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Abstract(s)
Os territórios rurais de baixa densidade estão sujeitos a processos de despovoamento e
desertificação. A aldeia de Querença (Loulé) perdeu entre 2001 e 2011 3,7% da
população residente (INE, 2011) e no concelho de Alcoutim observa-se uma diminuição
da população de 17% (2010-2019) e um índice de envelhecimento de 651 idosos por
100 jovens (Pordata, 2021). O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar os resultados de duas
iniciativas de promoção e desenvolvimento rural implementadas em territórios de baixa
densidade: a aldeia de Querença através do Projeto Querença; e o concelho de Alcoutim
pela edição do Mestrado em Gestão Sustentável dos Espaços Rurais da Universidade do
Algarve nos anos letivos 2016/18.
O Projeto Querença consistiu numa iniciativa de resgate territorial que integrava ações
de cariz social, interações simbólicas e empreendedorismo (Martins & Covas, 2013).
Envolveu várias entidades, públicas e privadas, com grande impacto mediático.
O Mestrado em Gestão Sustentável dos Espaços Rurais, lecionado em b-learning pela
Universidade do Algarve, teve como território anfitrião, em 2016/18, o concelho de
Alcoutim. A parceria com o Município teve como objetivo contribuir para o
desenvolvimento, através de várias atividades no território e das dissertações de
mestrado realizadas pelos estudantes.
No estudo foi utilizada a triangulação para obtenção de dados, através de pesquisa
bibliográfica e entrevistas semiestruturadas. Sobre o PQ ficou evidente a importância
que teve a conjugação de diferentes entidades públicas e privadas, o apoio financeiro e
material por parte de patrocinadores e a mediatização propiciada pela comunicação
social. Observou-se o surgimento de novas empresas, uma cooperativa de
desenvolvimento local e de um produto inovador (Barra Energética de Querença), assim
como a organização de um mercado mensal e a replicação da metodologia do PQ
noutras áreas rurais de baixa densidade. O MGSER facilitou o acesso a formação num
concelho rural e isolado e criou um conjunto de soluções inovadoras, baseadas no
estudo e na investigação académica, para a exploração das mais-valias do território
através do desenvolvimento de quatro dissertações sobre o concelho.
Low-density rural territories are subject to depopulation and desertification processes. Querença (Loulé) lost 3.7% of the resident population (INE, 2011) between 2001 and 2011 and in the municipality of Alcoutim there was a 17% decrease in the population between 2010- and 019 and an aging rate of 651 elderly per 100 young people (Pordata, 2021). The aim of this study was to analyze the results of two initiatives that took place on development of low-density territories. The Querença Project (QP) was a territorial rescue initiative that integrated actions of a social nature, symbolic interactions and entrepreneurship (Martins & Covas, 2013). The Masters in Sustainable Management of Rural Areas (MSMRA), had the municipality of Alcoutim as its host territory during 2016/18 and it was taught in blearning by the University of Algarve. The partnership with the Municipality aimed to contribute to the territory development, through various activities in situ and the Master students´dissertations. Triangulation was used to understand the phenomena in study and reach the results, specifically through bibliographic research and semi-structured interviews. In regards to the Querença Project, it was evident that the combination of different public and private entities, the financial and material support by sponsors and the media coverage. The emergence of new companies, a local development cooperative and an innovative product (BEQ) are examples of this development, as well as the organization of a monthly market and the replication of the Querença Project´s methodology in other low-density rural areas. MSMRA facilitated access to training in a rural and isolated municipality and created a set of innovative solutions, based on academic research, for the exploration of the territory's added value through the presentation of four dissertations about the municipality.
Low-density rural territories are subject to depopulation and desertification processes. Querença (Loulé) lost 3.7% of the resident population (INE, 2011) between 2001 and 2011 and in the municipality of Alcoutim there was a 17% decrease in the population between 2010- and 019 and an aging rate of 651 elderly per 100 young people (Pordata, 2021). The aim of this study was to analyze the results of two initiatives that took place on development of low-density territories. The Querença Project (QP) was a territorial rescue initiative that integrated actions of a social nature, symbolic interactions and entrepreneurship (Martins & Covas, 2013). The Masters in Sustainable Management of Rural Areas (MSMRA), had the municipality of Alcoutim as its host territory during 2016/18 and it was taught in blearning by the University of Algarve. The partnership with the Municipality aimed to contribute to the territory development, through various activities in situ and the Master students´dissertations. Triangulation was used to understand the phenomena in study and reach the results, specifically through bibliographic research and semi-structured interviews. In regards to the Querença Project, it was evident that the combination of different public and private entities, the financial and material support by sponsors and the media coverage. The emergence of new companies, a local development cooperative and an innovative product (BEQ) are examples of this development, as well as the organization of a monthly market and the replication of the Querença Project´s methodology in other low-density rural areas. MSMRA facilitated access to training in a rural and isolated municipality and created a set of innovative solutions, based on academic research, for the exploration of the territory's added value through the presentation of four dissertations about the municipality.
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Keywords
Territórios de baixa densidade Despovoamento Desertificação Querença Alcoutim