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Perfecionismo e procrastinação no contexto universitário: o que pode a autocompaixão fazer por mim e por nós?
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Abstract(s)
A saúde mental dos estudantes universitários tem despoletado um interesse crescente no campo da Psicologia. O ambiente académico, caracterizado por uma vontade em alcançar o sucesso, suscita nos estudantes, uma necessidade em corresponder às expectativas, próprias ou de outrem, de forma perfeita. Na sua componente desadaptativa, o perfecionismo associa-se fortemente à doença mental, sendo responsável pela etiologia, desenvolvimento e manutenção de uma vasto conjunto de sintomas e quadros clínicos. No contexto académico, associado ao perfecionismo surge tendencialmente a procrastinação. Designada como uma tendência em adiar tarefas, a procrastinação assume-se como potencialmente disfuncional quando o adiar da tarefa produz consequências negativas. Apesar de se tratar de um construto relativamente recente no domínio da psicologia contemporânea, a autocompaixão parece ser um recurso psicológico saliente como mediador entre os traços perfecionistas e os comportamentos procrastinadores no contexto académico. Os estudos que integram a autocompaixão na relação entre o perfecionismo e o procrastinação, no contexto universitário português são inexistentes. A presente investigação tem como principal objetivo compreender o papel da autocompaixão na relação entre as diferentes dimensões do perfecionismo e a procrastinação. A amostra foi composta por 60 estudantes universitários (78.3% do sexo feminino), com idades compreendidas entre os 18 e os 40 anos (M = 23.15, DP = 4.34). Os participantes responderam a um Questionário Sociodemográfico, à Escala Multidimensional de Perfecionismo, à Escala Quase Perfeita Versão reduzida, à Escala de Procrastinação (PASS) e à Escala de Autocompaixão. Os resultados demonstram que o perfecionismo surge associado significativamente à procrastinação. Verificou-se que a autocompaixão desempenha um papel mediador parcial na relação entre o perfecionismo e a procrastinação. Globalmente, os resultados sublinham a tendência dos estudantes universitários perfecionistas em procrastinar, na ausência de uma atitude compassiva face ao self.
The mental health of university students has sparked a growing interest in the field of Psychology. The academic environment, characterized by a desire to achieve success, raises in students a need to meet their own or others' expectations perfectly. Strongly associated with mental illness, perfectionism is responsible for the etiology, development and maintenance of a vast set of symptoms and clinical conditions. In the academic context, procrastination tends to arise, associated with perfectionism. Designated as a tendency to postpone tasks, procrastination is potentially dysfunctional when the act of postponing a task produces negative consequences. Despite being a relatively recent construct in the field of contemporary psychology, self-compassion appears to be a prominent psychological resource as a mediator between perfectionist traits and procrastinating behaviors in the academic context. Studies that integrate self-compassion in the relationship between perfectionism and procrastination in the Portuguese university context are non-existent. The main objective of this investigation is to understand the role of self-compassion in the relationship between the different dimensions of perfectionism and procrastination. The sample consisted of 60 university students (78.3% female), aged between 18 and 40 years old (M = 23.15, SD = 4.34). Participants responded to a Sociodemographic Questionnaire, to the Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale, to the Short Version Almost Perfect Scale, to the Procrastination Scale and to the Self-Compassion Scale. The results demonstrate that perfectionism is significantly associated with procrastination. Self-compassion was found to play a partial mediating role in the relationship between perfectionism and procrastination. Globally, the results highlight the tendency of perfectionist university students to procrastinate, in the absence of a compassionate attitude towards the self.
The mental health of university students has sparked a growing interest in the field of Psychology. The academic environment, characterized by a desire to achieve success, raises in students a need to meet their own or others' expectations perfectly. Strongly associated with mental illness, perfectionism is responsible for the etiology, development and maintenance of a vast set of symptoms and clinical conditions. In the academic context, procrastination tends to arise, associated with perfectionism. Designated as a tendency to postpone tasks, procrastination is potentially dysfunctional when the act of postponing a task produces negative consequences. Despite being a relatively recent construct in the field of contemporary psychology, self-compassion appears to be a prominent psychological resource as a mediator between perfectionist traits and procrastinating behaviors in the academic context. Studies that integrate self-compassion in the relationship between perfectionism and procrastination in the Portuguese university context are non-existent. The main objective of this investigation is to understand the role of self-compassion in the relationship between the different dimensions of perfectionism and procrastination. The sample consisted of 60 university students (78.3% female), aged between 18 and 40 years old (M = 23.15, SD = 4.34). Participants responded to a Sociodemographic Questionnaire, to the Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale, to the Short Version Almost Perfect Scale, to the Procrastination Scale and to the Self-Compassion Scale. The results demonstrate that perfectionism is significantly associated with procrastination. Self-compassion was found to play a partial mediating role in the relationship between perfectionism and procrastination. Globally, the results highlight the tendency of perfectionist university students to procrastinate, in the absence of a compassionate attitude towards the self.
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Keywords
Autocompaixão Ensino superior Estudantes universitários Perfecionismo Procrastinação Saúde mental