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Publication
Cultura: clima organizacional e satisfação profissional
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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
A temática da cultura organizacional permite compreender diversos aspectos da
vida organizacional, antes negligenciados. A abordagem simbólica possibilita a
interpretação da realidade socialmente construída, e a compreensão da forma como os
indivíduos estruturam os seus pensamentos, acções e sentimentos. No presente estudo,
procurou-se destacar a influência da cultura e do clima organizacionais, conceitos cuja
essência radica na partilha do significado atribuído pelos indivíduos às diversas formas e
manifestações, sobre a satisfação no trabalho dos colaboradores e sobre a atmosfera de
grupo. Estas duas variáveis têm bastante relevância para o desempenho organizacional,
visto terem repercussões na realização pessoal dos colaboradores e na produtividade da
empresa.
Nesta investigação, objectivou-se averiguar a influência da percepção da cultura
organizacional na satisfação profissional e na atmosfera de grupo de 210 enfermeiros e
professores, respectivamente, de dois centros de saúde e um hospital e de quatro escolas.
Os dados foram recolhidos através de um instrumento constituído por três escalas: o
questionário FOCUS (Fmt Organizational Culture Unified Search) (Neves e Jesuíno, 1996),
a Escala de Satisfação Profissional (Lima, Vala e Monteiro, 1994) e a Escala de Atmosfera
de Grupo (Jesuíno, 1987). Foram também registadas variáveis demográficas
categorizadoras dos inquiridos.
Os resultados sugerem que a cultura das organizações estudadas são
percepcionadas sobretudo como uma cultura de regras. É possível afirmar que as variáveis
demográficas têm muito pouco poder na determinação da cultura organizacional (7%), da
atmosfera de grupo (7%) e da satisfação profissional (2%). No entanto, verificamos que a
cultura organizacional apresentam um elevado valor preditivo da satisfação profissional
(45%) e da atmosfera de grupo (30%). Podemos ainda concluir que estas duas últimas
variáveis se correlacionam significativamente (32%).
De um modo geral, estes resultados demonstraram a existência de influência do
tipo de cultura organizacional sobre a satisfação no trabalho e a atmosfera de grupo.
Porém, persiste a necessidade de aprofundar, teórica e empiricamente, os conhecimentos
sobre esta problemática.
The study of organisational culture enlarges the understanding of several aspects of organisational life that have being systematically neglected. The symbohc approach makes possible to understand the social reality and the ways individuais structure theit thoughts, feelings and actions within an organisation. In the present study, we focus upon the influence of organisational culture and climate on job satisfaction and group atmosphere. Satisfaction and group atmosphere are fundamentais issues when we are interested in organisational performance because it affects personal accomplishment of collaborators and, then, the productivity of the company. The main goal of the present research is to study the influence of organisational culture perception on job satisfaction and group atmosphere of 210 workers in schools and hospitais. Data were collected using three questionnaires: the FOCUS (First Organisational Culture Unified Search) (Neves & Jesuíno, 1996), the Scale of Group Atmosphere (Jesuíno, 1987) and the Scale of Job Satisfaction (Lima, Vala & Monteiro, 1994). demographic data describing respondents were also collected. Results indicates that the perception of the institutions as an organisational culture based on mies prevails. A systematic and positive association was found between the different culture dimensions and, on one hand, job satisfaction and, on the other hand, group atmosphere. The perception of the organisational culture explains nearly 45% of the variance of the general job satisfaction, significantly more than the contributions brought by demographic (2%) variables. The same association was found between organizational culture and group atmosphere; the first explains 30% of the variance of the group atmosphere; while demographic variables explains nearly 7% of the variance of the group atmosphere. We also find a strong association between job satisfaction and group atmosphere (32%). These results shows the importance of the organisational culture in the study of job satisfaction and group atmosphere. However, further research is needed in order to explore this problem more deeply, both from theoretical and empirical perspectives.
The study of organisational culture enlarges the understanding of several aspects of organisational life that have being systematically neglected. The symbohc approach makes possible to understand the social reality and the ways individuais structure theit thoughts, feelings and actions within an organisation. In the present study, we focus upon the influence of organisational culture and climate on job satisfaction and group atmosphere. Satisfaction and group atmosphere are fundamentais issues when we are interested in organisational performance because it affects personal accomplishment of collaborators and, then, the productivity of the company. The main goal of the present research is to study the influence of organisational culture perception on job satisfaction and group atmosphere of 210 workers in schools and hospitais. Data were collected using three questionnaires: the FOCUS (First Organisational Culture Unified Search) (Neves & Jesuíno, 1996), the Scale of Group Atmosphere (Jesuíno, 1987) and the Scale of Job Satisfaction (Lima, Vala & Monteiro, 1994). demographic data describing respondents were also collected. Results indicates that the perception of the institutions as an organisational culture based on mies prevails. A systematic and positive association was found between the different culture dimensions and, on one hand, job satisfaction and, on the other hand, group atmosphere. The perception of the organisational culture explains nearly 45% of the variance of the general job satisfaction, significantly more than the contributions brought by demographic (2%) variables. The same association was found between organizational culture and group atmosphere; the first explains 30% of the variance of the group atmosphere; while demographic variables explains nearly 7% of the variance of the group atmosphere. We also find a strong association between job satisfaction and group atmosphere (32%). These results shows the importance of the organisational culture in the study of job satisfaction and group atmosphere. However, further research is needed in order to explore this problem more deeply, both from theoretical and empirical perspectives.
Description
Dissertação de mest. em Psicologia, Faculdade de Ciências Humanas e Sociais, Univ. do Algarve, 2005
Keywords
Cultura Organizacional Atmosfera de Grupo Satisfação Profissional