melanogaster genomes are not good representatives of
nematode and arthropod phyla. We hypothesize that at least four ancestral Class 2 B1 genes emerged early in the metazoan
radiation, which after the protostome-deuterostome split underwent distinct selective pressures that resulted in duplication
and deletion events that originated the current Class 2 B1 GPCRs in nematode and arthropod genomes.
Description
Keywords
Arthropoda Caenorhabditis elegans Chromosomes Evolutionary genetics
Citation
Cardoso JCR, Fe´ lix RC, Power DM (2014) Nematode and Arthropod Genomes Provide New Insights into the Evolution of Class 2 B1 GPCRs. PLoS ONE 9(3): e92220. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0092220
Publisher
Public Library of Science