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Interesses, adaptabilidade na carreira e bem-estar psicológico: estudo na transição do ensino superior para o mercado de trabalho
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Abstract(s)
O ciclo de vida de cada pessoa é recheado de inúmeras transições de variada natureza e de distinta relevância no seu desenvolvimento. Uma das transições com maior impacto na vida adulta, consiste na transição do ensino superior para o mercado de trabalho. De entre os diversos fatores que a literatura refere selecionámos, para o nosso estudo, os interesses vocacionais, o bem-estar psicológico e a adaptabilidade de carreira. Os interesses vocacionais expressam o nível de atração da pessoa por distintos domínios profissionais e, a sua congruência com a área de formação, as necessidades e os valores da pessoa, tende a refletir a consistência com os objetivos de vida e, por consequência, favorável aos processos de adaptabilidade de carreira e de bem-estar psicológico.
Desta forma, o objetivo principal deste estudo é contribuir para o conhecimento do papel da adaptabilidade, do bem-estar psicológico e dos interesses vocacionais na transição do ensino superior para o mercado de trabalho. Em específico, avaliar em que medida os interesses vocacionais e o bem-estar psicológico contribuem para a adaptabilidade de carreira. Neste âmbito, pretende-se, ainda, avaliar o impacto de uma intervenção vocacional alicerçada na promoção da adaptabilidade. Deste modo, esta investigação recorre a um desenho metodológico quasi-experimental, utilizando procedimentos de estatística descritiva e inferencial que possibilite a análise das relações entre os construtos em estudo e da sua variância de resultados, em função da idade, do género, do grau académico, do estatuto do estudante e do nível de congruência dos interesses vocacionais.
Para a recolha de dados foi aplicado um questionário sociodemográfico e uma bateria constituída pelo Inventário de Interesses Vocacionais – Versão reduzida (IIV-r), as Escalas de Bem-Estar Psicológico (EBEP) e a Escala de Adaptabilidade de Carreira (CAAS – Portugal).
A análise de resultados sugere, no global, poucas diferenças significativas nas variáveis estudadas em função nos fatores considerados; relações de associação relevantes entre bem-estar psicológico e adaptabilidade da carreira; e um contributo intervenção no incremento da adaptabilidade da carreira. São discutidas as limitações do estudo, assinaladas algumas sugestões para futuras investigações e para a prática psicológica no domínio da intervenção de carreira.
Each person's life cycle is filled with numerous transitions of varying nature and of different relevance in their development. One of the transitions with the greatest impact on adult life is the transition from higher education to the labor market. Among the various factors mentioned in the literature, we have selected, for our study, vocational interests, psychological well-being and career adaptability. Vocational interests express the person's level of attraction for different professional domains and, their congruence with the training area, the person's needs and values, tends to reflect consistency with life goals and, consequently, favorable to career adaptability and psychological well-being processes. Thus, the main objective of this study is to contribute to the knowledge of the role of adaptability, psychological well-being, and vocational interests in the transition from higher education to the job market. In particular, assess the extent to which vocational interests and psychological well-being contribute to career adaptability. In this context, it is also intended to assess the impact of a vocational intervention based on promoting adaptability. Therefore, this investigation uses a quasi-experimental methodological design, using descriptive and inferential statistical procedures that enable the analysis of the relationships between the constructs under study and their variance of results, according to age, gender, academic degree, the status of the student and the level of congruence of vocational interests. For data collection, a sociodemographic questionnaire and a battery consisting of the Inventory of Vocational Interests - Short Version (IIV-r), the Psychological Well-Being Scales (EBEP) and the Career Adaptability Scale (CAAS - Portugal) were applied. The analysis of results suggests, overall, few significant differences in the variables studied as a function of the factors considered; relevant association relationships between psychological well-being and career adaptability; and an intervention contribution to increase career adaptability. The limitations of the study are discussed, with some suggestions for future investigations and psychological practice in the field of career intervention.
Each person's life cycle is filled with numerous transitions of varying nature and of different relevance in their development. One of the transitions with the greatest impact on adult life is the transition from higher education to the labor market. Among the various factors mentioned in the literature, we have selected, for our study, vocational interests, psychological well-being and career adaptability. Vocational interests express the person's level of attraction for different professional domains and, their congruence with the training area, the person's needs and values, tends to reflect consistency with life goals and, consequently, favorable to career adaptability and psychological well-being processes. Thus, the main objective of this study is to contribute to the knowledge of the role of adaptability, psychological well-being, and vocational interests in the transition from higher education to the job market. In particular, assess the extent to which vocational interests and psychological well-being contribute to career adaptability. In this context, it is also intended to assess the impact of a vocational intervention based on promoting adaptability. Therefore, this investigation uses a quasi-experimental methodological design, using descriptive and inferential statistical procedures that enable the analysis of the relationships between the constructs under study and their variance of results, according to age, gender, academic degree, the status of the student and the level of congruence of vocational interests. For data collection, a sociodemographic questionnaire and a battery consisting of the Inventory of Vocational Interests - Short Version (IIV-r), the Psychological Well-Being Scales (EBEP) and the Career Adaptability Scale (CAAS - Portugal) were applied. The analysis of results suggests, overall, few significant differences in the variables studied as a function of the factors considered; relevant association relationships between psychological well-being and career adaptability; and an intervention contribution to increase career adaptability. The limitations of the study are discussed, with some suggestions for future investigations and psychological practice in the field of career intervention.
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Keywords
Adaptabilidade Bem-estar psicológico Interesses vocacionais transição Ensino superior Mercado de trabalho