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Pedra sobre pedra: intervenções de conservação em sítios murados do calcolítico no território português
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| 15.2 MB | Adobe PDF |
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Abstract(s)
Compete à arqueologia a investigação e a interpretação, mas também o destino do património arqueológico, onde se inclui o compromisso da sua salvaguarda. O trabalho em
apresentação visa desenvolver critérios para a conservação das estruturas arqueológicas dos sítios murados do Calcolítico em Portugal, mantendo a sua autenticidade e promovendo a sua preservação. O estudo parte da análise dos últimos momentos do Neolítico e percorre todo o Calcolítico, período de grandes transformações sociais, culturais e tecnológicas que influenciaram a adaptabilidade das sociedades, o uso da terra e as construções hoje consideradas como património arqueológico. A compreensão desses contextos é essencial para a elaboração de estratégias de conservação que respeitem as características originais das construções e abordem
as diferentes patologias. O estudo incluí análise documental e in situ de três sítios murados de referência: Castelo Velho de Freixo de Numão, Leceia e Cerro do Castelo de Santa Justa. Cada sítio foi analisado quanto às intervenções arqueológicas realizadas, geomorfologia e os materiais utilizados, comparando-se os métodos e práticas de conservação aplicadas. A pesquisa incluiu a revisão das intervenções de salvaguarda, musealização e a análise dos impactos da interpretação arqueológica nas intervenções e na autenticidade dos sítios. A investigação revelou uma evolução nas práticas de conservação, com o abandono de materiais inadequados a favor de outros mais compatíveis e reversíveis. Destaque ainda para a musealização, que, embora valiosa para a acessibilidade pública, deve ser executada de acordo com parâmetros éticos, a fim de evitar a descaracterização dos sítios.
Por outro lado, a conservação dos sítios arqueológicos murados do Calcolítico requer uma ação contínua, colaborativa e multidisciplinar, envolvendo arqueólogos, conservadores e a comunidade local. Por fim, a pesquisa propõe a implementação de programas regulares de monitorização, capacitação técnica dos profissionais e manutenção preventiva das estruturas, garantindo a valorização e a preservação deste património para as gerações futuras.
Archeology is responsible for research and interpretation, but also for the fate of archaeological heritage, which includes the commitment to safeguarding it. The work presented aims to develop criteria for the conservation of archaeological structures from Chalcolithic walled sites in Portugal, maintaining their authenticity and promoting their preservation. The study startsfrom the analysis of the last moments of the Neolithic and covers the entire Chalcolithic period, a period of great social, cultural and technological transformations that influenced the adaptability of societies, the use of land and buildings today considered archaeological heritage. Understanding these contexts is essential for developing conservation strategies that respect the original characteristics of the structures and address the different pathologies. The study includes documentary and in situ analysis of three walled reference sites: Castelo Velho de Freixo de Numão, Leceia and Cerro do Castelo de Santa Justa. Each site was analyzed regarding the archaeological interventions carried out, the geomorphological characteristics and the materials used, comparing the conservation methods and practices applied. The research also includes a review of safeguarding interventions and museumization, as well as an analysis of the impacts of archaeological interpretation on interventions regarding the site’s authenticity. The investigation revealed an evolution in conservation practices, with the abandonment of unsuitable materials in favour of more compatible and reversible ones. Also noteworthy is museumization, which, although valuable for public accessibility, must be carried out in accordance with ethical parameters, to avoid the mischaracterization of sites. On the other hand, the conservation of Chalcolithic archaeological sites requires continuous, collaborative and multidisciplinary approach, involving archaeologists, conservators and the local community. Finally, the research proposes the implementation of regular monitoring programs, technical training of professionals and preventive maintenance of structures, ensuring the appreciation and preservation of this heritage for future generations.
Archeology is responsible for research and interpretation, but also for the fate of archaeological heritage, which includes the commitment to safeguarding it. The work presented aims to develop criteria for the conservation of archaeological structures from Chalcolithic walled sites in Portugal, maintaining their authenticity and promoting their preservation. The study startsfrom the analysis of the last moments of the Neolithic and covers the entire Chalcolithic period, a period of great social, cultural and technological transformations that influenced the adaptability of societies, the use of land and buildings today considered archaeological heritage. Understanding these contexts is essential for developing conservation strategies that respect the original characteristics of the structures and address the different pathologies. The study includes documentary and in situ analysis of three walled reference sites: Castelo Velho de Freixo de Numão, Leceia and Cerro do Castelo de Santa Justa. Each site was analyzed regarding the archaeological interventions carried out, the geomorphological characteristics and the materials used, comparing the conservation methods and practices applied. The research also includes a review of safeguarding interventions and museumization, as well as an analysis of the impacts of archaeological interpretation on interventions regarding the site’s authenticity. The investigation revealed an evolution in conservation practices, with the abandonment of unsuitable materials in favour of more compatible and reversible ones. Also noteworthy is museumization, which, although valuable for public accessibility, must be carried out in accordance with ethical parameters, to avoid the mischaracterization of sites. On the other hand, the conservation of Chalcolithic archaeological sites requires continuous, collaborative and multidisciplinary approach, involving archaeologists, conservators and the local community. Finally, the research proposes the implementation of regular monitoring programs, technical training of professionals and preventive maintenance of structures, ensuring the appreciation and preservation of this heritage for future generations.
Description
Keywords
Arqueologia Calcolítico Estruturas Conservação Abordagem multidisciplinar