Publication
Prospeção de psilídeos (Hemiptera: Psylloidea) e seus parasitoides a Sul de Portugal
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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
A luta biológica clássica é frequentemente usada para o controlo de surtos de pragas de grande impacto na agricultura e floresta, no entanto, deve ser suportada por uma intensa atividade de investigação que assegure o sucesso destes programas e evite efeitos secundários indesejados. Recentemente iniciou-se um plano de luta biológica para o controlo de Trioza erytreae (Hemiptera: Triozidae) com o himenóptero Tamarixia dryi. Porém o conhecimento sobre psilídeos (superfamília Psylloidea a que pertence T. erytreae) em Portugal é muito reduzido e, para a continuação das largadas com T. dryi neste programa, são necessários estudos sobre a praga e respetivo parasitoide em várias vertentes, entre elas, a diversidade de psilídeos e fauna auxiliar associada.
Neste âmbito, foi iniciada uma prospeção no Algarve com o objetivo de inventariar os psilídeos presentes nesta região, nativos e introduzidos, determinar as suas plantas hospedeiras e averiguar a fauna auxiliar, em particular os seus parasitoides.
Ao longo do trabalho, foram realizadas mais de 330 amostras, utilizando as técnicas das batidas e sweeping net bem como recolhas de material vegetal, em mais de 140 espécies de plantas. Comparando com os dados existentes na Psyl´list foram encontradas 24 plantas hospedeiras, das quais 3 detetadas pela primeira vez a nível nacional e 5 a nível mundial. No que diz respeito aos psilídeos encontrados durante a prospeção, pelo menos 32 morfoespécies foram identificadas, quase todas até ao género, e algumas até ao nível específico. Foram igualmente encontrados parasitoides em 7 destes psilídeos.
Este é o primeiro estudo exaustivo realizado sobre psilídeos no Algarve o qual trouxe novos dados sobre a fauna desta superfamília, plantas hospedeiras e parasitoides. É um trabalho que requer, no entanto, uma continuação com o objetivo de proceder a uma identificação específica de todos os psilídeos encontrados e uma continuação e alargamento da prospeção iniciada.
Surveying psyllids and their parasitoids in the South of Portugal Classical biological control is often used for the control of outbreaks of pests of great impact in agriculture and forestry. It must be, nevertheless, supported by intense research activity to ensure the success of these programs and avoid undesirable side effects. Recently a biological control plan was initiated to control Trioza erytreae (Hemiptera: Triozidae) with Tamarixia dryi. However, knowledge of psyllids (superfamily Psylloidea to which T. erytreae belongs) in Portugal is very limited and, in order to continue with the release of T. dryi in this program, studies on the pest and its parasitoid in various aspects are necessary, including the diversity of psyllids and associated auxiliary fauna. In this context, a survey was started in the Algarve with the aim of inventorying the psyllids present in this region, native and introduced, determining their host plants, and investigating the auxiliary fauna, in particular their parasitoids. Throughout the work, more than 330 samples were taken, using the beating and sweeping net techniques as well as collecting plant material, on more than 140 plant species. Compared to the existing data on Psyl'list, 24 host plants were found, of which 3 were detected for the first time at national level and 5 worldwide. Regarding psyllids found during the survey, at least 32 morphospecies were identified, almost all up to genus, and some up to specific level. Parasitoids were likewise found in 7 of these psyllids. This is the first comprehensive study carried out on psyllids in the Algarve which brought new data on the fauna of this superfamily, host plants and parasitoids. It is a work that nevertheless requires a follow-up in order to proceed to a specific identification of all the psyllids found and a continuation and extension of the prospection started.
Surveying psyllids and their parasitoids in the South of Portugal Classical biological control is often used for the control of outbreaks of pests of great impact in agriculture and forestry. It must be, nevertheless, supported by intense research activity to ensure the success of these programs and avoid undesirable side effects. Recently a biological control plan was initiated to control Trioza erytreae (Hemiptera: Triozidae) with Tamarixia dryi. However, knowledge of psyllids (superfamily Psylloidea to which T. erytreae belongs) in Portugal is very limited and, in order to continue with the release of T. dryi in this program, studies on the pest and its parasitoid in various aspects are necessary, including the diversity of psyllids and associated auxiliary fauna. In this context, a survey was started in the Algarve with the aim of inventorying the psyllids present in this region, native and introduced, determining their host plants, and investigating the auxiliary fauna, in particular their parasitoids. Throughout the work, more than 330 samples were taken, using the beating and sweeping net techniques as well as collecting plant material, on more than 140 plant species. Compared to the existing data on Psyl'list, 24 host plants were found, of which 3 were detected for the first time at national level and 5 worldwide. Regarding psyllids found during the survey, at least 32 morphospecies were identified, almost all up to genus, and some up to specific level. Parasitoids were likewise found in 7 of these psyllids. This is the first comprehensive study carried out on psyllids in the Algarve which brought new data on the fauna of this superfamily, host plants and parasitoids. It is a work that nevertheless requires a follow-up in order to proceed to a specific identification of all the psyllids found and a continuation and extension of the prospection started.
Description
Keywords
Psilídeos Psylloidea Luta biológica Trioza erytreae